Changes in the genetic diversity of barley of Nordic and Baltic origin, studied by isozyme electrophoresis

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam ◽  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Isaak Rashal ◽  
Jens Weibull
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Isozyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractIn this study an evaluation was made of changes in the genetic variation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) of Nordic and Baltic origin, from the end of the 19th century until today. A comparison of Nordic and Baltic material with exotic material that has not been subjected to intense selection was also made. A total of 293 accessions, including 160 Nordic and 80 Baltic landraces, cultivars and breeding lines, and another 53 landraces of exotic origin (Central Asia), were surveyed using isozyme starch gel electrophoresis. For the four isozymes studied, 28 alleles at 11 loci were observed. The average total genetic diversity value (HT) for individual loci ranged between 0 and 0.519. In the exotic material nine loci were polymorphic and two monomorphic, compared to seven polymorphic and four monomorphic loci in the Nordic and Baltic material. Some of the rare alleles were detected only in the exotic material. The studied isozyme loci of Nordic and Baltic material indicated that modern cultivars have a lower average genetic diversity value compared to the landraces, old and exotic material.

scholarly journals Isozyme markers and genetic variability in three species of Centrosema (Leguminosae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel de O. Penteado ◽  
Pedro García ◽  
Marcelino Pérez de la Vega
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
First Time

Isozyme patterns and their genetic control in three Centrosema species are described. Seven isozymatic systems (aspartate aminotransferase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, anodal peroxidase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase) were studied in 18 populations and several breeding lines of C. acutifolium, C. brasilianum and C. pubescens, using starch gel electrophoresis techniques. All systems, except glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, are described for the first time in these species. A total of 17 isozyme loci were scored; this represents the largest set of Mendelian loci known up to now in Centrosema species. Isozyme polymorphism and variability within and between populations and species were relatively high and allowed discrimination among species

Genetic diversity in red pine: evidence for low genic heterozygosity

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Fowler ◽  
R. W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Genetically Determined

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to survey for genetically determined enzyme mobility differences among 297 megagametophytes of red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) from five widely separated geographical sources. Consistent and reproducible enzyme banding patterns were observed with five of the seven isozyme systems assayed. No variation in band mobility was observed in any of these systems. This result stands in contrast with those reported from surveys of allozyme variation in other coniferous species but is consistent with the low degree of genetic variation observed in red pine for higher levels of genetic organization. It is concluded that red pine is genetically depauperate.Possible explanations for restricted genetic diversity are discussed. The most plausible explanation suggests that red pine was at sometime, possibly during the Pleistocene, reduced to a small refugial population and has yet to reestablish equilibrium heterozygosity.

scholarly journals Estructura genética de poblaciones de Eriocaulon bilobatum (Eriocaulaceae): una especie amenazada de humedades temporales

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Fabiola Magallán Hernández ◽  
Mahinda Martínez ◽  
Luis Hernández Sandoval ◽  
Ken Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Temporary Wetlands ◽  
Sexual And Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Starch Gel

<em>Eriocaulon bilobatum</em> is an aquatic species that inhabits temporary wetlands in central Mexico. It is annual, herbaceous, emergent, with sexual and asexual reproduction, monoecious and insect pollinated. It is a rare and vulnerable species due to its endangered habitats. The objectives of this study were to determine the diversity and genetic structure of <em>E. bilobatum </em> and to know if there is a correlation with genetic diversity and its ecological and life history traits. Using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis, we screened 160 individuals from four populations. <em>E. bilobatum</em> has a higher genetic diversity (A=2.32, Ae=1.31, P=69.65, Ho=0.134, He=0.197, HT=0.221) than species with similar ecological and life history traits, moderate levels of inbreeding (FIS = 0.312) and low genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.053 y GST = 0.048). Its diversity and genetic structure are determined by the mating system and life history traits, more than by inhabiting aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Inheritance of ADH, 6-PGDH, PGM, and SKDH in Allium fistulosum L.

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mangum ◽  
Ellen B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to study the inheritance of isozyme phenotypes of four enzyme systems [alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH)] in Allium fistulosum L. by monitoring segregations in backcross and F2 progeny. Segregation for most of the polymorphisms fit the expected Mendelian ratios as tested by the chi-square statistic. Three new isozyme loci were defined for onion. Two loci were found for 6-PGDH. Locus one was dimeric with two alleles, and locus two was monomorphic. SKDH was monomeric with two alleles.

