Metal Binding in Estuarine Humic and Fulvic Acids: FTIR Analysis of Humic Acid-Metal Complexes

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 923-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Alberts ◽  
Z. Filip
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids

EFFECT OF HUMIC AND FULVIC ACIDS ON MICROBIAL GROWTH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milanka Radulovic ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Mitrovski
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Strength Medium

Peat is a natural substrate for growth of microorganisms because it is rich in compounds that microorganisms can use as sources of carbon, nitrogen and growth factors. Peat originating from Vlasina lake in Eastern Serbia is especially rich in organic matter. The content of humic substances (humic acid, fulvic acid and humine) is almost twice that found in other peat-rich regions of similar origin and geochemical age. Humic and fluvic acids are known to promote microbial growth. In this work, humic and fulvic acids were first extracted from Vlasina lake peat and then added to minimal medium (synthetic, low ionic strength medium). The humic substances were added separately and combined in a 1:1 ratio by mass to study their individual and combined effect on microbial growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (Gr–), Staphyloccocus aureus (Gr+) i Aureobasidium pullulans, strain CH-1. The microbial growth was measured microspectrophotometrically over a 24-hour period and growth curves were obtained for a range of acid concentrations between 25 µg cm-3 and 100 µg cm-3. It was found that both humic and fulvic acids promote the growth of all three microorganisms by up to a maximum of 40%-80% the extent of which varied with the concentration of the acid and the identity of the microorganism. In general, humic acid was found to result in higher microbial growth (at highest concentrations, up to ~80% for all three microbial species).

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPOST, HUMIC ACID AND PURE FULVATE ON IMPROVEMENT OF ULTISOL SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Resman ◽  
Sahta Ginting ◽  
Muhammad Tufaila ◽  
Fransiscus Suramas Rembon ◽  
Halim
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Al

The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of compost containing humic and fulvic acids, and pure humic and fulvic acids in increasing of Ultisol soil chemical properties. The research design used a randomized block design (RBD), consisting of 10 treatments, namely K0: 0 g polybag-1, KO1: 500 g polybag-1, KO2: 500 g polybag-1, KO3: 500 g polybag-1, KO4: 500 g polybag-1, KO5: 500 g polybag-1, KO6: 500 g polybag-1, KO7: 500 g of polybags-1, H: 50 g of polybag-1, A: 500 g polybag-1. Each treatment was repeated three times and obtained 30 treatment units. The results showed that pH H2O (K0: 4.49, KO1: 5.64, KO2: 5.47, KO3: 5.43, KO4: 5.51, KO5: 5.39, KO6: 5.48, KO7: 6.17, H: 5.06, F: 5.15), total-N (%) (K0: 0.13, KO1: 0.17, KO2: 0.18, KO3: 0.30, KO4: 0.25, KO5: 0.24, KO6: 0.29, KO7: 0.36, H: 0.16, F: 0.14), organic-C (%) (K0: 1.85, KO1; 2.30, KO2: 2.24, KO3: 2.33, KO4: 2.62, KO5: 2.25, KO6: 2.27, KO7: 2.95, H: 2.32, F: 2.26) , available-P (%) (K0: 2.75, KO1: 3.24, KO2: 3.16, KO3: 3.27, KO4: 3.57, KO5: 3.31, KO6: 3.37, KO7: 3.89, H: 3.10, F: 3.12), exchangeable-Al (me100g-1) (K0: 2.51, KO1: 2.11, KO2: 2.13, KO3: 2.15, KO4: 1.88, KO5: 2.14, KO6: 2.12, KO7: 1.75, H: 2.16, F: 2.17), base saturation (%) (K0: 30.91, KO1: 63.48, KO2: 52.63, KO3: 53.76, KO4: 56.13, KO5: 54.96, KO6: 56.71, KO7: 65.53, H: 39.11, F: 42.76), cation exchange capacity (me100g-1) (K0: 12.76, KO1: 15.64, KO2: 14.86, KO3: 14.35, KO4: 14.13, KO5: 15.01, KO6: 15.50, KO7: 17.94, H: 14.19, F: 13.73). The combined compost treatment of three types of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica + Rice straw + Glincidia sepium) is more effective in increasing the pH, H2O as 37.42%, total-N as 176.92%, Organic-C as 59.46%, available-P as 41.45%, base saturation as 65.53%, cation exchange capacity as 17.94% and exchangeable -Al, Alreduction as 30.28% of ultisol soil. KEY WORDS: compost, humic acid, fulvate, soil chemical, ultisol

scholarly journals Development of methods for the separation and characterization of natural organic matter in dam water

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Pinkie Sobantu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Vaal Dam

