The moderating effects of teaching method, learning style and cross-cultural differences on the relationship between expatriate training and training effectiveness

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Yueh Lee ◽  
Chia-Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Training Effectiveness ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training ◽  
Expatriate Training

scholarly journals The role of subnational cultural value on animosity: the China-South Korea THAAD crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeoung Yul Lee ◽  
Joong In Kim ◽  
Alfredo Jiménez ◽  
Alessandro Biraglia
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study examines the impact of situational and stable animosities on quality evaluation and purchase intention while also testing the moderating effects of within- and cross-country cultural distance. It focuses on the case of the US THAAD missile defense system deployment in South Korea (hereafter, Korea) and investigates how the resulting Chinese consumers' animosity affects their quality evaluation of, and purchase intention toward, Korean cosmetics.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes a quantitative approach based on a survey and structural equation modeling. The sample comprises 376 Chinese consumers from 19 Chinese regions.FindingsThe results indicate that both stable and situational animosities are negatively associated with purchase intention toward Korean cosmetics. However, their effects on quality evaluation are different. While stable animosity is negatively related to product quality evaluation, situational animosity has no such negative association. Finally, the cultural distance between Chinese regions and Korea strengthens the negative relationship between stable and situational animosities and purchase intention.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes by better unraveling the effects of stable and situational animosities on perceived product quality. The empirical context is unique because it allows the authors to investigate the relationship between Chinese antagonism toward the THAAD deployment in Korea and Chinese consumers' stable and situational animosities in terms of their quality evaluation of, and purchase intention toward, imported Korean cosmetics. Hence, this study contributes to the literature on consumer animosity by empirically testing the moderating effect of within- and cross-country cultural distance on the relationship between stable and situational animosities and purchase intention.Practical implicationsThe study has relevant practical implications, notably for Korean exporters' marketing management and within- and cross-cultural management. The results suggest that countermeasures are needed because Chinese consumers' stable and situational animosities are negatively related to their purchase intention toward Korean cosmetics. Moreover, the findings provide the insight that when foreign firms export culture-sensitive products to a large, multicultural country, their managers should pay attention to within- and cross-cultural differences simultaneously.Originality/valuePrevious studies have shown that the effects of animosity on product evaluation and purchase intention differ depending on the animosity dimension, product type, country and the situation causing animosity, among others. However, the existing literature on animosity has neglected the reality that within-cultural differences in a single large emerging market are relevant to explaining the concept of animosity and its effect on the purchase intention toward culture-sensitive products. Furthermore, none of the animosity studies have touched on the important moderating role of within- and cross-cultural differences between a large and multicultural importing country and a brand's home country in this manner. Therefore, the study fills this gap by empirically examining whether different moderating effects of stable and situational animosities exist for a specific conflict situation caused by a military issue and investigates the causes of these different effects.

Dialecticism in Close Relationships and Marriage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Cross ◽  
Ben C. P. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores how the cultural framework of dialecticism can be applied in research on romantic relationships. Using cross-cultural data from dating and married individuals, the chapter first examines the predictions that East Asians, as compared to Westerners, are more ambivalent and realistic in their perceptions of their partners, perceive lower similarity with their partners, and are more motivated to adjust and change themselves in the relationship. It then discusses research on cross-cultural differences in emotional experience among couples and relationship cognitions (e.g., the concept of Yuan and focalism). In sum, it is suggested that cross-cultural differences in how individuals think, feel, and act in romantic relationship contexts can be understood through the theoretical perspective of dialecticism. However, more empirical studies are needed to explore the influence of dialectical thinking on relationship development and maintenance across cultural contexts.

The Biological Basis of Cross-Cultural Differences in Personality: Blood Group Antigens

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Eysenck
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Relationship

The present study extends previous work on the relationship between personality and blood group antigens to the consideration of cross-cultural differences. It is shown that for both neuroticism and extraversion, correlations between frequency of blood group antigens and personality over different countries are in the predicted direction. This is in line with hypotheses implicating genetic factors in the causation of differences in personality. Data also are given for the personality dimension of psychoticism, but for this no predictions were made.

scholarly journals Tatiana G. Stefanenko’s Impact to the Development of Ethnopsychological Research in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-208
Author(s):  
Yuri E. Shirkov ◽  
Aydan A. Azimzade ◽  
Ulkar U. Hasanova ◽  
Leyla Z. Novruzova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article provides a brief historical survey of the Azerbaijani school of ethnopsychological research, revealing the role of T.G. Stefanenko in its development. The authors present the results accumulated during the first years of ethnopsychological studies in Baku under the direct supervision of T.G. Stefanenko: (1) features of the ethnic identity of adolescents from Azerbaijani and Azerbaijani-Russian families; (2) cross-cultural differences in the value orientations of students living in Azerbaijan and Russia; and (3) the relationship of the time perspective and characteristics of ethnic identity among representatives of Azerbaijani and Russian cultures.

