scholarly journals Is the link between nutrients and foods understood? The case of fibre and folate

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Cashel ◽  
D Crawford ◽  
V Deakin ◽  
B Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Major Food ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectives:To assess and contrast awareness of the link between dietary fibre and folate and their major food sources (fruit, vegetables, bread and cereals).Design and setting:Mailed questionnaire investigating changes made to dietary intake of fibre, folate, fruit, vegetables, bread and cereals in the previous six months.Setting:The survey was conducted between June and November 1998 in the Australian Capital Territory.Subjects:One thousand one hundred and twenty-six adults randomly selected from the electoral roll.Results:More women than men in both older (50 + years) and younger (18–49 years) age groups reported increasing their consumption of folate, fibre, fruit and vegetables in the prior six months. In contrast, more men than women reported increased consumption of bread, cereals, rice and pasta in the previous six months. For food categories and fibre, less than 4% of respondents were unsure about changes in these food habits. However, 26% of men and women were ‘not sure’ about changes to folate intake. Similar proportions of men and women (about 33%) reported consuming more fruit, vegetables or cereal-based foods over the prior six months, yet only 6% of these men and 14% of these women reported consuming more folate. In contrast, 44% of men and 51% of women who reported consuming more plant foods also reported consuming more dietary fibre.Conclusions:The results suggested that subjects, particularly the younger age group, had a poor understanding of the relationship between folate intake and its major food sources. The understanding of the relationship between fibre intake and its food sources appeared substantial, but confusion about specific food sources was still evident. These outcomes question the effectiveness of nutrition education used to date, particularly for the current priority of increasing folate intake in younger women in the new, ‘health claims’ environment.

scholarly journals Dietary fibre in Europe: current state of knowledge on definitions, sources, recommendations, intakes and relationships to health

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Stephen ◽  
Martine M.-J. Champ ◽  
Susan J. Cloran ◽  
Mathilde Fleith ◽  
Lilou van Lieshout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
The Impact

AbstractResearch into the analysis, physical properties and health effects of dietary fibre has continued steadily over the last 40–50 years. From the knowledge gained, countries have developed guidelines for their populations on the optimal amount of fibre to be consumed each day. Food composition tables from many countries now contain values for the dietary fibre content of foods, and, from these, combined with dietary surveys, population intakes have been determined. The present review assessed the uniformity of the analytical methods used, health claims permitted, recommendations and intakes, particularly from national surveys across Europe and around the world. It also assessed current knowledge on health effects of dietary fibre and related the impact of different fibre types on health. The overall intent was to be able to provide more detailed guidance on the types of fibre which should be consumed for good health, rather than simply a total intake figure, the current situation. Analysis of data indicated a fair degree of uniformity in the definition of dietary fibre, the method used for analysis, the recommended amount to be consumed and a growing literature on effects on digestive health and disease risk. However, national dietary survey data showed that intakes do not reach recommendations and very few countries provide guidance on the types of fibre that are preferable to achieve recommended intakes. Research gaps were identified and ideas suggested to provide information for more detailed advice to the public about specific food sources that should be consumed to achieve health benefits.

scholarly journals Biological Characteristics and Medical Treatment of Breast Cancer in Young Women—A Featured Population: Results from the NORA Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pronzato ◽  
G. Mustacchi ◽  
A. De Matteis ◽  
F. Di Costanzo ◽  
E. Rulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Positive Nodal Status ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The present paper described the biological characteristics and clinical behavior of young women in the cohort NORA studyPatients and Methods. From 2000–2002, patients () were enrolled at 77 Italian hospitals. Women aged years () were stratified into age groups (, 36–40, 41–45, and 46–50 years). The relationship between age and patient characteristics, cancer presentation, and treatment was analyzed.Results. Younger women more frequently had tumors with ER/PgR-negative(; ), HER2 amplification (; ), and high () Ki67 labelling index (; ). Positive nodal status, large tumors, and elevated Ki67 all associated with the choice for chemotherapy followed by endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive patients (). At univariate analysis, ER-ve status, chemotherapy and age resulted as the only statistically significant variables (, , and versus , , resp.). At multivariate analysis, after adjustment for significant clinical and pathological factors, age remains a significant prognostic variable (, ).Conclusion. This cohort study suggests that ageper sèis an important prognostic factor. The restricted role of early diagnosis and the aggressive behavior of cancer in this population make necessary the application of targeted medical strategies crucial.

