Comparison of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in endurance horses in three 80-km races

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Williams ◽  
DS Kronfeld ◽  
TM Hess ◽  
KE Saker ◽  
JE Waldron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Muscle Enzymes ◽  
Muscle Enzyme ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Muscle Enzyme Activities

AbstractThis study tested our hypothesis that during an 80-km Research Ride in 2002 (R2) horses that did not finish (NF) the ride would have elevated muscle enzyme activities in the blood and changes in biomarkers of oxidative stress as compared to horses that finished (F) the ride. These results were then compared to previous rides – Old Dominion (OD) and the Research Ride 2001 (R1). For R2, 40 mostly Arabian horses competed and had blood samples collected before, at 27, 48 and 80 km, and 170 to 190 min after the 80-km race. Blood was collected similarly in R1 and OD. Blood was analysed for plasma lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), α-tocopherol (TOC), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), red and white blood cell total glutathione (GSH-T) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Data were analysed using a repeated measure ANOVA in SAS. Associations between muscle enzymes and antioxidant status were determined using Pearson's or Spearman's correlations. Activities of CK and AST were higher (P<0.05) before, during and after the ride in NF than in F; however, TOC, LPO, GSH-T and GPx were not different. In R2, negative correlations were found with GPx and CK (r = −0.21; P = 0.005), GPx and AST (r = −0.15; P = 0.05), and a positive correlation was found with GSH-T and CK (r = 0.18; P = 0.02). Values of CK, LPO, GPx and GSH-T were higher (P<0.05) in R2 than in R1 or OD. The overall comparison of 80-km endurance races suggests the importance of considering the horse's fitness, terrain, ambient conditions and calibre of race when interpreting results from markers of oxidative stress and muscle enzyme leakage.

Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress in Elite Alpine Ski Racers

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Subudhi ◽  
Scott L. Davis ◽  
Ronald W. Kipp ◽  
E. Wayne Askew
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Cytosolic Glutathione ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alpine Skiers ◽  
Ski Racers

The goal of this field study was to assess antioxidant status and markers of oxidative damage in elite alpine ski racers during routine training. Subjects included 12 members of the U.S. Men’s Alpine Ski Team attending a 10-day summer training camp. Blood draws were collected at rest and after exercise: (a) prior to training, (b) following 2 days of dry land training, and (c) after 4 days of on-snow skiing. Seven measures of antioxidant status were determined using colorimetric and HPLC methods (Trolox “equivalent antioxidant capacity, uric acid, α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, total glutathione, cytosolic glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase). Oxidative stress was assessed using 2 markers of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxides) and 2 markers of protein oxidation (carbonylated total proteins and carbonylated hemoglobin). The results of this study suggest that antioxidant status of elite alpine skiers may decline over a period of intense training. However, elevations in markers of oxidative stress were not evident.

Changes in plasma lipids and markers of oxidative stress in normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated by diabetes

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. TOESCU ◽  
S. L. NUTTALL ◽  
U. MARTIN ◽  
P. NIGHTINGALE ◽  
M. J. KENDALL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Normal Women

The purpose of the present study was to determine changes in plasma lipids and markers of oxidative stress longitudinally in pregnancy complicated by diabetes compared with non-diabetic pregnancy. This was carried out by following a group of normal pregnant women (n=17) and groups of pregnant women with Type I diabetes (n=19), Type II diabetes (n=12) and gestational diabetes mellitus (n=12) throughout pregnancy, with sampling carried out at the end of each trimester. Serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerols (triglycerides) were determined using standard colorimetric techniques and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfraction profile by disc PAGE. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined by enhanced chemiluminescence and lipid hydroperoxides by the ferrous oxidation of Xylenol Orange method. Total cholesterol and triacylglycerols increased significantly throughout pregnancy in all groups, but there were no significant differences between normal and diabetic women with respect to either. The LDL score was significantly higher (P<0.001) in diabetic women compared with normal women at each point throughout pregnancy, although there were no significant differences between the diabetic groups. There was evidence of greater oxidative stress in diabetic compared with normal women throughout. Corrected TAC was significantly lower (P<0.001) in all diabetic women throughout pregnancy. In addition, lipid hydroperoxides were higher in all diabetic compared with normal women, particularly so in those with Type II diabetes (P<0.05). These changes may have important implications for diabetic women during pregnancy, as an elevated risk of pre-eclampsia is thought to reflect an oxidative stress-related mechanism. In addition, these changes may have important implications for the development of atherosclerosis and the long-term cardiovascular health of women with diabetes.

scholarly journals Values of plasma lipid hydroperoxides and total antioxidant status in healthy dairy cows: preliminary observations

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Castillo ◽  
J. Hernández ◽  
M. López-Alonso ◽  
M. Miranda ◽  
J. Luís
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract. Metabolic parameters have been used in an attempt to monitor the health, reproductive and nutritional status of dairy cows. Nevertheless, in the last few years the detection of free radical damage, and the protection against it has become very important in the practice of clinical medicine. This report aims to establish values for plasma lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in healthy cows and its relationship with milk yield. The study was carried out with 22 healthy dairy cows divided into two groups: animals with a low production rate and animals with a high milk yield. Results showed that the animals with a high milk yield present higher LOOH levels than the other group. This increase in oxidant compounds is not accompanied by higher levels in protective antioxidant substances. LOOH and TAS measurements give complementary information about the metabolic status of the animal than metabolic parameters alone.

