Melt Mixing as Method to Disperse Carbon Nanotubes into Thermoplastic Polymers

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Pötschke ◽  
Arup R. Bhattacharyya ◽  
Andreas Janke ◽  
Sven Pegel ◽  
Albrecht Leonhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymers ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Disperse Carbon

Wet Powder Metallurgy Process for Dispersing Carbon Nanotubes and Fabricating Magnesium Composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 759 ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Tao Hou ◽  
Wen Bo Du ◽  
Zhao Hui Wang ◽  
Xian Du ◽  
Chao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Interface Bonding ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Process ◽  
Disperse Carbon ◽  
Effective Dispersion ◽  
Metallurgy Process

A wet powder metallurgy (WPM) process was developed to disperse carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and to fabricate the CNTs reinforced Mg matrix (CNTs/Mg) composite. The dispersion effect of CNTs were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), respectively. Results showed that the CNTs were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of Mg powder. Adequate bonding and good interfacial interaction between the CNTs and Mg matrix contributed to the efficient load transferring from the CNTs to Mg matrix under a mechanical force. Furthermore, no brittle MgO was formed on the surface and it was beneficial to improving the adhesion of the CNTs to Mg matrix. With 0.5 wt.% CNTs addition, the CNTs/Mg composite experienced remarkable enhancements in tensile stress of 28% and Young’s modulus of 24%. The reasons responsible for these enhancements are suggested as the effective dispersion of the CNTs and the good interface bonding between the CNTs and Mg matrix.

Dielectric and Thermomechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kanapitsas ◽  
E. Logakis ◽  
C. Pandis ◽  
I. Zuburtikudis ◽  
P. Pissis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Percolation Threshold ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polypropylene Nanocomposites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Permittivity Measurements ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this work is to examine the dielectric, electrical and thermo-mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) filled polypropylene nanocomposites formed by melt-mixing. To that aim dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) and dymamic mechanical analysis (DTMA) were employed. The results are discussed in terms of nucleating action of MWCNT and interfacial polymer-filler interactions. Special attention is paid to percolation aspects by both ac conductivity measurements for the samples which are above the percolation threshold and permittivity measurements for the samples which are below percolation threshold.

Compression Moulding of Thermoplastic Nanocomposites Filled with MWCNT

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Quadrini ◽  
Denise Bellisario ◽  
Loredana Santo ◽  
Felicia Stan ◽  
Fetecau Catalin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Multi-walled carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs) were melt-mixed with three different thermoplastic matrices (polypropylene, PP, polycarbonate, PC, and thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU) to produce nanocomposites with three different filler contents (1, 3, and 5 wt.%). Initial nanocomposite blends (in the shape of pellets) were tested under differential scanning calorimetry to evaluate the effect of the melt mixing stage. Nanocomposite samples were produced by compression moulding in a laboratory-scale system, and were tested with quasi-static (bending, indentation), and dynamic mechanical tests as well as with friction tests. The results showed the effect of the filler content on the mechanical and functional properties of the nanocomposites. Compression moulding appeared to be a valuable solution to manufacture thermoplastic nanocomposites when injection moulding leads to loss of performance. MWCNT-filled thermoplastics could be used also for structural and functional uses despite, the present predominance of electrical applications.

Selective Dispersion of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Segmented Polyurethane with Different Melt Mixing Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Kittimon Jirakittidul ◽  
Krittaya Khrongsakun ◽  
Kannika Khongkhaw ◽  
Kusuman Nernplod
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Segmented Polyurethane ◽  
Soft Segments ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Lcr Meter ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polyurethanes (PU) have been widely used in many applications since their properties can be tailored as desire. In order to improve their electrical property, PU is incorporated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The effects of different mixing times and temperatures on selective dispersion of MWCNT in segmented PU were studied. Furthermore, segmented PU based on two different soft segments; i.e. polyester (PU-ester) and polyether (PU-ether), were used. PU/MWCNT nanocomposites were prepared by an internal mixer for 4-12 minutes at 190-210°C. FESEM, DSC and LCR meter were used to characterize morphology and thermal properties. It was found that MWCNT were dispersed in soft segment of PU-ether. Good MWCNT dispersion was able to achieve at high temperature with short mixing time or low temperature with long mixing time. On the other hand, PU-ester/MWCNT nanocomposites, MWCNT preferred to disperse in hard segment and could be dispersed well in PU-ester at low mixing temperature.

Evaluation of mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube-based ethylene–propylene copolymer composites mixed by masterbatch dilution

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (29) ◽  
pp. 4093-4101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Hoikkanen ◽  
Minna Poikelispää ◽  
Amit Das ◽  
Uta Reuter ◽  
Wilma Dierkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Mixing Method

A two-step masterbatch mixing technique was studied for preparation of carbon nanotube-filled ethylene–propylene diene elastomer compounds, and compared to conventional one-step mixing process. In the two-step process, a masterbatch compound with carbon nanotube content of 50 parts per hundred was prepared by melt-mixing ethylene–propylene diene elastomer. This material was then compounded with pristine ethylene–propylene diene elastomer and composites with different carbon nanotube concentrations were compared. The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of two different mixing processes on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes and to facilitate the handling of carbon nanotubes, as the masterbatch can be prepared in a controlled way and used for further dilution without the problems related to carbon nanotube processing. The compound properties were studied with emphasis on mechanical characterization and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Masterbatch mixing resulted in the similar mechanical properties of the composites compared to the direct mixing method. At the relatively low loadings of carbon nanotubes, the considerable improvements of the mechanical properties were observed. The aspect ratio of the carbon nanotubes determined by transmission electron microscope was found to be similar to the one calculated from the Guth equation. It showed a considerable reduction in aspect ratio independent of the used mixing method.

scholarly journals Electrical and rheological percolation behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced poly(phenylene sulfide) composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ribeiro ◽  
RB Pipes ◽  
ML Costa ◽  
EC Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Percolation Behavior ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

Polyphenylene sulfide-based nanocomposites filled with unmodified multiwalled carbon nanotubes from 0.5 wt% to 8.0 wt% have been prepared by melt mixing technique with a single-screw extruder and hot press. Transmission electronic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis were carried out in order to assess the multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersion throughout the polyphenylene sulfide matrix. Electrical conductivity of the polymer was dramatically enhanced by about 11 decades between 2.0 wt% and 3.0 wt% of nanotubes, suggesting the formation of three-dimensional conductive network within the polymeric matrix. The storage modulus (G′) of neat polyphenylene sulfide presented an increase by two orders of magnitude when 2.0 wt% of pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes was considered, with the formation of an interconnected nanotube structure, indicative of “pseudo-solid-like” behavior. In addition, percolation networks were formed when the loading levels achieve up to 1.5 wt% for multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polyphenylene sulfide composites.

Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Carbon Fibers and Carbon Nanotubes Incorporated Polyurethanes Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrul A. Abdullah ◽  
Lars Frormann ◽  
Anjum Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Filler Concentration ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

Single filler polyurethane composites with carbon fibers (CFs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared by melt mixing methods and its thermal as well as electrical resistivity characteristics were investigated. The influences of fillers and mixing methods on thermal and electrical conductivity of CF/- and MWNT/polyurethane composites were investigated and the result shows that the addition of carbon fillers improved the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane composites. Higher filler concentration results in better thermal conductivity because better formation of thermally conductive networks along polymer matrix to ensure the thermal was conducted through the matrix and the network along the polymer composites. The presence of carbon additives improves the electrical resistivity of the materials as well. The present study revealed the potential of carbon as agent for better thermal and electrical conductivities and their properties depend strongly on the dispersion and distribution of the fillers in the polymer matrix.

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