scholarly journals Characteristics of finger indices of hand 1D:3D and 2D:4D in dependence on gender and type of the constitution

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.23) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Andrei I. Perepelkin ◽  
Victor B. Mandrikov ◽  
Alexander I. Krayushkin ◽  
Andrei B. Doronin ◽  
Oksana V. Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Flatbed Scanner ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship

1D:3D and 2D:4D finger ratios of a hand are widely used for research in the field of predisposition of the individual to certain somatic diseases. 299 young people were surveyed in total with the calculation of the Pignet index, using a flatbed scanner and the author's program HandScaner. As part of the study, it was identified that the finger indices of 1D:3D in young men is significantly greater than that of girls in the hypersthenic group by 2% (p<0.05). Finger index of 1D:3D is more by 1% in young men in the normosthenic group, in the asthenic group, the finger index of 1D:3D is more in girls by 1% (p>0.05). When studying the index 2D:4D, there were no statistically significant differences between the left and right hands in young men and women (p>0.05), as well as the relationship with the type of body build. Despite this, many foreign authors note the presence of this connection in males and females in other age groups. In addition, according to foreign authors, this index, as well as in our study, is more in girls in comparison with young men.  

scholarly journals Endothelial function and structural markers of atherosclerosis: relationship in old and senile age

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 4614
Author(s):  
M. S. Troshina ◽  
A. N. Ryabikov ◽  
Yu. Yu. Palekhina ◽  
M. N. Ryabikov ◽  
S. K. Malyutina
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Endothelial dysfunction (ED), intima-media thickness (IMT), and atherosclerotic plaques (ASPs) of the carotid arteries (CAs) are considered mutually associated markers of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis. How true this statement is for older age groups remains unclear.Aim. To study the relationship of flow-dependent vasodilation (FDV) with CA IMT and ASPs in a population sample over 58 years old.Material and methods. The study was carried out in a population sample of men and women aged 58-82 years (Novosibirsk, HAPIEE project, n=788, 424 women). CA ultrasound was performed to assess IMT and ASPs. Endothelial function was assessed by postocclusive hyperemia ultrasound test; an increase in brachial artery initial diameter (FDV%) <10% was regarded as ED.Results. The average IMT in men was 0,95 mm (SD 0,18) and was significantly higher than in women: 0,88 mm (SD 0,17), p<0,001. The average FDV% values in men were 2,7% (SD 7,32), while in women  — 3,2% (SD 7,19) and did not differ significantly by sex. The incidence of ED was 88,2% in men and 85,8% in women. There was no a significant linear relationship between FDV and IMT neither in men (β=-1,76, SD 2,25, p=0,436), nor in women (β=-2,19, SD 2,15, p=0,309). Also, there were no differences in average IMT and ASP frequency in the groups with and without ED among men and women. When divided into age groups, ED was associated with an increase in IMT only in women aged <78 versus women without ED (p=0,047).Conclusion. In the population sample of 58-82 years old, mutual associations of subclinical markers of atherosclerosis (ED, IMT, ASP of CAs) have not been confirmed. Only in women aged <78 years, ED was associated with an increase in IMT. The results obtained indicate that the treatment approaches proposed for young and middle-aged people may be less effective in old and senile age.

scholarly journals Dietary Fibre Intake in Australia. Paper II: Comparative Examination of Food Sources of Fibre among High and Low Fibre Consumers

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Fayet-Moore ◽  
Tim Cassettari ◽  
Kate Tuck ◽  
Andrew McConnell ◽  
Peter Petocz
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Major Food ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

Intakes of dietary fibre in Australia are lower than recommended. An understanding of food choices associated with fibre intake can help to inform locally relevant dietary interventions that aim to increase its consumption. This study aimed to profile the relationship between dietary choices and fibre intake of Australians. Using Day 1 data from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 12,153, ≥2 years), dietary fibre intake was classified by quartiles for children (2–18 years) and adults (≥19 years). Intakes of the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) food groups were calculated, as well as the major, sub-major, and minor food groups from the Australian Food Composition Database. Each of these food groups provide a progressively greater level of detail. Associations with ADG food groups and major food groups were determined, and the leading sub-major and minor food group sources of fibre for low (Quartile 1) and high (Quartile 4) fibre consumers were profiled. Energy-adjusted intakes of wholegrain and/or high fibre but not refined grain (cereal) foods, vegetables, and fruit were positively associated, and discretionary foods negatively associated, with quartile of fibre intake (p < 0.001). The top three sub-major food group sources of fibre were regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in high fibre consumers and regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and potatoes in low fibre consumers. White breads was the leading minor food group contributor in low fibre consumers, and apples and lower sugar wheat based breakfast cereal were the leading fibre contributors in high fibre consumers in children and adults, respectively. Higher intakes of wholegrain, fruits, and vegetables, and a lower discretionary intake were associated with higher fibre intake. Encouraging these foods as part of any public health intervention is likely to be effective for increasing dietary fibre intakes.