This project arose out the need for a simple method to analyse NOM on a routine basis. Water samples were obtained from the Vaal dam, which is one of the dams used by a hydroelectric power station. Analysis was preceded by separation of NOM into the humic and non-humic portions. The humic portion was separated into two fractions by employing a non-ionic resin (DAX-8) to separate humic acid from fulvic acid. High performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), equipped with an Ultraviolet( UV) detector and an Evaporative Light Scattering (ELS) detector connected in series, was used to obtain molecular weight distribution information and the concentration levels of the two acids. Mixed standards of polyethylene oxide/glycol were employed to calibrate the selected column. Suwanee River humic acid standard was used as a certified reference material. The molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of the isolated fractions of humic and fulvic acids were determined with ELSD detection as weight-average (Mw), number-average (Mn) and polydispersity (ρ) of individual NOM fractions. The Mw/Mn ratio was found to be less than 1.5 in all the fractions, indicating that they have a low and narrow size fraction. An increase in Mn and Mw values, with increasing wavelength for all three humic substances (HS) examined was observed. The HS, isolated from the dam water, was found to be about the same molecular weight as the International Humic Acid Standard (IIHSS). For the fulvic acid standard, the molecular weight was estimated to be around 7500 Da. Characterization of NOM was done to assist in the identification of the species present in the water. FTIR-ATR was used to as a characterization tool to identify the functional groups in the structure of the humic and fulvic acid respectively present in the Vaal Dam. Analysis of the infrared (IR) spectra indicated that the humic acids of the Vaal dam have phenolic hydroxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, conjugated double bond of aromatic family (C=C), and free carboxyl groups. The isolation method has proved to be applicable and reliable for dam water samples and showed to successfully separate the humic substances from water and further separate the humic substances into its hydrophobic acids, namely, humic and fulvic acids. It can be concluded that the Eskom Vaal dam composes of humic substance which shows that the technique alone gives a very good indication of the characteristics of water. The HPSEC method used, equipped with UV and ELSD was able to identify the molecular weight range of NOM present in source water as it confirmed that the Eskom Vaal dam contains humic substances as humic acid and fulvic acid and these pose a health concern as they can form disinfectant byproducts in the course of water treatment with chemicals. FTIR characterization was successful as important functional groups were clearly assigned. Lastly, the use of the TOC and DOC values to calculate SUVA was also a good tool to indicate the organic content in water. It is recommended to use larger amounts of water must be processed to obtain useful quantities of the humic and fulvic acid fractions.

Uranium(VI) complexation with citric, humic and fulvic acids

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Lenhart ◽  
S.E. Cabaniss ◽  
P. MacCarthy ◽  
Bruce D. Honeyman
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Ph Dependence ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Binding Model ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Mononuclear Complexes ◽  
Large Size

The binding of uranium(VI) by Suwannee River humic and fulvic acids was studied at pH values of 4.0 and 5.0 in 0.10 M NaClOBoth humic and fulvic acids were demonstrated to strongly bind U(VI), with humic acid forming slightly stronger complexes and exhibiting greater pH dependence. Analyses of the data for the humic and fulvic acid systems using the Schubert´s equation previously applied to the citrate system result in an apparent nonintegral number of ligands binding the uranyl ion. Schubert´s method is only appropriate for interpreting mononuclear complexes with integral moles of binding ligands. Thus, a more elaborate binding model was required and the data were interpreted assuming either: (1) a mixture of 1:1 and 1:2 uranyl-ligand complexes or (2) a limited number of high affinity sites forming a 1:1 complex. While both of these modeling approaches are shown to provide excellent fits to the data, the second is deemed more appropriate given the large size of humic and fulvic acid molecules as well as previous results obtained with other metal cations, such as Cu(II).

scholarly journals Isolation of bioactive substance from pure mumie

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
T Enkh-Oyun ◽  
Ts Tsatsralt ◽  
J Bayarmaa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Bioactive Substance

Mumie contains humid and fulvic acids. For this study, pure mumie was fractionated into fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) fractions. Humic and Fulvic Acids are highly active bioregulators, and also they contain both macro- and micro-nutrients needed by human and animal bodies. Mumie is stone like material found in Mongolia at higher altitude, which has various medical applications in Mongolia and other Asian countries [2,3]. In the present study, the biological activity of mumie and its fractions was measured. Fractions were prepared according to the protocol described by I. A. Scheretkin and A.I. Khlebnikov. Both humic and fulvic acids can be obtained with the yields of 5.3% and 18.6 % respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.213 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.33-35

scholarly journals Biochar changes in soil based on quantitative and qualitative humus compounds parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek ◽  
Krzysztof Gondek ◽  
Michał Kopeć ◽  
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Humic Acid Carbon

