scholarly journals Accuracy of self-reported waist and hip measurements in 4492 EPIC–Oxford participants

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Spencer ◽  
Andrew W Roddam ◽  
Timothy J Key
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Hip Measurements ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjective:To assess the accuracy of self-reported waist and hip circumferences and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) by comparison with measured waist and hip circumferences and WHR in a sample of middle-aged men and women.Design:Analysis of measured and self-reported waist and hip data from participants in the Oxford cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC–Oxford).Participants:Four thousand four hundred and ninety-two British men and women aged 35–76 years.Results:Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between measured and self-reported waist, hip and WHR were 0.80, 0.74 and 0.44, respectively, for men and 0.83, 0.86 and 0.62 for women. Waist was underestimated, on average, by 3.1 (standard deviation (SD) 5.6) cm in men and 1.9 (SD 5.4) cm in women. The extent of underestimation was greater in participants with larger waists, older participants and women with greater body mass index (BMI). Hip was underestimated by a mean of 1.8 (SD 4.9) cm in men and 1.2 (SD 4.5) cm in women; the extent of underestimation was greater in participants with larger hip circumference and older participants. On average, WHR was underestimated by less than 2% by men and women; the extent of underestimation was greater among those with larger WHR, older people and those with greater BMI. Using self-reported values, the proportion of classification to the correct tertile was over 65% for waist and hip measurements. For WHR this proportion was 50% among men and 60% among women.Conclusions:Self-reported waist and hip measurements in EPIC–Oxford are sufficiently accurate for identifying relationships in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Dietary flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods: validity and reproducibility of FFQ-derived intake estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 3295-3303
Author(s):  
Yiyang Yue ◽  
Joshua Petimar ◽  
Walter C Willett ◽  
Stephanie A Smith-Warner ◽  
Changzheng Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Random Measurement Error ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Flavonoid Intake

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a 152-item semi-quantitative FFQ (SFFQ) for estimating flavonoid intakes.Design:Over a 1-year period, participants completed two SFFQ and two weighed 7-d dietary records (7DDR). Flavonoid intakes from the SFFQ were estimated separately using Harvard (SFFQHarvard) and Phenol-Explorer (SFFQPE) food composition databases. 7DDR flavonoid intakes were derived using the Phenol-Explorer database (7DDRPE). Validity was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients deattenuated for random measurement error (rs), and reproducibility was assessed using rank intraclass correlation coefficients.Setting:This validation study included primarily participants from two large observational cohort studies.Participants:Six hundred forty-one men and 724 women.Results:When compared with two 7DDRPE, the validity of total flavonoid intake assessed by SFFQPE was high for both men and women (rs = 0·77 and rs = 0·74, respectively). The rs for flavonoid subclasses ranged from 0·47 for flavones to 0·78 for anthocyanins in men and from 0·46 for flavonols to 0·77 for anthocyanins in women. We observed similarly moderate (0·4–0·7) to high (≥0·7) validity when using SFFQHarvard estimates, except for flavonesHarvard (rs = 0·25 for men and rs = 0·19 for women). The SFFQ demonstrated high reproducibility for total flavonoid and flavonoid subclass intake estimates when using either food composition database. The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0·69 (flavonolsPE) to 0·80 (proanthocyanidinsPE) in men and from 0·67 (flavonolsPE) to 0·77 (flavan-3-ol monomersHarvard) in women.Conclusions:SFFQ-derived intakes of total flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses (except for flavones) are valid and reproducible for both men and women.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pre-Analytical Conditions on Blood Metabolomics in Epidemiological Studies

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Santos Ferreira ◽  
Hannah Maple ◽  
Matt Goodwin ◽  
Judith Brand ◽  
Vikki Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Nmr Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
The Impact

