Arthrinium sporophleum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Arthrinium sporophleum, which is found on dead attached or fallen often rather dry leaves, stems, straw, stubble. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Eritrea, as Ethiopia in GBIF database), North America (Canada, USA (Alaska, California, New Jersey)), Asia (India (Uttarakhand)), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK), Pacific Ocean (USA (Hawaii))). This species was one of many detected as contaminants in sealed bakery products, but only at a very low level and not listed among the species considered problematic because of mycotoxin production.

Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Physcia tribacioides, a lichen-forming fungus growing in well-lit areas near the coast on trunks of trees with alkaline bark, particularly Ulmus spp., but also species of Acer, Fraxinus and Quercus, sometimes also on rocks near the sea and near bird perches. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa), Central America (Costa Rica), North America (Mexico, USA (Connecticut, Missouri, Texas)), Asia (Bahrain, India, Nepal, Oman, Singapore, Taiwan, Yemen), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores, Madeira)), Australasia (Australia (Tasmania), New Zealand, Papua New Guinea), Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK), Pacific Ocean (Vanuatu)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Geoglossum fallax. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec), USA (California, Michigan, New York, Oregon and Pennsylvania)), Asia (India (Assam, Karnataka, Sikkim, Uttarakhand and West Bengal), Japan, Russia and Taiwan), Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda), Australasia (Australia (Victoria) and New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Cerothallia luteoalba, a lichen-forming fungus growing on well-lit, sunny trunks of trees with alkaline bark, particularly Ulmus spp. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco, South Africa), North America (USA (Colorado, Washington)), Asia (Iran, Israel, Syria), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Azores)), Australasia (Australia (Western Australia)), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Geoglossum cookeanum. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Mexico and USA (Kentucky, Michigan, New Hampshire and Tenesse)), Asia (Georgia, India (Uttarakhand) and China (Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Yunnan)), Australasia (Australia (South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia) and New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Hypoxylon fraxinophilum, a fungus that grows exclusively on bark of weak or recently dead branches of Fraxinus still attached to the tree, and that once these branches are shed, the fungus rapidly disappears. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Pennsylvania)), Asia (Georgia), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Netherlands, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Geoglossum umbratile. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada and USA (Michigan)), South America (Chile), Asia (China (Hainan and Sichuan), India (Uttarakhand), Pakistan and Taiwan), Atlantic Ocean (Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales South Australia Tasmania and Victoria) and New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Quaternaria dissepta, saprobic on twigs and small branches within bark of recently dead branches and twigs of Ulmus, usually observed from late winter to early summer. Some information on its, habitat, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (California, Massachusetts)), Asia (China (Gansu)), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)).


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Lophiostoma caulium, which is considered to be a saprobic fungus, colonizing dead culm tissues. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), Central America (Costa Rica), North America (Canada, Ontario), USA (Arizona, California, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, Virginia), South America (French Guiana), Asia (China, Xinjiang, Iran, Japan, Pakistan, Taiwan, Turkmenistan), Australasia (Australia, Queensland, New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)). L. caulium as currently circumscribed is a plurivorous species of herbaceous stems and has been reported more rarely from woody substrata.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Pronectria anisospora. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, New York)), Asia (Iraq), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Krasnodar Krai, Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this fungus (e.g. as a recycler, as a source of useful products, as a provider of checks and balances within its ecosystem, etc.). Also, no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Cucurbitaria obducens, saprobic and possibly sometimes parasitic on wood of various trees. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (Canada (Ontario), Mexico, USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington)), Asia (Georgia, India (Andhra Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra), Pakistan, Russia (Yamalo-Nenetskyi Avtonomyi Okrug), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, UK), Pacific ocean (USA (Hawaii))). C. obducens is widely considered to be primarily associated with Fraxinus species. One record in association with a species of Leptosphaeria. Reported from Hawaii as a parasite of the mistletoe Korthalsella complanata [Korthalsella taenioides f. taenioides], and found in association with microlepidopteran larvae on that plant.


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