Decreasing population blood pressure: 15 years of follow‐up in the Copenhagen City Heart Study (CCHS)

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Overgaard Andersen ◽  
Gorm Jensen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Copenhagen City Heart Study

Abstract P488: Discrimination and Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allana T Forde ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
Paul Muntner ◽  
Tené Lewis ◽  
Amanda Onwuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Low Levels

Background: African Americans have a higher risk for hypertension compared to other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. One possible explanation for this health disparity is perceived discrimination. Few studies have prospectively examined the association between discrimination and the incidence of hypertension. Methods: We examined the associations of everyday, lifetime, and stress from lifetime discrimination with incident hypertension and whether these associations differed by sex, discrimination attribution (i.e. the main reason for the discrimination event), and coping responses to discrimination among African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study. Discrimination was self-reported by 1845 African Americans aged 21 to 85 years without hypertension at baseline (2000-2004). Participants completed two follow-up study visits from 2005-2008 and 2009-2013. We used interval-censored Cox regression to estimate associations of discrimination with incident hypertension (antihypertensive medication use; and/or systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg at follow-up visits 2 or 3) after adjustment for confounding variables. Results: Overall, 52% (954 of 1845) of participants developed hypertension over the follow-up period. After adjustment for age, sex, education and hypertension risk factors (body mass index, alcohol use, smoking, diet and physical activity), medium versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (hazard ratio-HR: 1.45, 95% confidence interval-CI: 1.15-1.82) and high versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (HR: 1.35, CI: 1.08-1.68) were associated with a higher incidence of hypertension. High versus low stress from lifetime discrimination was associated with hypertension risk after adjustment for demographics (HR: 1.20, CI: 1.02-1.41), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for hypertension risk factors (HR: 1.14, CI: 0.97-1.35). Lifetime discrimination and stress from discrimination were associated with an increased hypertension risk among females, but not males. No interactions with age, attribution or coping were present for any type of discrimination. Conclusions: Findings from this study support an association between lifetime discrimination and incident hypertension in African Americans.

scholarly journals The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Is Associated With the Risk of Subsequent Dementia in the Framingham Heart Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Ramos-Cejudo ◽  
Andrew D. Johnson ◽  
Alexa Beiser ◽  
Sudha Seshadri ◽  
Joel Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
History Of

Objective: Active neutrophils are important contributors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology through the formation of capillary stalls that compromise cerebral blood flow (CBF) and through aberrant neutrophil signaling that advances disease progression. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a proxy of neutrophil-mediated inflammation, and higher NLR is found in persons diagnosed with clinical AD. The objective of this study was to investigate whether increased NLR in older adults is independently associated with the risk of subsequent dementia.Methods: We examined associations of baseline NLR with incident dementia risk in the community-based Framingham Heart Study (FHS) longitudinal cohorts. The association between NLR and risk of dementia was evaluated using the cumulative incidence function (CIF) and inverse probability-weighted Cox proportional cause-specific hazards regression models, with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, current smoking status, low-density lipoprotein (LDH), high-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Random forest survival models were used to evaluate the relative predictive value of the model covariates on dementia risk.Results: The final study sample included 1,648 participants with FHS (average age, 69 years; 56% women). During follow-up (median, 5.9 years), we observed 51 cases of incident dementia, of which 41 were AD cases. Results from weighted models suggested that the NLR was independently associated with incident dementia, and it was preceded in predictive value only by age, history of CVD, and blood pressure at baseline.Conclusion: Our study shows that individuals with higher NLR are at a greater risk of subsequent dementia during a 5.9-year follow-up period. Further evaluating the role of neutrophil-mediated inflammation in AD progression may be warranted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document