Blood Pressure and Contributing Factors in Inhabitants of Estonia: 15-year Trends

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
JELENA ABINA ◽  
OLGA VOLOZH ◽  
ELEONORA SOLODKAYA ◽  
MERILEID SAAVA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Contributing Factors

scholarly journals Thoracic Aortic Calcification and Pre-Clinical Hypertension by New 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Guidelines

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Ya-Ting Jan ◽  
Pei-Shan Tsai ◽  
Chris T. Longenecker ◽  
Dao-Chen Lin ◽  
Chun-Ho Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Hypertension Guidelines ◽  
Pressure Threshold ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Calcification

The recently revised 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) hypertension (HTN) guidelines employ a lower blood pressure threshold to define HTN, aiming for earlier prevention of HTN-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Thoracic aortic calcification (TAC), a new surrogate marker of aging and aortic medial layer degeneration, and different stages of HTN, according to the 2017 ACC/AHA HTN guidelines, remain unknown. We classified 3022 consecutive asymptomatic individuals enrolled into four HTN categories using the revised 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines: normal blood pressure (NBP), elevated blood pressure (EBP), and stage 1 (S1) and stage 2 (S2) HTN. The coronary artery calcification score and TAC metrics (total Agaston TAC score, total plaque volume (mm3), and mean density (Hounsfield units, HU)) were measured using multi-detector computed tomography. Compared to NBP, a graded and significant increase in the TAC metrics was observed starting from EBP and S1 and S2 HTN, using the new 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines (NBP as reference; all trends: p < 0.001). These differences remained consistent after being fully adjusted. Older age (>50 years), S1 and S2 HTN, prevalent diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) are all independently contributing factors to higher TAC risk using multivariate stepwise logistic regressions (all p ≤ 0.001). The optimal cutoff values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure were 121, 74, and 45 mmHg, respectively, for the presence of TAC after excluding subjects with known CVD and ongoing HTN medication treatment. Our data showed that the presence of TAC starts at a stage of elevated blood pressure not categorized as HTN from the updated 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines.

Atrial Fibrillation and Hypertension: “Quo Vadis”

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
McCall Walker ◽  
Paras Patel ◽  
Osung Kwon ◽  
Ryan J Koene ◽  
Daniel A. Duprez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ambulatory Setting ◽  
Blood Pressure Goal ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Quo Vadis

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the most well-established risk factors for atrial fibrillation. Long-standing untreated hypertension leads to structural remodeling and electrophysiologic alterations causing an atrial myopathy that forms a vulnerable substrate for the development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. Hypertension-induced hemodynamic, inflammatory, hormonal, and autonomic changes all appear to be important contributing factors. Furthermore, hypertension is also associated with several atrial fibrillation-related comorbidities. As such, hypertension may represent an important target for therapy in atrial fibrillation. Clinicians should be aware of pitfalls of the blood pressure measurement in atrial fibrillation. While the auscultatory method is preferred, the use of automated devices appears to be an acceptable method in the ambulatory setting. There are pathophysiologic bases and emerging clinical evidence suggesting the benefit of renin-angiotensin system inhibition in risk reduction of atrial fibrillation development particularly in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy or left ventricular dysfunction. A better understanding of hypertension’s pathophysiologic link to atrial fibrillation may lead to the development of novel therapies for the primary prevention of atrial fibrillation. Finally, future studies are needed to address optimal blood pressure goal to minimize the risk of atrial fibrillation-related complications.

