The World Watch List for Domestic Animal Diversity in the context of conservation and utilisation of poultry biodiversity

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Weigend ◽  
M.N. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
Watch List

Genetic impact assessments – summary of a debate

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pilling
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
Genetic Impact ◽  
Government Interference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Constraints

SummarySome countries have introduced a requirement for genetic impact assessments prior to granting permission for the import of new exotic livestock breeds. However, the merits of such a system are not universally accepted. During February 2007 a discussion on the subject took place on FAO's Domestic Animal Diversity Network (DAD-Net) electronic forum. This paper presents a description of how the discussion developed, and a summary of the issues raised. Arguments both for and against requiring impact assessments were put forward. Those opposing such measures focused on the risks of limiting access to animal genetic resources (AnGR), and questioned the benefits of government interference. Practical constraints to implementation and enforcement were also noted. Counter arguments pointed to the potential for avoiding the loss of valuable AnGR, and stressed governments' responsibilities to intervene where necessary to promote sustainable development, to defend the interests of the poor, or to protect national heritage. The debate ranged more widely — encompassing the respective roles of local and exotic AnGR in different regions of the world and in different production systems.

INTRODUCING THE FIRST WORLD WATCH LIST FOR DOMESTIC ANIMAL DIVERSITY

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Ronan I. oftus
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
First World ◽  
Watch List

SUMMARYThe recently published World Watch List for Domestic Animal Diversity (WWL-DAD) provides the first comprehensive list of endangered livestock breeds worldwide (FAO/LTNEP 1993). This document will function as a global early warning system to help prevent the erosion of livestock genetic resources. Seven species are covered, namely ass, buffalo, cattle, goat, horse, pig and sheep. Within these species, breeds at risk are defined as critical (The Critical Breeds List) or endangered (The Endangered Breeds List) based on the number of breeding females. Although the statistics for these seven species are still incomplete at the time of going to press, over 390 breeds are already known to be at risk.

Preparation of the first report on the state of the world's animal genetic resources. Guidelines for the development of Country Reports

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
The State ◽  
First Report ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
Strategic Policy

These Guidelines are for use in assisting the development of Country Reports as strategic policy documentation covering the state of animal genetic resources, of the art and capacity to manage these resources, and of country needs and priorities.The Guidelines serve to help support conduct of the country-driven State of the World Process for Animal Genetic Resources, preparation for which is being co-ordinated globally by FAO. The Country Reports will serve as the formative documentation in this Process and the involvement of all stakeholders in the development of these Reports is strongly encouraged.A broad range of experts and of countries have contributed to developing the Guidelines, which are designed for use in conjunction with the State of the World Reporting Module of the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System http://www.fao.org/dad-is/ following training and in-country coordination of action.

scholarly journals Re-emergence of animal rabies in northern Greece and subsequent human exposure, October 2012 – March 2013

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Tsiodras ◽  
G Dougas ◽  
A Baka ◽  
C Billinis ◽  
S Doudounakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Rabies Case ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Greece has been rabies-free since 1987 with no human cases since 1970. During 2012 to 2013, rabies has re-emerged in wild and domestic animals in northern Greece. By end March 2013, rabies was diagnosed in 17 animals including 14 red foxes, two shepherd dogs and one cat; 104 subsequent human exposures required post-exposure prophylaxis according to the World Health Organization criteria. Human exposures occurred within 50 km radius of a confirmed rabies case in a wild or domestic animal, and most frequently stray dogs were involved.

Conservation and management of genetic diversity: a domestic animal perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
J SF Barker
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
Gene Complexes ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Primary Focus

In the context of domestic animal diversity, the term "breed" is conventionally used for all recognized populations. There are in total about 5000 breeds, a small proportion of which are in planned programs for genetic improvement, while about 30% are at risk of extinction. The primary focus is on the conservation of breeds, including management for better utilization (breeding programs) and conserving those at risk, with the aim of minimizing the loss of among breed diversity. The majority of the world's breeds are in the developing countries, with production environments that are low to medium input and high stress, and each may be expected to have adapted to its specific environment. Empirical evidence strongly supports the expectation that the genetic basis of population differentiation for fitness traits will be nonadditive, with different adaptive gene complexes evolved in each breed. Genetic improvement programs therefore should start with an adapted population, with selection then for production traits. As not all breeds can be conserved, priorities must be determined. Suggested criteria (breed divergence, risk of breed extinction, breed "merit," and within-breed variation) are presented and evaluated. Similar approaches may be appropriate for the conservation of genetic diversity of forest trees.

scholarly journals Preservation of Biological Diversity of Domestic Animals in Hungary

2002 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Imre Bodó
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Selection Of

Since the 1992 Rio de Janeiro UNO Congress domestic animals belong also officially to the genetic diversity of the world. Non commercial domestic animal breeds should be maintained for many cultural and technical reasons. Conservation and preservation of living beings is nowadays in the programme of many regional, national and international organizations.The preservation of domestic animals is possible in situ (at the original place and conditions) and ex situ (by cryogenic methods).There are three era in the history of preservation of domestic animals: the epoch of spontaneous maintenance, the period of sporadic national activities and the era of international programme.Some of the questions to be solved by scientific research: the principles of selection of the candidate populations for maintenance, the different degrees of endangeredness, the necessary population size to be subsidized, the problem of inbreeding, the best mating systems etc.In Hungary the maintenance of endangered domestic animal breeds is based upon the low.The following breeds are on the list of protected breeds:− the Hungarian Grey cattle,− the Lipizzan, Shagya, Nonius, Gidran, Furioso,Kisbér Halfbred, Murinsulaner and Hucul horses,− the Racka, Tsigai and Cikta sheep,− the Mangalitsa pig,− the Hungarian yellow, white, speckled and the Transsylvanian naked necked hen,− the Bronze Turkey,− the Frizzle Feathered goose.Hopefully in the near future the breeders of traditional domestic animal breeds will find the possible niches for their special products.

scholarly journals Ecotopic infection of cattle with Fasciola gigantica: parasitological and pathological studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
R. Y. AL-Kubaisee ◽  
M. J. Alwan ◽  
B. AL- Kaisee
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pathogenic Effects

Out of 1250 bovine fasciolliasis. 10 cattle were found to have lung fascioliasis, one cow had abomasal fascioliasis and another one wih renal fascioliasis.  The recovered flukes were identified as immature spec imens of Fassciola gigantica .Gross and histopathology of the lesions were studied. The occurrence of Fasciola gigantica in kideny and abomasum was recorded for the first time :  Introduction Infection with Fasciola gigantica is an important cause of disease and economic loss in domestic animals in many parts of the world. Among the effects attributed 10 flucke infection are loss of condition , reduced meat and milk production reduced fertility and rendering of livers unsuitable for human consumpiior. . Severe infection may cause death either directly or indirecily by inzitiating or aggravating bacterial infection (1). One of the reasons making F.gigantica more pathogenic ihan F.hepatica is frequent ecotopic occurence of F.gigantica in most of the domestic animal species (1,2,3). Ectopic ovine F.gigantica infection was reported in spleen, lung, heart, diphragm and portal vein, in additional the liver (4,5). In cattle F.hepatica_ could only produce lesions in the liver but F.gigantica extended its pathogenic effects to the lung tissue (3,6).  The aim of this study is to elucidate the occurence of F.gigantica in organs other than the liver with parasitological and pathological investigation. 

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