scholarly journals ATTACHMENT OF INTRANUCLEAR ANNULATE LAMELLAE TO THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

1968 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Everingham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Oocyte Nucleus ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Centrifugal Forces

Oocytes of four species of ascidians were examined with the electron microscope. Prior to fixation, oocytes were subjected to centrifugal forces of 10–15,000 g for 5–10 min and were compared with uncentrifuged oocytes. Intranuclear annulate lamellae (IAL) are distributed uniformly around the periphery of the nucleus of the uncentrifuged oocyte. Centrifugation produces a marked flattening of the oocyte nucleus, migration of nucleoli to the centrifugal end, and often a condensation of the nucleoplasm at the centrifugal end. In contrast, the distribution of IAL is unchanged by centrifugation. Furthermore, numerous IAL profiles appear to be touching the nuclear envelope, and, in a few of these, direct continuity of the IAL with the nuclear envelope is demonstrated.

scholarly journals THE RABBIT ZYGOTE

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bela J. Gulyas
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Nuclear Pores ◽  
Late Anaphase ◽  
Dense Nucleus

The formation of the blastomere nucleus was examined in the rabbit zygote with the electron microscope. In late anaphase the chromosomes are bare and vesicles of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are numerous in the vicinity of the chromosomes. In early telophase individual chromosomes attain their own nuclear envelope and they are called karyomeres. The envelope of the karyomeres contains small gaps within it at several places where the chromatin is exposed to the cytoplasm. Nuclear pores are also observed. In the cytoplasm short annulate lamellae appear adjacent to the karyomeres, and clusters of punctate substance are also present. From early telophase onward the karyomeres extend pseudopod-like structures, called karyopods, which extend toward other karyomeres or karyopods, and consequently fuse together and serve as chromosomal bridges. Eventually all of the karyomeres fuse into a dense nucleus and decondensation of the chromosomes occurs.

scholarly journals INTRANUCLEAR AND CYTOPLASMIC ANNULATE LAMELLAE IN TUNICATE OOCYTES

1965 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Granular Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fusion Process ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Stages Of Growth

Electron microscope studies were made on various tunicate oocytes at different stages of growth and development. Both the inner and outer lamellae of the perforated nuclear envelope demonstrate considerable blebbing activity. The blebs of the inner lamella detach into the nucleoplasm where they undergo a special type of fusion process resulting in the formation of numerous, usually single, differentiated annulate lamellae of various lengths. The blebbing of the outer layer of the nuclear envelope contributes to the vesicular and granular endoplasmic reticulum characteristically present in the ooplasm and perhaps to the differentiation of cytoplasmic annulate lamellae as well. Cytoplasmic stacks of annulate lamellae frequently have ribosomes associated with them. In addition, granular accumulations are sometimes observed around or between the annuli. The morphological evidence suggests that, at least in many cases, the annuli in the annulate lamellae are patent.

Behaviour of annulate lamellae during the maturation of oocytes in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

Development ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Imoh
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Progesterone Treatment

The distribution of annulate lamellae, electron-dense masses, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes in longitudinal sections of newt oocytes at several stages of progesteroneinduced maturation was recorded with an electron microscope equipped with a drawing device. Annulate lamellae in full-grown oocytes occur in close contact with electron-dense masses and the nuclear envelope and elsewhere. Stacks of annulate lamellae increase in number for 6 h after progesterone treatment. Meanwhile, they segregate into three groups. The largest group, comprising about 75% of total stacks, forms a row parallel to and just beneath the oocyte cortex of both the animal and vegetal hemispheres, a second group is distributed in the middle area of the vegetal hemisphere, and a third group appears near the yolk-free cytoplasm formed at the vegetal side of the germinal vesicle during the maturation. About 6 h after progesterone treatment the annulate lamellae begin to disappear at their places of localization and none is found a few hours after germinal vesicle breakdown. No immediate fine-structural change in the cortical area follows the disappearance of subcortical annulate lamellae. The possible origins and fates of annulate lamellae in the maturing newt oocytes are discussed.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF ANNULATE LAMELLAE IN OOCYTES OF NECTURUS

1963 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Chains

Developing oocytes, ranging from approximately 0.1 to 1.0 mm in diameter, in Necturus were studied with the electron microscope. The outer layer of the nuclear envelope is actively engaged in the formation of vesicular elements along most of its surface, especially in smaller oocytes. Groups of vesicles appear to be released into the ooplasm at about the same time, resulting in long chains of individual vesicles immediately adjacent to the nuclear membrane. This process is repeated so that chains of vesicles grouped in rather ordered ranks extend progressively into the surrounding cytoplasm. Eventually, the cytoplasm becomes more concentrated with chains of vesicles and the distance between the individual rows becomes less. Very soon after a chain of vesicles has been budded off from the nuclear membrane, fine intervesicular connections appear between certain of the vesicles comprising the rows. Several of the vesicles in a row may then fuse, forming short, flattened cisternae. Fusion of vesicles continues, individual rows of vesicles become more closely packed and, finally, regions appear in the cytoplasm which have the appearance of annulate lamellae. Further growth of the lamellae appears to occur by the progressive fusion of vesicles at the ends of those lamellae already present, as well as by the addition of other fusing rows of vesicles.