Blood Pressure and Contributing Factors in Inhabitants of Estonia: 15-Year Trends

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
JELENA ABINA ◽  
OLGA VOLOZH ◽  
ELEONORA SOLODKAYA ◽  
MERILEID SAAVA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Contributing Factors

Identifying Risk Factors of Diabetes using Fuzzy Inference System

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Lazim Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Fuzzy Rules ◽  
Diabetes Research ◽  
Membership Functions ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Output Variable ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Level Of Risk

Identification of the real risk factors of diabetes is still very much inconclusive. In this paper, fuzzy rules based system was devised to identify risk factors of diabetes. The system consists of five input variables: Body Mass Index, age, blood pressure, Creatinine, and serum cholesterol and one output variable: level of risk. Three Gaussian membership functions for linguistic terms are defined for each input variable. The level of risk is defined using three triangular membership functions to represent output variable. Based on the information from patients’ clinical audit reports, the system was used to classify the level of risk of fifty patients that currently undergoing regular diagnosis for diabetes treatment. The system successfully classified the risk into three levels of Low, Medium and High where three main contributing factors toward developing diabetes were identified.<br /> The three risk factors are age, blood pressure and serum cholesterol.<br /> The multi-input system that characterised by IF-THEN fuzzy rules provide easily interpretable result for identifying predictors of diabetes. Research to establish reproducibility and validity of the findings are left for future works.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of hypertension and its relationship with overweight and obesity in adolescents and young adults, Nizamabad city

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3861
Author(s):  
G. Chethan Raj ◽  
Syam Sundar Junapudi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population

Background: The overall imbalance between unhealthy diet intake and physical activity leads to obesity which contributes to high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It is multi factorial disease and changes in the levels of blood pressure and blood lipids differ by age sex and race and are influenced by body fat and dietary patterns. These risk factors need to be monitored and evaluated in childhood and adolescents. So identifying and modifying the risk factors in early age reduces the incidence in adolescents and adult. Prevalence of hypertension varies across countries and states. The prevalence of hypertension in India is reported as ranging from 10 to 30.9%. The objective of the present study is to observe the prevalence hypertension among study population and to study contributing factors for hypertension among study population.Methods: A cross sectional study done on 100 adolescents and young adults of both sexes in the age group 17 to 25 years from 2 degree colleges randomly selected in Nizamabad city, Telangana, India.Results: In the present study population 52 were males and 48 were females, 22 students belongs to rural area and 78 belongs to urban area, pre-hypertension and hypertension was found 8% in both age groups. Overweight and obesity (>25) was found 7% in 17-19 age group and 9% in 20-25 age group. Pre-hypertension and hypertension was found among 10% of alcoholics.Conclusions: The result of our study concluded that there is increasing prevalence of hypertension with increase in age and is associated with overweight and obesity. 

scholarly journals Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Fraga ◽  
Lucas Actis-Goretta ◽  
Javier I. Ottaviani ◽  
Fernando Carrasquedo ◽  
Silvina B. Lotito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Regular Consumption

The consumption of a diet rich in certain flavonoids, including the flavanol sub-class, has been associated with a reduced risk for vascular disease. We evaluated the effects of the regular consumption (14 d) of a flavanol-containing milk chocolate (FCMC) or cocoa butter chocolate (CBC) on variables related to vascular disease risk, oxidative stress and physical activity. Twenty-eight free-living, young (18–20 years old) male soccer players consumed daily 105 g of FCMC (168 mg of flavanols) or CBC (<5 mg of flavanols), as part of their normal diet. The consumption of FCMC was significantly associated with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), mean blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), plasma cholesterol (-11%), LDL-cholesterol (-15%), malondialdehyde (-12%), urate (-11%) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (-11%), and an increase in vitamin E/cholesterol (+12%). No relevant changes in these variables were associated with CBC consumption. No changes in the plasma levels of (-)-epicatechin were observed following analysis of fasting blood samples. In conclusion, FCMC consumption was associated with changes in several variables often associated with cardiovascular health and oxidant stress. The presence of significant quantities of flavanols in FCMC is likely to have been one of the contributing factors to these results.