Cross-cultural effects of self-discrepancy on the consumption of counterfeit branded luxuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 972-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiongen Xiao ◽  
Chunyu Li ◽  
Ling Peng
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Self Discrepancy ◽  
The Impact

PurposeConsumers’ motivations for purchasing counterfeit branded luxuries are a topic of heated discussion amongst academics and practitioners. Drawing on self-discrepancy theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of actual-ideal self-discrepancy on consumers’ attitudes towards counterfeit branded luxuries. It investigates how self-monitoring and perceived social risk moderate this effect. Furthermore, it explores cross-cultural differences in the impact of actual-ideal self-discrepancy.Design/methodology/approachA pilot study provides preliminary evidence that highlights the importance of actual-ideal self-discrepancy in counterfeit consumption. Based upon a large-scale survey across Hong Kong, the USA and Australia, the principal study explores the moderating effect of self-monitoring and perceived social risk as well as cross-cultural differences.FindingsThe results indicate that self-discrepancy increases consumers’ tendency to engage in symbolic consumption, and that consumption of counterfeit branded luxuries can serve the social function of self-expression to reduce the discomfort induced by self-discrepancy. Self-monitoring and perceived social risk have significant moderating effects, with the former strengthening and the latter attenuating this effect. Moreover, the effect of self-discrepancy is more pronounced amongst individualistic consumers than collectivistic consumers.Originality/valueThis is the first study to highlight the significance of self-discrepancy in the consumption of counterfeit branded luxuries. It examines the important moderating effects of self-monitoring and perceived social risk. Consumers from collectivistic and individualistic cultures define their self-concept differently, thus the findings provide meaningful cross-cultural information on the impact of self-discrepancy in counterfeit consumption.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural differences in social desirability scales: Influence of cognitive ability

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aletta Odendaal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Culture And Language

Orientation: The use of personality tests for selection and screening has been consistently criticised resulting from the risk of socially desirable responding amongst job applicants. Research purpose: This study examined the magnitude of culture and language group meanscore differences amongst job applicants and the moderating effect of race on the relationship between social desirability and cognitive ability. Motivation for the study: The influence of cognitive ability and potential race and ethnic group differences in social desirability scale scores, which can lead to disproportional selection ratios, has not been extensively researched in South Africa. Research design, approach and method: A quantitative, cross-sectional research design, based on secondary datasets obtained from the test publisher, was employed. The dataset consisted of 1640 job applicants across industry sectors. Main findings: Moderated multiple regression analyses revealed that the relationship between social desirability and general reasoning was moderated by culture and language, with group differences in social desirability being more pronounced at the low general reasoning level. This suggests that social desirability scales may be an ambiguous indicator of faking as the scales may indicate tendency to fake, but not the ability to fake, that is likely to be connected to the level of cognitive ability of the respondent.Practical/managerial implications: Individual differences in social desirability are not fully explained by cognitive ability as cultural differences also played a role. Responding in a certain manner, reflects a level of psychological sophistication that is informed by the level of education and socio-economic status. In relation to selection practice, this study provided evidence of the potentially adverse consequences of using social desirability scales to detect response distortion. Contribution/value-add: The exploration of cross-cultural differences in the application of social desirability scales and the influence of cognitive ability is seen as a major contribution, supported by possible explanations for the differences observed and recommendations regarding the practice of universal corrections and adjustments.

Cognitive gadgets: A provocative but flawed manifesto

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Del Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cherry Picking ◽  
Dichotomous Thinking

Abstract The argument against innatism at the heart of Cognitive Gadgets is provocative but premature, and is vitiated by dichotomous thinking, interpretive double standards, and evidence cherry-picking. I illustrate my criticism by addressing the heritability of imitation and mindreading, the relevance of twin studies, and the meaning of cross-cultural differences in theory of mind development. Reaching an integrative understanding of genetic inheritance, plasticity, and learning is a formidable task that demands a more nuanced evolutionary approach.

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