scholarly journals MAINTENANCE OF IMAGINAL DISCS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER IN CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIA

1969 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

A phosphate-buffered saline and a chemically defined synthetic medium for in vitro maintenance of imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster were developed. The composition of the chemically defined medium was varied in order to optimize the incorporation of tritiated uridine into RNA and tritiated amino acids into acid-insoluble protein. The optimal ranges obtained were: pH, 6.75–7.35; osmolarity, 285–345 milliosmoles/liter; sodium concentration, 40–60 mM/liter; potassium concentration, 40–60 mM/liter; magnesium concentration, 0.5–3.5 mM/liter; calcium concentration, 0.3–1.5 mM/liter; and inorganic phosphate concentration, 1.5–4.0 mM/liter. The phosphate-buffered saline is superior to a commonly used insect Ringer solution in maintaining total RNA and acid-insoluble protein synthesis in culture. The chemically defined synthetic medium permits linear total RNA and acid-insoluble protein synthesis for more than 48 hr, DNA synthesis for several hours, normal differentiation to occur after 74 hr in vitro, and trypsinization of imaginal discs into single cell suspensions without developmental damage.

Use of an in Vitro Protein Synthesizing System to Test the Mode of Action of Chloracetamides

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luanne M. Deal ◽  
J. T. Reeves ◽  
B. A. Larkins ◽  
F. D. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Protein Incorporation ◽  
Vitro Protein

The effects of chloracetamides on protein synthesis were studied both in vivo and in vitro. Four chloracetamide herbicides, alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], CDAA (N–N-diallyl-2-chloroacetamide), and propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide) were tested for inhibition of [3H]-leucine incorporation into protein. Incorporation of3H-leucine into trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-insoluble protein was inhibited in oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Victory’) seedlings grown in sand culture and treated 12 h at 1 × 10−4M with these chloracetamides. The herbicides were also tested in a cell-free protein synthesizing system containing polyribosomes purified from oat root cytoplasm. These herbicides had no effect on the rates of polypeptide elongation nor on the synthesis of specific polypeptides when herbicides (1 × 10−4M) were added directly to the system. Polypeptide formation was inhibited 89% when 1 × 10−4M cycloheximide was added during translation. Cytoplasmic polyribosomes were isolated from oat roots treated 12 h with 1 × 10−4M herbicide. Translation rates and products were not altered when these polyribosomes were added to the in vitro system. Protein synthesis is inhibited when tested in an in vivo system; however, the inhibition does not occur during the translation of mRNA into protein.

Isoproterenol induces a ribosomal modification in the heart and the skeletal muscle of hamsters

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Josette Noël ◽  
Léa Brakier-Gingras
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Translation System ◽  
Synthesis Activity ◽  
And Control

The protein synthesis activity of heart, skeletal muscle and liver polysomes from isoprotenerol-treated and control hamsters has been compared in an in vitro non-inititating translation system. Heart and skeletal muscle polysomes from treated hamsters were less active than controls and required a higher magnesium concentration for optimal protein synthesis. These results suggest that there is a conformational modification in heart and skeletal muscle ribosomes from isoprotenerol-treated hamsters. No such change was observed with ribosomes from the liver of isoproterenol-treated hamsters.

Patterns of protein synthesis in imaginal discs of drosophila melanogaster

Cell ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Rodgers ◽  
Allen Shearn
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Imaginal Discs

scholarly journals Multiple gene control of the tRNA aminoacylating system in Drosophila melanogaster

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Rose ◽  
Ralph Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Modifier Genes ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Trna Aminoacylation ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARYThe stimulation of in vitro tRNA aminoacylation by post-microsomal supernatant enzymes isolated from Abnormal Abdomen (A53g) adult flies is a function of the residual genome of these flies rather than of the major mutant gene, A53g. Genes controlling this stimulation are located on the X chromosome as well as on the autosomes. These observations are discussed in terms of the phenotypic effect of the major mutant gene in response to changes in protein synthesis which are under the control of modifier genes responsible for aberrant genetic translation mechanisms.

Aspects of RNA and protein synthesis in imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster

1968 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Fristrom ◽  
L. Brothers ◽  
V. Mancebo ◽  
D. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis
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