Oral supplementation with glycine reduces oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome, improving their systolic blood pressure

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 855-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Díaz-Flores ◽  
Miguel Cruz ◽  
Genoveva Duran-Reyes ◽  
Catarina Munguia-Miranda ◽  
Hilda Loza-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Reactive oxygen species derived from abdominal fat and uncontrolled glucose metabolism are contributing factors to both oxidative stress and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was designed to evaluate the effects of daily administration of an oral glycine supplement on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in MetS patients. The study included 60 volunteers: 30 individuals that were supplemented with glycine (15 g/day) and 30 that were given a placebo for 3 months. We analysed thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and S-nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb) in plasma; the enzymatic activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes; and the expression of CAT, GPX, and SOD2 in leukocytes. Individuals treated with glycine showed a 25% decrease in TBARS compared with the placebo-treated group. Furthermore, there was a 20% reduction in SOD-specific activity in the glycine-treated group, which correlated with SOD2 expression. G6PD activity and SNO-Hb levels increased in the glycine-treated male group. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) also showed a significant decrease in the glycine-treated men (p = 0.043). Glycine plays an important role in balancing the redox reactions in the human body, thus protecting against oxidative damage in MetS patients.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of nurse led screening and intervention for common non communicable diseases in a peri urban community of Chandigarh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Damini Paul ◽  
Kavita Kavita ◽  
Jarnail Singh Thakur ◽  
Pooja Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Factor Modification ◽  
Steps Survey

Background: Globally the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are accountable for most of mortality and disability. The Lack of skilled human resources for health is one of the contributing factors for low screening coverage. Nurses plays a vital role, in the early detection and prevention of common NCDs. Objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs on risk factor modifications.Methods: Pre-experimental design was used in the present study. The study was done in slum area Indra colony Chandigarh. A total of 500 individuals aged ≥30 years were enrolled from 2,700 households. All the subjects were screened for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and oral cancer. However in female participants addition screening of breast, and cervical cancer was also done. WHO STEPS survey was used to assess the risk factor of common NCDs. The interventional package on risk factor modifications for prevention of common NCDs was developed and was delivered to all subjects during home visits. The follow up to assess risk factor modifications was done after one month. The primary outcome of the study was risk factor modifications and prevalence of common NCDs.Results: There was significant mean change in systolic blood pressure (0.65±6.31 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (1.19±3.7 mmHg), body mass index (0.95±0.85 kg/m2), and waist circumference (1.5±1.46 cm) among subjects after one month of intervention (p value <0.05).Conclusions: The Nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs was effective in risk factor modification among studied subjects.

Demographic, laboratory, and therapeutic contributing factors of non-dipper blood pressure patterning in diabetes: the Hygia Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e51
Author(s):  
Manuel Dominguez-Sardiña ◽  
Diana E. Ayala ◽  
Luis Piñeiro ◽  
Ana Moya ◽  
Elvira Sineiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Contributing Factors

scholarly journals Effect of mycophenolate mofetil on blood pressure: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilan Cao ◽  
Qianqian Fan ◽  
Xiaoguang Li ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Fengxiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agent ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background: Long-term treatment of immunosuppressive agent have been proved to induce hypertension. The relative efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on blood pressure (BP) is not well known. Identifying the performance of this drug will help to reduce the incidence of the adverse reactions. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published up to December, 2017. We compared blood pressure levels before and after the MMF treatment including systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. We used the Newcastle Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of studies. Analysis was performed using the statistical software Review Manager Version 5.0 and STATA 14.0. Result: We retrieved 6 studies with 208 patients. The data extracted were systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). Study quality was assessed using the method of Jadad, and data were synthesized using a random-effects model and weight mean difference. MMF caused a small reduce in DBP (0.79mmHg, 95% CI, 0.03 to 1.55, P=0.043), with no obvious effect on SBP (0.12mmHg, 95%CI -0.41 to 0.64). In meta-regression, country (china vs. other country), duration of follow-up, percentage of men, and mean age of study participants were proved to be not the contributing factors. Conclusion: The MMF treatment can slightly reduce DBP, but not affect the SBP, which indicated the cardiovascular safety of this immunosuppressive agent.

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