Estimation of daily intake of flavonoids and major food sources in middle-aged Australian men and women

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 64-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Murphy ◽  
Katie M. Walker ◽  
Kathryn A. Dyer ◽  
Janet Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Major Food

scholarly journals Association between Total Folate Intakes and Depression amongst Three Racial/Ethnic Groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana J. McEligot ◽  
Shaina Sta. Cruz ◽  
Stephen Gonzalez ◽  
Janice M. Pogoda
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Purpose: Low dietary folate intake has been associated with depression outcomes, but few studies have been reported on the association in diverse populations. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the relationship between depression and folate intake from diet and supplementation in non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics and African Americans. Methods: 3,687 adult respondents from the 2009-2010 NHANES cycle were included. Statistical methods for analyzing data from complex survey sample designs were used to assess differences by race/ethnicity in demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables and to assess the relationship between depression and folate, adjusting for confounding variables using multivariable logistic regression. Results: We observed significant (p < 0.01) differences by race/ethnicity for all demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables, except for physical activity. The relationship between dietary folate and depression significantly differed by race/ethnicity (p = 0.03), with an inverse and significant association in Hispanics only (OR= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.09 – 0.70.; p for trend = 0.02). Conclusion: These data suggest that a diet high in folate, such as from dark green leafy vegetables, may be associated with a reduced odds for depression, and specifically, Hispanics may benefit from nutrition education to potentially reduce depression in the population.

scholarly journals The relationship between education and food consumption in the 1995 Australian National Nutrition Survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Worsley ◽  
Roswitha Blaschea ◽  
Kylie Ball ◽  
David Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Group Variety ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Nutrition Survey ◽  
Food Variety ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjective:To assess the relationship between education and the intake of a variety of individual foods, as well as groups of foods, for Australian men and women in different age groups.Design:Cross-sectional national survey of free-living men and women.Subjects:A sample of 2501 men and 2739 women aged 18 years and over who completed the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) 1995.Methods:Information about the frequency of consumption of 88 food items was obtained using a food-frequency questionnaire in a nation-wide nutrition survey. Irregular and regular consumers of foods were identified according to whether they consumed individual foods less than or more than once per month. The relationship between single foods and an index of education (no post-school qualifications, vocational, university) was analysed via contingency table chi-square statistics for men and women. Food group variety scores were derived by assigning individual foods to conventional food group taxonomies, and then summing the dichotomised intake scores for individual foods within each food group. Two-way analyses of variance (education by age groups) were performed on food variety scores for men and women, separately.Results:While university-educated men and women consumed many individual foods more regularly than less-educated people, they were less likely to be regular consumers of several meat products. The relationship between education and food consumption was less apparent when individual food scores were aggregated into food group scores. University-educated men and women exhibited higher scores on total food group variety than the other educational groups.Conclusions:Higher education is associated with the regular consumption of a wider variety of foods. Aggregation of individual food consumption indices into food variety scores may mask the apparent effects of educational background on food consumption.

Trends in Dietary Intake of Vitamins A, C, and E in German Children and Adolescents – Results of the DONALD Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexy ◽  
Kersting ◽  
Sichert-Hellert
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Impact

Intake of vitamins A, C, and E was evaluated and age and time trends were assessed on the basis of 3-day weighed dietary records (n = 5121) of 2- to 18-year old boys (n = 417) and girls (n = 425) enrolled in the DONALD Study (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study) 1986–2001. Intake of vitamin A remains stable over time, intake of vitamin C increases linearly, and intake of vitamin E follows a nonlinear trend. Age trends of vitamins A and C (per MJ) were nonlinear with a minimum at the beginning adolescence, while intake of vitamin E (per MJ) increased linearly. Girls had higher nutrient densities but lower intakes expressed as percent of reference values. Fortified food in total had a higher impact on time trends of nutrient intake than other single food groups defined here. Our results point to the impact of the food industry on long-term nutrient intake, but also underline the necessity of nutrition education even in young age groups to improve vitamin intake.

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