ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF STERIC-BLOCK OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TARGETING THE HIV-1 TRANS-ACTIVATION RESPONSE AND PACKAGING SIGNAL STEM-LOOP RNAS

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Brown ◽  
Andrey A. Arzumanov ◽  
John J. Turner ◽  
Dmitry A. Stetsenko ◽  
Andrew M. L. Lever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Activation Response ◽  
Hiv 1

The major HIV-1 packaging signal is an extended bulged stem loop whose structure is altered on interaction with the gag polyprotein

2000 ◽  
Vol 301 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315
Author(s):  
Amanda Zeffman ◽  
Stuart Hassard ◽  
Gabriele Varani ◽  
Andrew Lever
Keyword(s):  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Gag Polyprotein ◽  
Hiv 1

Stem-loop SL4 of the HIV-1 Ψ RNA packaging signal exhibits weak affinity for the nucleocapsid protein. structural studies and implications for genome recognition

2001 ◽  
Vol 314 (5) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya K. Amarasinghe ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Matthew Miskimon ◽  
Kalola J. Chancellor ◽  
Jasmine A. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Rna Packaging ◽  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Genome Recognition ◽  
Rna Packaging Signal ◽  
Hiv 1

NMR structure of stem-loop SL2 of the HIV-1 Ψ RNA packaging signal reveals a novel A-U-A base-triple platform 1 1Edited by I. Tinoco

2000 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya K Amarasinghe ◽  
Roberto N De Guzman ◽  
Ryan B Turner ◽  
Michael F Summers
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Structure ◽  
Rna Packaging ◽  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Rna Packaging Signal ◽  
Hiv 1

NMR structure of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein bound to stem-loop SL2 of the Ψ-RNA packaging signal. implications for genome recognition 1 1Edited by P. Wright

2000 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya K Amarasinghe ◽  
Roberto N De Guzman ◽  
Ryan B Turner ◽  
Kalola J Chancellor ◽  
Zeng Rong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Nmr Structure ◽  
Rna Packaging ◽  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Genome Recognition ◽  
Rna Packaging Signal ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals The Zinc Content of HIV-1 NCp7 Affects Its Selectivity for Packaging Signal and Affinity for Stem-Loop 3

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Lianmei Xu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Binding Property ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Packaging Signal ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Virus Maturation ◽  
Gag Polyprotein ◽  
Zinc Finger Motifs ◽  
Hiv 1

The nucleocapsid (NC) protein of human immunodeficiency (HIV) is a small, highly basic protein containing two CCHC zinc-finger motifs, which is cleaved from the NC domain of the Gag polyprotein during virus maturation. We previously reported that recombinant HIV-1 Gag and NCp7 overexpressed in an E. coli host contains two and one zinc ions, respectively, and Gag exhibited much higher selectivity for packaging signal (Psi) and affinity for the stem-loop (SL)-3 of Psi than NCp7. In this study, we prepared NCp7 containing 0 (0NCp7), 1 (NCp7) or 2 (2NCp7) zinc ions, and compared their secondary structure, Psi-selectivity and SL3-affinity. Along with the decrease of the zinc content, less ordered conformations were detected. Compared to NCp7, 2NCp7 exhibited a much higher Psi-selectivity and SL3-affinity, similar to Gag, whereas 0NCp7 exhibited a lower Psi-selectivity and SL3-affinity, similar to the H23&H44K double mutant of NCp7, indicating that the different RNA-binding property of Gag NC domain and the mature NCp7 may be resulted, at least partially, from their different zinc content. This study will be helpful to elucidate the critical roles that zinc played in the viral life cycle, and benefit further investigations of the functional switch from the NC domain of Gag to the mature NCp7.

scholarly journals SUMOylation of SAMHD1 at Lysine 595 is required for HIV-1 restriction in non-cycling cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Martinat ◽  
Arthur Cormier ◽  
Joëlle Tobaly-Tapiero ◽  
Noé Palmic ◽  
Nicoletta Casartelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Viral Restriction ◽  
Antiviral Function ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Constitutively Active

AbstractSAMHD1 is a cellular triphosphohydrolase (dNTPase) proposed to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcription in non-cycling immune cells by limiting the supply of the dNTP substrates. Yet, phosphorylation of T592 downregulates SAMHD1 antiviral activity, but not its dNTPase function, implying that additional mechanisms contribute to viral restriction. Here, we show that SAMHD1 is SUMOylated on residue K595, a modification that relies on the presence of a proximal SUMO-interacting motif (SIM). Loss of K595 SUMOylation suppresses the restriction activity of SAMHD1, even in the context of the constitutively active phospho-ablative T592A mutant but has no impact on dNTP depletion. Conversely, the artificial fusion of SUMO2 to a non-SUMOylatable inactive SAMHD1 variant restores its antiviral function, a phenotype that is reversed by the phosphomimetic T592E mutation. Collectively, our observations clearly establish that lack of T592 phosphorylation cannot fully account for the restriction activity of SAMHD1. We find that SUMOylation of K595 is required to stimulate a dNTPase-independent antiviral activity in non-cycling immune cells, an effect that is antagonized by cyclin/CDK-dependent phosphorylation of T592 in cycling cells.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, and antiviral activity of a series of CD4-mimetic small-molecule HIV-1 entry inhibitors

2021 ◽  
pp. 116000
Author(s):  
Francesca Curreli ◽  
Shahad Ahmed ◽  
Sofia M. Benedict Victor ◽  
Ildar R. Iusupov ◽  
Evgeny A. Spiridonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Entry Inhibitors ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Flavonol 7-O-Glucoside Herbacitrin Inhibits HIV-1 Replication through Simultaneous Integrase and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Áy ◽  
Attila Hunyadi ◽  
Mária Mezei ◽  
János Minárovits ◽  
Judit Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Integrase Inhibitor ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Antiretroviral Activity

Here we report the evaluation of the antiretroviral effect of two flavonoid 7-O-glucosides, herbacitrin (1) and gossypitrin (2), together with quercetin (3), a well-studied flavonol. Antiviral activity of the flavonoids was assessed by analyzing HIV-1 p24 core protein levels in the supernatants of HIV-1 infected MT-4 and MT-2 cell cultures. The compounds showed mild to weak cytotoxic activities on the host cells; herbacitrin was the strongest in this regard (CC50=27.8 and 63.64 μM on MT-4 and MT-2 cells, respectively). In nontoxic concentrations, herbacitrin and quercetin reduced HIV-1 replication, whereas gossypitrin was ineffective. Herbacitrin was found to inhibit reverse transcriptase at 21.5 μM, while it was a more potent integrase inhibitor already active at 2.15 μM. Therefore, our observations suggest that herbacitrin exerts antiretroviral activity through simultaneously acting on these two targets of HIV-1 and that integrase inhibition might play a major role in this activity.

Modeling and solution structure probing of the HIV-1 TAR stem-loop

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Critchley ◽  
I. Haneef ◽  
Diane J. Cousens ◽  
Peter G. Stockley
Keyword(s):  
Solution Structure ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Structure Probing ◽  
Hiv 1
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