Serum and plasma are commonly used in metabolomic-epidemiology studies. Their metabolome is susceptible to differences in pre-analytical conditions and the impact of this is unclear. Participant-matched EDTA-plasma and serum samples were collected from 37 non-fasting volunteers and profiled using a targeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics platform (n = 151 traits). Correlations and differences in mean of metabolite concentrations were compared between reference (pre-storage: 4 °C, 1.5 h; post-storage: no buffer addition delay or NMR analysis delay) and four pre-storage blood processing conditions, where samples were incubated at (i) 4 °C, 24 h; (ii) 4 °C, 48 h; (iii) 21 °C, 24 h; and (iv) 21 °C, 48 h, before centrifugation; and two post-storage sample processing conditions in which samples thawed overnight (i) then left for 24 h before addition of sodium buffer followed by immediate NMR analysis; and (ii) addition of sodium buffer, then left for 24 h before NMR profiling. We used multilevel linear regression models and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients to analyse the data. Most metabolic traits had high rank correlation and minimal differences in mean concentrations between samples subjected to reference and the different conditions tested, that may commonly occur in studies. However, glycolysis metabolites, histidine, acetate and diacylglycerol concentrations may be compromised and this could bias results in association/causal analyses.

Relationships between adolescent body mass index, physical activity, and sensory-processing patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Joan Ziegler Delahunt ◽  
Lisa A. Mische Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Sensory Processing Patterns

Background. Trends show a significant decline with adolescent physical activity (PA). Knowledge regarding how sensory-processing patterns and body mass index (BMI) relate to adolescents’ PA participation is scarce. Purpose. This study investigated if relationships exist between adolescent BMI, sensory processing, and PA participation. Method. This correlational study collected data from 141 adolescents who completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and the Physical Activity Questionnaire–Adolescent. Their BMIs were calculated using self-reported age, height, and weight. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-tailed Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Findings. Adolescents with different sensory-processing patterns reported participation in both similar and distinct PAs. Participation in PA and BMI shared no significant correlation. Sensory sensitivity and BMI total ( rs = –.171, p = .044) and BMI percentile ( rs = –.191, p = .024) demonstrated significant correlations. Analysis revealed a correlation between sensory seeking patterns and PA ( rs = .224, p = .008) as well as correlations among sensory quadrants and participation in specific PAs. Implications. Occupational therapists should consider an adolescent’s sensory preferences when recommending PA interventions.

scholarly journals Concurrent validity of the Sensory Organization Test measures in unilateral transtibial amputees

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasath Jayakaran ◽  
Gillian M Johnson ◽  
S John Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sensory Organization Test ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Sensory Organization ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Transtibial Amputees ◽  
Lower Limb Amputees ◽  
Strategy Score

Background and Aim: The physical asymmetries associated with a prosthesis raises the question of validity of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) measures (equilibrium score (ES) and strategy score (SS)) in lower limb amputees. This study explores the validity of these measures in transtibial amputees by correlating with their corresponding centre of pressure (COP) excursion/velocity measures. Technique: Fifteen transtibial amputees (69.5 ± 6.5 years) completed three trials for each of the six SOT conditions. Discussion: The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between ESs and global COP excursion/velocity measures ranged from 0.52 to 0.71 for Conditions 1, 4 and 5, 0.79 to 0.85 for Conditions 2 and 3, and 0.39 to 0.43 for Condition 6. The coefficients for SSs ranged between 0.78 and 0.97 for Conditions 1 to 5 and 0.55 to 0.67 for Condition 6. The corresponding sound and prosthetic side COP variables demonstrated varying strengths of association with ES and SS. Clinical relevance Of the two clinical measures examined, the SSs are strongly reflective of COP excursion/velocity measures and these findings have application in the interpretation of SOT when evaluating balance in transtibial amputees.

