Insulin Resistance, Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference are Independent Risk Factor for High Blood Pressure

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Chul Sung ◽  
Seung Ho Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Independent Risk Factor

scholarly journals The effects of metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy on clinical features of the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Koprivica ◽  
Teodora Beljic-Zivkovic ◽  
Tatjana Ille
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Combined Therapy

Introduction. Insulin resistance is a well-known leading factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic effects of metformin added to sulfonylurea in unsuccessfully treated type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A group of thirty subjects, with type 2 diabetes, secondary sulfonylurea failure and metabolic syndrome were administered the combined therapy of sulfonylurea plus metformin for six months. Metformin 2000 mg/d was added to previously used sulfonylurea agent in maximum daily dose. Antihypertensive and hypolipemic therapy was not changed. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after six months of therapy: glycemic control, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions, homeostatic models for evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion (HOMA R, HOMA B) and C- peptide. Results. Glycemic control was significantly improved after six months of the combined therapy: (fasting 7.89 vs. 10.61 mmol/l. p<0.01; postprandial 11.12 vs. 12.61 mmol/l. p<0.01, p<0.01; glycosylated hemoglobin 6.81 vs. 8.83%. p<0.01). the body mass index and waist circumference were significantly lower (26.7 vs. 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.01 and 99.7 vs. 101.4 cm for men, p<0.01; 87.2 vs. 88.5 for women, p<0.01). Fasting plasma triglycerides decreased from 3.37 to 2.45 mmol/l (p<0.001) and HOMA R from 7.04 to 5.23 (p<0.001). No treatment effects were observed on blood pressure, cholesterol, and residual insulin secretion. Conclusion. Administration of metformin in type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome decreased cardiovascular risk factors by reducing glycemia, triglycerides, BMI, central obesity and insulin resistance.

Abstract P398: Uric Acid And Prehypertension: Salt Intake in Addition to Insulin Resistance are not Mediators.

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo A Lotufo ◽  
Itamar S Santos ◽  
Isabela M Bensenor
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Full Model

Introduction: The association "uric acid and high blood pressure" is still matter of debate. Therefore, to distinguish serum uric acid as an independent factor for high blood pressure can start new trials to prevent hypertension. A paleoantropological rationale for this association was a knockout of uricase occurred during the Miocene among hominids that induced high levels of uric acid. As consequence, during food shortage times, high uric acid had an evolutionary benefit increasing salt-sensitivity for keep blood pressure and rising insulin resistance that maintaining high blood glucose levels provided fuel for the brain. Nowadays, the average levels of uric acid are substantially higher compared to chimpanzees, a uricase-deficient primate, and among remote populations as the yanomamo. Hypothesis: we assessed the hypothesis that the link between uric acid and blood pressure in individuals without hypertension is independent of sex, age, race, salt and alcohol intakes, glucose homeostasis, body-mass index and renal function. Methods: from the 15105 participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) aged 35-74 years, we selected 7954 individuals (median age = 48 years-old; women =58.1; White = 56.6%) without hypertension, diabetes, previous cardiovascular diseases. The presence or not of prehypertension (7th JNC criteria) was the dependent variable and quartiles (Q) of serum uric acid, the independent variable. We applied an unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. After this, according to our hypothesis, we added the following variables: (1) 24-hour urinary sodium; (2) log Homeostasis Model Assessment (fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) х fasting insulin (mg/dL)/450), and (3) a full model, adding race, body-mass index, alcohol intake, and glomerular filtration rate by CKD-epi). Results: the uric acid quartiles ranges (md/dL) were Q1 ≤ 4.1; Q2:4.2-5.0; Q3:5.1-6.0; Q4: ≥ 6.1 and the number of participants were Q1= 1909; Q2=2029; Q3=2000; Q4= 2016. Considering Q1 as reference, the age-sex adjusted odds ratios (95% Confidence Interval) through the quartiles were: Q2= 1.22 (1.05-1.41); Q3= 1.40 (1.20-1.63); Q4= 2.03 (1.71-2.39) [P for trend <0.001]. Adding 24 hour urinary sodium, the ORs (95% CI) were: Q2= 1.19 (1.01-1.40); Q3= 1.37 (1.16-1.62); and 1.94 (1.61-2.33) [P for trend <0.001]. Adding HOMA-IR, the ORs (95% CI) were: Q2= 1.14 (0.97-1.34); Q3= 1.25(1.05-1.48); and Q4=1.62(1.34-1.96) [P for trend <0.001]. Finally, for the full model the ORs were Q2= 1.04 (0.88-1.23); Q3= 1.05 (0.88-1.26) and Q4= 1.32(1.08-1.62) [P for trend <0. 01]. Conclusion: Uric acid levels were correlated to prehypertension among a middle-aged urban population. It occurred independently of other variables classically associated to high blood pressure or the origin of higher uric acid in hominids.

