Intraspecific variation in muscle and organ growth in three strains of chicken with differential genetic selection for fast growth rate

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (sup001) ◽  
pp. 19-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gavin ◽  
R. M. McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Organ Growth ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

scholarly journals Effects of feed restriction on metabolic disorders in broiler chickens: A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sahraei
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

Continuous genetic selection and improvement in nutrition have led to a very fast growth rate in modern strains of broiler chickens. Metabolic disorders such as ascits, sudden death syndrome and leg problems are related to a rapid early growth rate in poultry, especially in broilers, and their incidence can be decreased by slowing early growth. The use of management tools to reduce metabolic disorders that rely primarily on decreasing feed consumption, The feed restriction programs is on of the main techniques in growth curve manipulation for increasing production efficiency in broiler chicken in alleviate the incidence of some metabolic disorders and can be used to reduction the unfavorable effects of fast growth rate in broiler chicken production industry, and could be profitable in broiler chickens production efficiency. This article implicated on new findings in about different feed restriction programs effects on these problems in broiler chickens.

Issues arising from genetic selection for growth and body composition characteristics in poultry and pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Emmans ◽  
I. Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Fitness Traits ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Rate Selection ◽  
Composition Characteristics

AbstractBreeders of poultry and pigs have selected for some combination of increased growth rate, decreased fatness and increased muscularity. Increasingly various fitness traits are included in the index used. The consequences of such selection include complex effects on nutritional and environmental requirements, at least some of which are reliably predictable using suitable models. Appropriate changes to the environment and to nutrition as selection proceeds will help to avoid unwanted effects occurring. Among the predictable effects are that higher ratios of nutrients to energy, and lower temperatures, will be needed by the improved genotypes. Selection for growth rate must eventually exhaust the capacity of the support systems – digestive, respiratory, circulatory and excretory – to cope with the increased metabolic rate. Selection for increased yield of valuable parts will cause these problems to occur earlier. While it is possible to predict that these problems will occur it cannot be predicted when they will. Breeders need to be aware of these problems, and use all possible routes to help them in reducing their severity. Where the appropriate actions for fitness selection, and nutritional and environmental modifications, are taken the occurrence of the problems will be delayed.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Detection of Selection Signatures in Duroc Revealed Candidate Genes Relating to Growth and Meat Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3765-3773
Author(s):  
Jian Yu ◽  
Pengju Zhao ◽  
Xianrui Zheng ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Chuduan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Selection Signatures ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Pig Genome ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

With the development of high-throughput genotyping techniques, selection signatures in the genome of domestic pigs have been extensively interrogated in the last decade. The Duroc, a major commercial pig breed famous for its fast growth rate and high lean ratio, has not been extensively studied focusing on footprints of intensively artificial selection in their genomes by a lot of re-sequencing data. The goal of this study was to investigate genomic regions under artificial selection and their contribution to the unique phenotypic traits of the Duroc using whole-genome resequencing data from 97 pigs. Three complementary methods (di, CLR, and iHH12) were implemented for selection signature detection. In Total, 464 significant candidate regions were identified, which covered 46.4 Mb of the pig genome. Within the identified regions, 709 genes were annotated, including 600 candidate protein-coding genes (486 functionally annotated genes) and 109 lncRNA genes. Genes undergoing selective pressure were significantly enriched in the insulin resistance signaling pathway, which may partly explain the difference between the Duroc and other breeds in terms of growth rate. The selection signatures identified in the Duroc population demonstrated positive pressures on a set of important genes with potential functions that are involved in many biological processes. The results provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms of fast growth rate and high lean mass, and further facilitate follow-up studies on functional genes that contribute to the Duroc’s excellent phenotypic traits.

scholarly journals Different Transcriptional Responses from Slow and Fast Growth Rate Strains of Listeria monocytogenes Adapted to Low Temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninoska Cordero ◽  
Felipe Maza ◽  
Helen Navea-Perez ◽  
Andrés Aravena ◽  
Bárbara Marquez-Fontt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

Growth Kinetics and Formation of Uniform Self-Assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots at

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 539-542
Author(s):  
Eui Tae Kim ◽  
Anupam Madhukar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Fast Growth Rate ◽  
2D To 3D

We discuss the growth kinetics of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) using two different InAs deposition rates, relatively fast growth rate of 0.22 ML/sec and slow growth rate of 0.054 ML/sec. With increasing InAs deposition amount to 3.0 ML, the QD density was almost constant after 2D to 3D island transition at the slow deposition rate while the QD density kept increasing and the QD size distribution was relatively broad at the fast growth rate. After the 2D to 3D transition, at the slow growth rate, further deposited In adatoms seemed to incorporate primarily into already formed islands, and thus contribute to equalize island size. The photoluminescence (PL) full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 2.5 ML InAs QDs at 0.054 ML/sec was 23 meV at 78K. The PL characteristics of InAs/GaAs QDs were degraded significantly after thermal annealing at 550 oC for 3 hours.

scholarly journals The genome of the largest bony fish, ocean sunfish (Mola mola), provides insights into its fast growth rate

GigaScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailin Pan ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Vydianathan Ravi ◽  
Cai Li ◽  
Alison P. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Bony Fish ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Ocean Sunfish ◽  
Mola Mola ◽  
Fast Growth Rate
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