Impact of aerobic exercise, sex, and metabolic syndrome on markers of oxidative stress: results from the Brain in Motion study

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-756
Author(s):  
Chantal L. Rytz ◽  
Vincent Pialoux ◽  
Mathilde Mura ◽  
Agnès Martin ◽  
David B. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Brain

Oxidative stress may be involved in disease pathology and dependent on both modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. This study aimed to assess exercise-induced changes in markers of oxidative stress among older, sedentary adults and to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) status, aerobic capacity, age, sex, and weight on these biomarkers. Two hundred and six participants (means ± SE; 66.8 ± 6.4 yr, 104 women) of the Brain in Motion study underwent a 6-mo aerobic exercise intervention. At three time points, venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for markers of oxidative stress [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and antioxidant status: catalase, uric acid (UA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)]. AOPP levels significantly decreased after 6 mo of aerobic exercise ( P = 0.003). This decrease was not modified by MetS status ( P = 0.183). Subjects with MetS possessed significantly higher levels of AOPP ( P < 0.001), MDA ( P = 0.004), and FRAP ( P = 0.049) across the intervention ( months 0–6). Men possessed significantly higher levels of FRAP ( P < 0.001), catalase ( P = 0.023), and UA ( P = 0.037) across the intervention ( months 0–6). Sex-MetS status interaction analyses revealed that the effect of MetS is highly sex dependent. These findings are multifaceted because the effect of MetS status seems distinctly different between sexes, pointing to the importance of acknowledging modifiable and nonmodifiable factor differences in individuals who possess conditions where oxidative stress may be part of the etiology. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Oxidative stress is implicated in a myriad of conditions, namely cardiovascular disease risk factors. This article details the effect of aerobic exercise, sex, and metabolic syndrome on markers of oxidative stress. We conclude that 6 mo of aerobic exercise significantly decreased oxidative stress, and further, that there is an effect of metabolic syndrome status on oxidative stress and antioxidant status levels, which are highly dependent on the sex of the individual.

Nonproteic Antioxidant Status in Plasma of Subjects with Colon Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Di Giacomo ◽  
Rosaria Acquaviva ◽  
Raffaele Lanteri ◽  
Francesca Licata ◽  
Antonio Licata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Oxidized Proteins ◽  
Total Thiol

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be important causative agents of a number of human diseases, including cancer. Thus, antioxidants, which control the oxidative stress state, represent a major line of defense regulating overall health. Human plasma contains many different nonenzymatic antioxidants. Because of their number, it is difficult to measure each of these different antioxidants separately. In addition, the antioxidant status in human plasma is dynamic and may be affected by many factors. Thus, the relationship between nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity of plasma and levels of well-known markers of oxidative stress (oxidized proteins, lipid hydroperoxides, decreases in thiol groups) better reflects health status. The present study considers antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in human plasma of patients with colon cancer or precancerous lesions, as well as before and after surgical removal of tumors and/or chemo/radiation therapy. Healthy blood donors were used as controls. Colon cancer patients demonstrated a significant decrease in nonproteic antioxidant status and in total thiol groups with respect to healthy controls, whereas oxidized proteins and lipid hydroperoxide levels were significantly increased. In patients with precancerous lesions, the only unmodified parameter was the thiol group level. After surgery, the levels of oxidized proteins, lipid hydroperoxides, and total thiol groups were restored to those seen in healthy subjects, whereas nonproteic antioxidant capacity remained unmodified from that determined before surgery. Conversely, chemo/radiation therapy increased both nonproteic antioxidant capacity and levels of oxidized proteins and lipid hydroperoxides and significantly decreased total thiol groups. These results further support the hypothesis that oxidative stress correlates to the risk of some forms of cancer, not only in the initial stages but also during progression.

Vitamin E intake and systemic antioxidant status in competitive endurance horses

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Williams ◽  
DS Kronfeld ◽  
TM Hess ◽  
KE Saker ◽  
JE Waldron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Commercial Feeds

AbstractThe objective was to compare vitamin E content in the total diet of Arabian horses competing in the 80 km Research Ride 2002 to the oxidative stress and antioxidant measures throughout the race. Prior to the race, riders completed a detailed nutritional survey, which was used to calculate vitamin E intake. Blood samples, temperature and heart rate were taken the day before the race, at 27 and 48 km during the race, at race completion or elimination and 3 h after race completion. Plasma lipid hydroperoxides, α-tocopherol (TOC), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, red and white blood cell total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were measured. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation in SAS. From the survey, it was estimated that horses consumed 2265±114 IU day−1 of vitamin E. A negative correlation was found between the vitamin E intake and CK (r = −0.23; P = 0.002), and AST (r = −0.22; P = 0.003). A positive correlation was found between the vitamin E intake and plasma TOC (r = 0.15; P = 0.005) at all sample times. This suggests that intensely exercising horses supplemented with vitamin E may not have an improved welfare and performance if they are supplemented vitamin E versus what is naturally found in forages and commercial feeds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document