scholarly journals An Oligodendrocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule at the Site of Assembly of the Paranodal Axo-Glial Junction

2000 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Tait ◽  
Frank Gunn-Moore ◽  
J. Martin Collinson ◽  
Jeffery Huang ◽  
Catherine Lubetzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Node Of Ranvier ◽  
Septate Junction ◽  
Adhesion Zone ◽  
Paranodal Junctions ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Two major isoforms of the cell adhesion molecule neurofascin NF186 and NF155 are expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). We have investigated their roles in the assembly of the node of Ranvier and show that they are targeted to distinct domains at the node. At the onset of myelination, NF186 is restricted to neurons, whereas NF155 localizes to oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming glia of the CNS. Coincident with axon ensheathment, NF155 clusters at the paranodal regions of the myelin sheath where it localizes in apposition to the axonal adhesion molecule paranodin/contactin-associated protein (Caspr1), which is a constituent of the septate junction-like axo-glial adhesion zone. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that neurofascin is a glial component of the paranodal axo-glial junction. Concentration of NF155 with Caspr1 at the paranodal junctions of peripheral nerves is also a feature of Schwann cells. In Shiverer mutant mice, which assemble neither compact CNS myelin nor normal paranodes, NF155 (though largely retained at the cell body) is also distributed at ectopic sites along axons, where it colocalizes with Caspr1. Hence, NF155 is the first glial cell adhesion molecule to be identified in the paranodal axo-glial junction, where it likely interacts with axonal proteins in close association with Caspr1.

scholarly journals Neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule interacts with neurons and astroglia via different binding mechanisms

1988 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Grumet ◽  
GM Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glia Cell ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Cellular Assays ◽  
Meningeal Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Binding Mechanisms

The neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM) is present in the central nervous system on postmitotic neurons and in the periphery on neurons and Schwann cells. It has been implicated in binding between neurons and between neurons and glia. To understand the molecular mechanisms of Ng-CAM binding, we analyzed the aggregation of chick Ng-CAM either immobilized on 0.5-micron beads (Covaspheres) or reconstituted into liposomes. The results were correlated with the binding of these particles to different types of cells as well as with cell-cell binding itself. Both Ng-CAM-Covaspheres and Ng-CAM liposomes individually self-aggregated, and antibodies against Ng-CAM strongly inhibited their aggregation; the rate of aggregation increased approximately with the square of the concentration of the beads or the liposomes. Much higher rates of aggregation were observed when the ratio of Ng-CAM to lipid in the liposome was increased. Radioiodinated Ng-CAM on Covaspheres and in liposomes bound both to neurons and to glial cells and in each case antibodies against Ng-CAM inhibited 50-90% of the binding. Control preparations of fibroblasts and meningeal cells did not exhibit significant binding. Adhesion between neurons and glia within and across species (chick and mouse) was explored in cellular assays after defining markers for each cell type, and optimal conditions of shear, temperature, and cell density. As previously noted using chick cells (Grumet, M., S. Hoffman, C.-M. Chuong, and G. M. Edelman. 1984 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 81:7989-7993), anti-Ng-CAM antibodies inhibited neuron-neuron and neuron-glia binding. In cross-species adhesion assays, binding of chick neurons to mouse astroglia and binding of mouse neurons to chick astroglia were both inhibited by anti-Ng-CAM antibodies. To identify whether the cellular ligands for Ng-CAM differed for neuron-neuron and neuron-glia binding, cells were preincubated with specific antibodies, the antibodies were removed by washing, and Ng-CAM-Covasphere binding was measured. Preincubation of neurons with anti-Ng-CAM antibodies inhibited Ng-CAM-Covasphere binding but similar preincubation of astroglial cells did not inhibit binding. In contrast, preincubation of astroglia with anti-astroglial cell antibodies inhibited binding to these cells but preincubation of neurons with these antibodies had no effect. Together with the data on Covaspheres and liposome aggregation, these findings suggested that Ng-CAM-Covaspheres bound to Ng-CAM on neurons but bound to different molecules on astroglia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule promotes leukocyte trafficking into the central nervous system

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Cayrol ◽  
Karolina Wosik ◽  
Jennifer L Berard ◽  
Aurore Dodelet-Devillers ◽  
Igal Ifergan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Leukocyte Trafficking ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Early events in node of Ranvier formation during myelination and remyelination in the PNS

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOROTHY P. SCHAFER ◽  
ANDREW W. CUSTER ◽  
PETER SHRAGER ◽  
MATTHEW N. RASBAND
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Action Potential ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Node Of Ranvier ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Nav Channels ◽  
Node Formation ◽  
Peripheral Node

Action potential conduction velocity increases dramatically during early development as axons become myelinated. Integral to this process is the clustering of voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels at regularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheath called nodes of Ranvier. We show here that some aspects of peripheral node of Ranvier formation are distinct from node formation in the CNS. For example, at CNS nodes, Nav1.2 channels are detected first, but are then replaced by Nav1.6. Similarly, during remyelination in the CNS, Nav1.2 channels are detected at newly forming nodes. By contrast, the earliest Nav-channel clusters detected during developmental myelination in the PNS have Nav1.6. Further, during PNS remyelination, Nav1.6 is detected at new nodes. Finally, we show that accumulation of the cell adhesion molecule neurofascin always precedes Nav channel clustering in the PNS. In most cases axonal neurofascin (NF-186) accumulates first, but occasionally paranodal neurofascin is detected first. We suggest there is heterogeneity in the events leading to Nav channel clustering, indicating that multiple mechanisms might contribute to node of Ranvier formation in the PNS.

GlialCAM, an immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule is expressed in glial cells of the central nervous system

Glia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Favre-Kontula ◽  
Alexandre Rolland ◽  
Lilia Bernasconi ◽  
Maria Karmirantzou ◽  
Christine Power ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
The Central Nervous System
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