scholarly journals Toward Capturing the Exposome: Exposure Biomarker Variability and Co-Exposure Patterns in the Shared Environment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Kei Chung ◽  
Kurunthachalam Kannan ◽  
Germaine M. Buck Louis ◽  
Chirag J. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemical ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Exposure Biomarker ◽  
Exposure Patterns ◽  
Household Environment ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractBACKGROUND:Along with time, variation in the exposome is dependent on the location and sex of study participants. One specific factor that may influence exposure co-variations is a shared household environment.OBJECTIVES:To examine the influence of shared household and partner’s sex in relation to the variation in 128 endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposures among couples.METHODS:In a cohort comprising 501 couples trying for pregnancy, we measured 128 (13 chemical classes) persistent and non-persistent EDCs and estimated 1) sex-specific differences; 2) variance explained by shared household; and 3) Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (rs) for females, males, and couples’ exposures.RESULTS:Sex was correlated with 8 EDCs including polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) (p< 0.05). Shared household explained 43% and 41% of the total variance for PFASs and blood metals, respectively, but less than 20% for the remaining 11 EDC classes. Co-exposure patterns of the exposome were similar between females and males, with within-classrs higher for persistent and lower for non-persistent chemicals. Medianrss of polybrominated compounds and urine metalloids were 0.45 and 0.09, respectively, for females (0.41 and 0.08 for males), whereas lowerrss for these 2 classes were found for couples (0.21 and 0.04).CONCLUSIONS:Overall, sex did not significantly affect EDC levels in couples. Individual, rather than shared environment, could be a major factor influencing the co-variation of 128 markers of the exposome. Correlations between exposures are lower in couples than in individual partners and have important analytical and sampling implications for epidemiological study.

Do you see the same cat that I see? Relationships between Qualitative Behaviour Assessment and indicators traditionally used to assess temperament in domestic cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
IC Travnik ◽  
AC Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Qualitative Behaviour ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Coding Method

This study into the behaviour of domestic cats (Feliscatus) aimed to assess the relationship between behavioural expressions obtained via the Qualitative Behaviour Assessment (QBA) and quantitative outcomes of temperament tests. Four behavioural tests were used: Unfamiliar person (UP); Novel object (NO); Conspecific reaction (CR); and Food offering (FO) tests. Tests were filmed and assessed using an ethogram that included 25 discrete behavioural categories, generating quantitative information (coding method) on the existing temperament dimensions. Videos were also assessed by another observer using the QBA method, based on a list of 20 adjectives rated in visual analogue scales (rating method). Data were analysed using Principal Component Analysis. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to relate the principal components (PC) of QBA to the temperament dimensions obtained with the coding method. The QBA allowed us to identify three PC, explaining 76.63% of the total variance. PC1 ranged from 'calm/relaxed/friendly' to 'tense/fearful/alert', reflecting the valence of cats' behavioural and emotional expressions towards the stimuli tested. PC2 ranged from 'indifferent' to 'agitated/active', indicating the level of emotional arousal, and PC3 ranged from 'aggressive' to 'suspicious' and could be interpreted as an axis of 'aggressiveness — caution' in response to the stimuli. The first PC obtained for each test by using the coding method was significantly correlated with the PC1 of QBA, suggesting that the variations in cats' behavioural and emotional expressions identified by QBA were correlated with the main quantitative outcomes of temperament tests traditionally applied for domestic cats. QBA could be a promising tool for identifying and differentiating cat temperament profiles. Further research is required to assess the potential use of QBA as a feasible and practical method for use in shelters.

scholarly journals Dose Correlation of Danggui and Chuanxiong Drug Pairs in the Chinese Medicine Prescription Based on the Copula Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhao ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Jiawei Li ◽  
Yunhui Chen ◽  
Anamica Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Copula Function ◽  
Prescription Database ◽  
Irregular Menstruation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient

Dosage is essential for studying the compatibility and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine. Danggui and Chuanxiong are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for ailments and treatment of various disorders. 628 traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions containing Danggui and Chuanxiong were extracted from the self-built prescription database and screened for the three groups of prescriptions, i.e., irregular menstruation, sores, and stroke. We processed and tested the dosage of Danggui and Chuanxiong and selected the optimal copula function, Gumbel copula function, from the Archimedes function family and elliptical copula function family to establish the data model. To establish the presence of a correlation between the dose of Danggui and Chuanxiong, a graph of the joint distribution function of rank correlation coefficients, Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, was used. Our results suggest that the model using the Gumbel copula function better reflects the correlation between the dose of Danggui and Chuanxiong. For irregular menstruation, sores, and strokes, Kendall’s rank correlation coefficients were 0.6724, 0.5930, and 0.7757, respectively, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were 0.8536, 0.7812, and 0.9285, respectively. In all three prescription groups, the dose of Danggui and Chuanxiong was positively correlated, implying that, as the dosage of one drug increases, the dosage of the other increases as well. From the perspective of data mining and mathematical statistics, the use of the copula function model to evaluate the correlation between the prescribed dosage of the two drugs was innovative and provided a new model for the scientific interpretation of the compatibility of traditional drugs. This might also serve to guide the clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine.

scholarly journals Evaluating the muscular strength, functional capacity, and risk of sarcopenia in elderly women who practice Mat Pilates

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
Amanda Mansano de Souza ◽  
Áurea Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Mateus Dias Antunes ◽  
Natália Serra Lovato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract Introduction: Despite the importance of appropriate levels of muscular strength to maintain the functional capacity and a healthy life in old age, the current literature still lacks studies that investigate the profile of elderly women who practice Mat Pilates regarding these variables. Objective: This study aimed to analyze muscular strength, functional capacity, and risk of sarcopenia in elderly women who practiced Mat Pilates. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 50 elderly women who practice Mat Pilates in the city of Maringá, Paraná. Sociodemographic and health questionnaires were used, in addition to tests created by a Latin American development group for maturity called Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino Americano para a Maturidade (GDLAM), sitting-rising test, arm curl test, and SARC-F questionnaire. For data analysis, Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney U tests, as well as Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients, were used. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: The 70-79-year-old elderly women showed worse results in the functional capacity and muscular strength tests of the upper limbs and a higher risk of sarcopenia than the individuals who were under 70 years of age. Muscular strength was inversely related to the reduction of the risk of sarcopenia, and functional capacity was directly associated with this risk. Conclusion: A good functional capacity seems to be related to the reduction of the risk of sarcopenia. Age seems to be an intervening factor for reducing muscular strength levels and functional capacity and increasing the risk of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Female waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index and sexual attractiveness in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Dixson ◽  
Baoguo Li ◽  
A.F. Dixson
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Sexual Attractiveness ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Figure ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

Abstract Men and women at Northwest University (n=751), Xi'an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographs of female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios (WHR). Micrograft surgery involves harvesting adipose tissue from the waist and reshaping the buttocks to produce a low WHR and an ‘hourglass’ female figure. This gynoid distribution of female body fat has been shown to correlate with measures of fertility and health. Significantly larger numbers of subjects, of both sexes, chose post-operative photographs, with lower WHRs, as more attractive than pre-operative photographs of the same women. Some patients had gained, and some had lost weight, post-operatively, with resultant changes in body mass index (BMI). However, these changes in BMI were not related to judgments of attractiveness. These results show that the hourglass female figure is rated as attractive in China, and that WHR, rather than BMI, plays a crucial role in such attractiveness judgments.

scholarly journals Assessing the agricultural trade complementarity of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 464-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Viet
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Asean Countries

This paper aims to investigate the agricultural trade complementarity of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries on the global agricultural market over the period 1997–2015 by employing the trade complementarity index (TCI), the export similarity index (ESI), and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients for competitiveness indicators. The results indicate that: (i) the ASEAN countries’ agricultural export patterns are weakly complementary in matching the regional import demands; while (ii) they are relatively complementary in exporting agricultural products to the world market; (iii) the countries’ agricultural competitiveness patterns are more affected by and benefited from the global integration than the regional integration; and (iv) the countries, moreover, tend to become more substitutable over time. The research results suggest that the ASEAN countries should cooperate and utilise the internal markets to enhance the competitiveness and predominantly focus on the external global markets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document