Growth and physiological characterization of low nitrogen responses in Tibetan wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) and cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawad Munawar Shah ◽  
Zeshan Asgher ◽  
Jianbin Zeng ◽  
Xiaoyan Quan ◽  
Essa Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Low Nitrogen

scholarly journals Genotypic Difference in the Responses to Nitrogen Fertilizer Form in Tibetan Wild and Cultivated Barley

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Shama Naz ◽  
Qiufang Shen ◽  
Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba ◽  
Guoping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Cultivated Barley

Nitrogen (N) availability and form have a dramatic effect on N uptake and assimilation in plants, affecting growth and development. In the previous studies, we found great differences in low-N tolerance between Tibetan wild barley accessions and cultivated barley varieties. We hypothesized that there are different responses to N forms between the two kinds of barleys. Accordingly, this study was carried out to determine the response of four barley genotypes (two wild, XZ16 and XZ179; and two cultivated, ZD9 andHua30) under 4Nforms (NO3−, NH4+, urea and glycine). The results showed significant reduction in growth parameters such as root/shoot length and biomass, as well as photosynthesis parameters and total soluble protein content under glycine treatment relative to other N treatments, for both wild and cultivated barley, however, XZ179 was least affected. Similarly, ammonium adversely affected growth parameters in both wild and cultivated barleys, with XZ179 being severely affected. On the other hand, both wild and cultivated genotypes showed higher biomass, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and protein in NO3− treatment relative to other three N treatments. It may be concluded that barley undisputedly grows well under inorganic nitrogen (NO3−), however in response to the organic N wild barley prefer glycine more than cultivated barely.

Population genetics and phylogenetic analysis of the vrs1 nucleotide sequence in wild and cultivated barley

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xifeng Ren ◽  
Yonggang Wang ◽  
Songxian Yan ◽  
Dongfa Sun ◽  
Genlou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Lateral Spikelet ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Barley Population

Spike morphology is a key characteristic in the study of barley genetics, breeding, and domestication. Variation at the six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus is sufficient to control the development and fertility of the lateral spikelet of barley. To study the genetic variation of vrs1 in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare), nucleotide sequences of vrs1 were examined in 84 wild barleys (including 10 six-rowed) and 20 cultivated barleys (including 10 six-rowed) from four populations. The length of the vrs1 sequence amplified was 1536 bp. A total of 40 haplotypes were identified in the four populations. The highest nucleotide diversity, haplotype diversity, and per-site nucleotide diversity were observed in the Southwest Asian wild barley population. The nucleotide diversity, number of haplotypes, haplotype diversity, and per-site nucleotide diversity in two-rowed barley were higher than those in six-rowed barley. The phylogenetic analysis of the vrs1 sequences partially separated the six-rowed and the two-rowed barley. The six-rowed barleys were divided into four groups.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of wild barley populations (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum) from Kazakhstan based on genome wide SNP analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerlan Turuspekov ◽  
Saule Abugalieva ◽  
Kanat Ermekbayev ◽  
Kazuhiro Sato
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling analysis for two Tibetan wild barley genotypes in responses to low nitrogen

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Quan ◽  
Jianbin Zeng ◽  
Lingzhen Ye ◽  
Guang Chen ◽  
Zhigang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Profiling Analysis ◽  
Barley Genotypes

SSR analysis of introgression of drought tolerance from the genome of Hordeum spontaneum into cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp vulgare)

Euphytica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lakew ◽  
R. J. Henry ◽  
J. Eglinton ◽  
M. Baum ◽  
S. Ceccarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

scholarly journals MULTILOCUS STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF HORDEUM SPONTANEUM

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H D Brown ◽  
M W Feldman ◽  
E Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
Complete Independence ◽  
Esterase Loci ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Gametic Phase Disequilibrium ◽  
Gametic Phase

ABSTRACT The association of alleles among different loci was studied in natural populations of Hordeum spontaneum, the evolutionary progenitor of cultivated barley. The variance of the number of heterozygous loci in two randomly chosen gametes affords a useful measure of such association. The behavior of this statistic in several particular models is described. Generally, linkage (gametic phase) disequilibrium tends to increase the variance above the value expected under complete independence. This increase is greatest when disequilibria are such as to maximize the sum of squares of the two-locus gametic frequencies.—When data on several loci per individual are available, the observed variance may be tested for its agreement with that expected under the hypothesis of complete interlocus independence, using the sampling theory of this model. When applied to allozyme data from 26 polymorphic populations of wild barley, this test demonstrated the presence of geographically widespread multilocus organization. On average, the variance was 80% higher than expected under random association. Gametic frequencies for four esterase loci in both of these populations of wild barley and two composite crosses of cultivated barley were analyzed. Most generations of the composites showed less multilocus structure, as measured by the indices of association, than the wild populations.

Evolution of wild barley at “Evolution Canyon”: adaptation, speciation, pre-agricultural collection, and barley improvement

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Ecological Speciation ◽  
Sympatric Speciation ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Evolution Canyon ◽  
World Agriculture ◽  
Cultivated Barley

The present paper reviews the state of cultivated barley,Hordeum vulgare, in Old World agriculture and its domestication through its progenitor, wild barley,Hordeum spontaneum. It focuses on the adaptation, incipient sympatric speciation, and domestication ofH. spontaneumin the “Evolution Canyon” model. The “Evolution Canyon,” at lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel, revealsevolution in actionat a microsite caused by interslope microclimatic divergence across life from viruses and bacteria through fungi, plants, and animals including mammals. The interslope adaptive complexes ofH. spontaneumat “Evolution Canyon” include genetic diversity, drought resistance bydehydrin I, rhizosphere bacteria, andEibi Igene promoter.Isadefense locus and vitamin E components also diverge between the opposite tropical and temperate abutting slopes. A highly likely pre-agricultural collection site ofH. spontaneumis described on the Natufian cemetery of the Oren and Um Usba caves in “Evolution Canyon”. Finally, the paper briefly reviews the remarkable interslope incipient sympatric speciation ofH. spontaneumat “Evolution Canyon”, as is true for other organisms such as bacteria,Drosophila, and spiny mice,Acomys. Sympatric ecological speciation is still controversial and “Evolution Canyon” provides an appropriate site to explore it inH. spontaneumand other organisms across life.

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