Membranous alterations in the cytoplasm and nucleus in a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the brain

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
C. N. Sun ◽  
C. Araoz ◽  
H. J. White
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
The Brain

The ultrastructure of a cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor has been reported previously. In the present case, we will present some unusual previously unreported membranous structures and alterations in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the tumor cells.Specimens were cut into small pieces about 1 mm3 and immediately fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer for two hours, then post-fixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide for one hour. After dehydration, tissues were embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.In the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, we found paired cisternae (Fig. 1) and annulate lamellae (Fig. 2) noting that the annulate lamellae were sometimes associated with the outer nuclear envelope (Fig. 3). These membranous structures have been reported in other tumor cells. In our case, mitochondrial to nuclear envelope fusions were often noted (Fig. 4). Although this phenomenon was reported in an oncocytoma, their frequency in the present study is quite striking.

scholarly journals The Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Golgi Structures in Maize Root Cells

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gordon Whaley ◽  
Hilton H. Mollenhauer ◽  
Joyce E. Kephart
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Maize Root ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Vesicular Structure

Maize root tips were fixed in potassium permanganate, embedded in epoxy resin, sectioned to show silver interference color, and studied with the electron microscope. All the cells were seen to contain an endoplasmic reticulum and apparently independent Golgi structures. The endoplasmic reticulum is demonstrated as a membrane-bounded, vesicular structure comparable in many aspects to that of several types of animal cells. With the treatment used here the membranes appear smooth surfaced. The endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the nuclear envelope and, by contact at least, with structures passing through the cell wall. The nuclear envelope is characterized by discontinuities, as previously reported for animal cells. The reticula of adjacent cells seem to be in contact at or through the plasmodesmata. Because of these contacts the endoplasmic reticulum of a given cell appears to be part of an intercellular system. The Golgi structures appear as stacks of platelet-vesicles which apparently may, under certain conditions, produce small vesicles around their edges. Their form changes markedly with development of the cell.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON NUCLEI USING CORRELATED CYTOCHEMICAL, LIGHT, AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE TECHNIQUES

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montrose J. Moses
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Primary Spermatocyte ◽  
Feulgen Reaction ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Pas Reaction ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Careful Comparison ◽  
Positive Nature

In this paper, a procedure for correlating electron microscope and light microscope cytochemical studies using immediately adjacent serial thin and thick sections has been described and discussed. This technique, combined with the Feulgen reaction for DNA, has been of particular value in framing and answering both general and specific questions about the nucleus. The results may be summarized as follows:— Apparent nuclear homogeneity in the electron microscope is not due to loss of DNA as evidenced by positive Feulgen reactions in such nuclei. Arrangement of Feulgen-positive material in chromosomes, heterochromatin, perinuclear and perinucleolar chromatin, etc., is similar to that customarily observed in the light microscope but this is not necessarily reflected in a cursory survey of the electron image. Careful comparison of light and electron images shows that fine differences in structure are associated with chromatin localization. Primary spermatocyte prophase chromosomes of crayfish have been positively identified by their Feulgen-positive nature. Core-like axial structures in such chromosomes have been observed (9) and are described further. A remarkable feature of spermiogenesis in the crayfish is an elaboration of the nuclear envelope of the spermatid accompanying the formation of what becomes a mass of convoluted membranes in the sperm. In the spermatid, perinuclear chromatin follows outpocketings of the nuclear envelope into the cytoplasm. In the early sperm, on the other hand, although the nuclear envelope is continuous with the system of convoluted membranes, the chromatin is distinct from it and is retained in the nucleus proper by some mechanism independent of the nuclear envelope. None of the above observations was apparent from the electron microscope images alone; they were possible only by virtue of the correlated cytochemical and electron microscope study of adjacent sections. The successful use of other cytochemical tests, such as the PAS reaction for certain carbohydrates, in such correlated studies is also described.

scholarly journals Postmitotic annulate lamellae assembly contributes to nuclear envelope reconstitution in daughter cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (27) ◽  
pp. 10383-10391 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Ren ◽  
Guangwei Xin ◽  
Mingkang Jia ◽  
Shicong Zhu ◽  
Qiaoyu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Annulate Lamellae ◽  
Daughter Cells

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE ELECTRON-OPAQUE PORE MATERIAL ON EXCHANGES THROUGH THE NUCLEAR ANNULI

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl M. Feldherr
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Amoeba Proteus ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
High Concentrations

To investigate the extent to which the electron-opaque pore material can regulate nucleocytoplasmic exchanges which occur through the nuclear annuli, experiments were performed in which polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated colloidal gold particles (25 to 170 A in diameter) were microinjected into the cytoplasm of amebas (Amoeba proteus). The cells were fixed at various times after injection and examined with the electron microscope in order to determine the location of the gold particles. High concentrations of gold were found associated with the pore material at specific points adjacent to and within the pores. It is tentatively suggested that such specific accumulations could be a means of selecting substances from the cytoplasm for transport through the pores. Particles were also scattered throughout the ground cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. A comparison of the diameters of particles located in these two regions showed that the ability of materials to penetrate the nuclear envelope is a function of their size. It was estimated that the maximum size of the particles able to enter the nucleus is approximately 125 to 145 A indiameter. The regulation of exchanges with regard to particle size is thought to be dependent on the specific organization of the electron-opaque pore material.

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