Donnan Dialysis with Ion-Exchange Membranes. III. Diffusion Coefficients Using Ions of Different Valence

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROFUMI MIYOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Donnan Dialysis

scholarly journals Effect of fixed charge group concentration on salt permeability and diffusion coefficients in ion exchange membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Kamcev ◽  
Cara M. Doherty ◽  
Kian P. Lopez ◽  
Anita J. Hill ◽  
Donald R. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Fixed Charge ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Group Concentration

Rapid, On-Line Preconcentration, Matrix Normalization, and Signal Enhancement for Flame Atomic Absorption via Tubular Donnan Dialysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1231-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Koropchak ◽  
Ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Signal Enhancement ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Donnan Dialysis ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Enhancement Factors ◽  
On Line

The application of tubular ion-exchange membranes for on-line use with flame atomic absorption (FAA) was investigated. Signal enhancement factors as high as 22 were observed within five minutes for a variety of cations. Enhancements improved with lower pH receiver solutions, increased tubing length, and increased temperature. Optimum receiver flow rates were a compromise between optima for independent Donnan dialysis or FAA experiments. Low anion interferences were observed for phosphate-to-calcium mole ratios up to 80.

Ion Diffusion Coefficients in Ion Exchange Membranes: Significance of Counterion Condensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (15) ◽  
pp. 5519-5529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Kamcev ◽  
Donald R. Paul ◽  
Gerald S. Manning ◽  
Benny D. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Counterion Condensation ◽  
Ion Diffusion

scholarly journals Preparation of PVA-Based Hollow Fiber Ion-Exchange Membranes and Their Performance for Donnan Dialysis

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Higa ◽  
Yuriko Kakihana ◽  
Takehiro Sugimoto ◽  
Kakuya Toyota
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Donnan Dialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Hollow fiber type cation-exchange (C-HF) membranes and hollow fiber type anion-exchange (A-HF) membranes were prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based copolymer with cation-exchange groups and by blending PVA and polycation, respectively, by a gel fiber spinning method. In order to control the water content of the hollow fiber membranes, the membranes were cross-linked physically by annealing, and then cross-linked chemically by using glutaraldehyde (GA) solutions at various GA concentrations. The outer diameter of C-HF and A-HF membranes were ca. 1000 μm and ca. 1500 μm, respectively, and the thickness of the membranes were ca. 170 μm and 290 μm, respectively. Permeation experiments were carried out in two Donnan dialysis systems, which included mixed 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M CaCl2/C-HF /3 × 10−4 M CaCl2 and mixed 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M NaNO3/A-HF/3 × 10−4 M NaNO3 to examine ionic perm selectivity of the membranes. In the Donnan dialysis experiments using C-HF membranes, uphill transport of the divalent cations occurred, and, in the case of A-HF membranes, uphill transport of NO3− ions occurred. C-HF and A-HF membranes had about half of the flux in the uphill transported ions and also about half of the selectivity between the uphill transport ions and driven ions in comparison with those of the commercial flat sheet cation-exchange membrane (Neosepta® CMX) and anion-exchange membrane (Neosepta® AMX). Yet, IEC of C-HF and A-HF membranes were about one fifth of CMX and less than half of AMX, respectively. Since hollow fiber membrane module will have higher packing density than a flat membrane stack, the hollow fiber type ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) prepared in this study will have a potential application to a Donnan dialysis process.

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