High blood pressure and its relationship to adiposity in a school-aged population: body mass index vs waist circumference

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Rodrigues Tebar ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
Breno Quintella Farah ◽  
Edner Fernando Zanuto ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Aged Population

scholarly journals Association of body mass index and waist circumference with high blood pressure in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Kun He ◽  
Hao Zhao ◽  
Xueqi Hu ◽  
Chunyu Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between obesity and prevalent high blood pressure in older adults has predominantly been estimated using categorical measures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), masking the shape of the dose-response relationship. We aimed to examine the precise relationship of BMI, WC with high blood pressure and to assess the appropriate level of BMI and WC for high blood pressure. Methods We examined data for 126,123 individuals in Xinzheng city aged ≥60 years from a population based study from January to December 2019. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationship and the appropriate level of BMI and WC for high blood pressure. An additive interaction analysis was used to test synergistic effects between a higher BMI and WC for high blood pressure. Results The full-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of an increase of 1 kg/m2 in BMI and 1 cm in WC for high blood pressure were 1.084 (1.080–1.087) and 1.026(1.024–1.027), respectively. Multivariable adjusted restricted cubic spline analyses showed the nonlinear relationships of BMI and WC with high blood pressure in both men and women (all P < 0.001). The risk of high blood pressure increased steeply with increasing BMI from ≥25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females, respectively. And we observed a significant additive interaction between a higher BMI and WC such that the prevalence of high blood pressure was significantly enhanced. Conclusion These findings suggest increased high blood pressure prevalence in the older adults with increased BMI and WC. BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 and WC ≤ 88 cm or 86 cm for males and females may be the best suggestion with regard to primary prevention of high blood pressure in older adults.

scholarly journals Anthropometric indicators as predictors of high blood pressure among the Ao tribe of North-East India

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Temsutola Maken ◽  
Lalmunlien Robert Varte
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Conicity Index

Objective: Hypertension is related to increased body fat, which can be evaluated by anthropometric indicators among the Aos, a tribe of North-East India. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 1804 Ao adults (male= 890) (females= 914) aged 18 to 70 years. We considered the following anthropometric indicators: body mass index, waist circumference, waist-tohip ratio and waist-to-stature ratio. To identify predictors of high blood pressure, we adopted the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves with a confidence interval of 95%. Result: For males, the area under curve with confidence intervals were BMI = 0.691 (0.67-0.712); waist circumference=0.757 (0.739-0.775); waist-to-hip ratio=0.692 (0.671-0.713); waist-to-stature ratio = 0.763 (0.745-0.781) and Conicity index = 0.734 (0.716-0.716). For females, the values were BMI = 0.754 (0.732-0.776); waist circumference = 0.762 (0.74-0.784); waist-to-hip ratio = 0.690 (0.668-0.784), waist-to-stature ratio=0.776 (0.753-0.799) and Conicity index=0.722 (0.701-0.743). Different cut off points of anthropometric indicators with better predictive power and their relevant sensitivities and specificities were identified. Conclusion: BMI does not show a very good area under the ROC curve. It seems that waist-to-stature ratio is the best predictor, followed by waist circumference and Conicity index among the males and results in high sensitivity and specificity to hypertension. We suggest the use of both waistto- stature ratio and waist circumference to predict hypertension among males. Among females, waist-to-stature ratio is the best predictor, followed by waist circumference and body mass index. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.6275 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 4(2013) 15-22

Increase in Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Is Associated with High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents in Mexico City

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Flores-Huerta ◽  
Miguel Klünder-Klünder ◽  
Lorenzo Reyes de la Cruz ◽  
José Ignacio Santos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure
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