Abstract Due to the indisputable significance of humus in many biochemical processes as well as its increasing deficit particularly in light soils, alternative sources of substrates for the reproduction of this constituent should be sought. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of wheat straw and wheat straw biochar (in four rates) on quantitative and qualitative humus parameters. The following properties were determined in soil: pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, humic and fulvic acids, carbon in the extract, non-hydrolysing carbon and spectrophotometric indexes for solution of humic acids including A2/6, A2/4, A4/6. After applying 1% and 2% additions of biochar to the soil, the Corg soil content significantly increased compared to the same doses of thermally unconverted straw. After 254 days of incubation, the addition of biochar to soil at higher doses, decreased the share of humic acid carbon (CHA, CFA) in the Corg content compared to treatments without organic additions and WS treatment. The nonhydrolysing carbon soil content was significantly increased by treatments with 1% and 2% additions of WSB, which indicates greater stabilisation of humus compounds and, at the same time, lower CO2 emission. Soil humic acids amended by treatment with biochar, especially at 1% and 2% doses, were characterised by lower A2/6 and A2/4 ratios. Recognition of changes that may occur in the quantitative and qualitative composition of soil humus after the application of biochar may in the future be helpful information for determining appropriate biochar dose.

HUMIC AND FULVIC ACIDS IN SEDIMENTS AND SOILS OF AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. WHITBY ◽  
M. SCHNITZER
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Chemical Structures

Humic and fulvic acids were extracted from suspended and bottom sediments and soils of small agricultural watersheds of Southern Ontario and characterized by chemical and spectrophotometric methods and by chemical degradation. Soil humic and fulvic acids were found to be similar to sediment humic and fulvic acids, respectively, in elemental and functional group composition and in surface structural features. Metal-binding capacities of sediment and soil humic and fulvic acids were estimated from their CO2H and phenolic OH group contents. Because watershed soils contained per unit weight considerably more humic materials than did adjacent bottom sediments, the metal-binding capacity due to humic and fulvic acids in the watershed soils was considerably higher than that due to humic and fulvic acids in the sediments. Major products resulting from the alkaline KMnO4 oxidation of soil and sediment humic and fulvic acids were benzenecarboxylic and phenolic acids. The chemical, spectrophotometric and degradation data indicated that sediment and soil humic substances had similar chemical structures.

CHEMISTRY OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES EXTRACTED FROM AN ARCTIC SOIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SCHNITZER ◽  
E. VENDETTE
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Near Surface

A humic and a fulvic acid, extracted from the Ahb horizon of an earth hummock occurring on an Alpine Tundra (Brunic Turbic Cryosol) in the northern part of the Mackenzie river in the Northwest Territories, were characterized by elementary and functional group analyses and by optical measurements. To obtain more detailed structural information, the humic acid, the major organic fraction in the soil extract, was degraded by alkaline permanganate and alkaline cupric oxide oxidation. The degradation products were identified on a gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric–computer system. The analytical characteristics of the Arctic humic and fulvic acids were similar to those reported in the literature for humic and fulvic acids from more moderate climates. However, effects of near-surface permafrost and harsh Arctic climatic conditions manifested themselves in the degradation data. Compared to humic acids from warmer climates, the Arctic humic acid appeared to be poorly developed, exhibiting a low degree of condensation and aromaticity, a low resistance to mild chemical oxidants, yielding only very small amounts of benzenepolycarboxylic acids higher than the di-forms, but relatively large quantities of aliphatic carboxylic acids, especially the n-C16 and n-C18 fatty acids.

scholarly journals Forms of Gold and Arsenic in Surface Sediments at the Novye Peski Gold Deposit and Their Sorption by Humic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Vera Korshunova ◽  
Marina Charykova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Modelling Process

Forms of gold and arsenic, as one of the main pathfinders, were researched in the podzolic, illuvial, and parent material horizons of podzol soil at the Novye Peski gold deposit. Forms of gold and arsenic were studied with the sequential extraction method. The results of this study showed that the main forms of gold are water-soluble, bound to organic matter, and “insoluble”; for arsenic: bound to Fe and Mn-(oxy)hydroxides and bound to organic matter. The form bound to organic matter was considered in detail and gold and arsenic were analyzed in humic and fulvic acids solutions extracted from podzol soil. It was determined that gold is mainly bound to humic acid (HA), and arsenic to fulvic acid. Due to the prevalence of the form of gold bound to humic acid, the modelling process of different gold and arsenic (III) contents sorption on solid humic acid were observed and data on quantity of adsorbed ions per unit mass of HA and recovery ratio were obtained. More than 90% gold recovery rate was observed for concentrations less than 10 µg/cm3 and for arsenic it was in a range of 8–15%.

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