Allozyme relationships of some frogs (genus Rana) from Yunnan, China

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Sharbel ◽  
David M. Green ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe genetic relationships of four species of frogs, genus Rana, from Yunnan, China, were investigated using starch gel electrophoresis of isozymes. Rana chaochiaoensis, R. pleuraden, R. phrynoides and R. limnocharis, representing four different species groups, were compared to each other and to representative species from other parts of Asia: R. amurensis from eastern Siberia, R. japonica from Japan, and R. nigromaculata from Korea. Twenty-four isozyme loci were reliably detected and scored, of which all but one were variable. R. chaochiaoensis, R. japonica and R. amurensis, all members of the Eurasian "brown frog" group, clustered together as a group although genetic distances were comparatively high. The "pond frogs", R. nigromaculata and R. pleuraden, similarly clustered together. Both R. phrynoides and R. limnocharis were highly divergent from the other species, but R. phrynoides seemed to be more closely affiliated with the "pond frogs" than with the "brown frogs". The data indicate that the highly enigmatic 64-chromosome karyotype of R. phrynoides arose from among 26-chromosome ancestors. The relationships of R. limnocharis cannot be precisely defined. Genetic divergence among Asiatic Rana appears to be very high.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation and Population Structure of Dendropanax morbifera Lev. (Araliaceae) in Korea

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Kim ◽  
Y. S. Jang ◽  
J. G. Han ◽  
H. G. Chung ◽  
S.W. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dendropanax Morbifera ◽  
Starch Gel

Abstract Dendropanax morbifera Lev. (Araliaceae) is an economically important tree species because of its role in the production of golden varnishes as well as its use as an ornamental plant. As an endemic tree species of Korea, it is restricted to the southern parts of Korea as isolated populations. In this study, eight natural populations of D. morbifera were investigated by starch-gel electrophoresis in an attempt to determine the extent of its genetic diversity. Out of 8 natural populations, the Suak population in Jeju island showed the lowest level of genetic diversity, while the Wando island population in Jeonnam showed the highest level of genetic diversity. Levels of genetic diversity maintained in D. morbifera (A/L =1.5, P95 = 27.3%, Ho = 0.100, He = 0.095) were notably lower than those of other tree species with wider and more continuous geographic distributions. The reasons for the low level of genetic diversity in D. morbifera might be due to the genetic drift caused by artificial disturbances. Most of the total genetic diversity (96%) was found within the populations. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance did not show any particular geographic patterns. The low level of genetic diversity suggested that there should be an urgent emphasis on the conservation study of this species.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF ISOZYMES: DESCRIPTION OF NEW LOCI IN ONIONS ISOZYMES

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 269D-269
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mangum ◽  
Ellen B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to study the mode of inheritance of isozyme phenotypes of four enzyme systems (ADH, 6-PGDH, PGM, and SKDH) in Allium cepa L. and A. fistulosum L. by monitoring segregations in backcross and F2 progeny. Segregation for most of the polymorphisms fit the expected Mendelian ratios as tested by the chi-square statistic. Three new isozyme loci were defined for onion. 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was dimeric in structure, with two alleles present at the first locus, while a second locus was monomorphic. Shikimate dehydrogenase was monomeric with two alleles.

High genetic diversity in the only known population of Aechmea tuitensis (Bromeliaceae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Y. Izquierdo ◽  
Daniel Piñero
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Narrow Endemic ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Starch Gel

Aechmea tuitensis (P. Magaña and E. Lott) is a narrow endemic species from Mexico. Only one population has been reported. We studied the genetic variation and structure, and clonal diversity of this rare bromeliad by using starch gel electrophoresis. Six enzyme systems encoded by nine gene loci were resolved in nine subpopulations. The percentage of polymorphic loci was high (77.8%). Mean expected heterozygosity for the population was 0.12. All loci except CPX-1 were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Genetic diversity was substantially larger within subpopulations (mean Fis = 0.631) than between them (Fst = 0.196). We detected 33 genetically distinguishable clones from 109 plants (ramets) sampled. One clone had a frequency of 32.1%, others showed frequencies ranging from 1.8 to 9.2%, and 19% of the total samples were unique multilocus genotypes. Aechmea tuitensis exhibits high genetic diversity even though it has an extremely narrow distribution. Our results also suggest that the effect of genetic drift on genetic structure in A. tuitensis might be counteracted by the influence of vegetative reproduction.

Fractionation of Plasminogen by Starch Gel Electrophoresis

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl H. Slotta ◽  
J. D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Full Activity ◽  
Veronal Buffer ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Alkaline Range

SummaryWhen urea or ε-amino caproic acid were used as solublizing agents for plasminogen in electrophoretic experiments, only one broad band of the proenzyme was obtained on acetate cellulose, in starch block, and in acrylamide gel. In starch gel electrophoresis, however, both forms of plasminogen – the native or euglobulin and Kline’s or Pseudoglobulin plasminogen – separated into six bands. These migrated toward the cathode at room temperature in borate or veronal buffer in the alkaline range and showed full activity in fibrinagar-streptokinase plates.

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