Aspergillus niger. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Radio Equipment ◽  
Dried Fish

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus niger. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Commonly isolated from soils, plant litter, rhizospheres, seeds, dried and ripe fruits, nuts, spices, onions, garlic, tomatoes and other vegetables, cocoa beans and dried fish (DOMSCH et al., 1980; PITT & HOCKING, 1997). Also known from other substrata: leather, radio equipment, paint and diesel fuel (CABI BIOSCIENCE, 1999). DISEASE: On man it has been isolated from eyes (YEHIA et al., 1990), ears (ZAROR et al., 1989), lungs (HALL et al., 1990) and heart (VIVAS, 1998), from immuno-suppressed (BROCHERIOU et al, 1990) and AIDS patients (SINGH et al., 1991). On other vertebrates it has been isolated from the nasal cavity of a dog (SMITH, 1989). On plants it causes black mould disease of onion bulbs and garlic (TANAKA, 1991), serious losses in post-harvest decay of tomatoes and other fresh fruits and kernel rot of cashews (PITT & HOCKING, 1997). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, but with a preference for tropical and subtropical climates.

Aspergillus ustus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Cutaneous Infection ◽  
Aspergillus Ustus ◽  
Radio Equipment ◽  
Disseminated Aspergillosis

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus ustus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Found in all soil types (DOMSCH et al., 1980), but also isolated from radio equipment, polyurethane foam, flannel bag, sugar and fermented cocoa (CABI BIOSCIENCE, 1999). DISEASE: On man it has been implicated in a case of primary cutaneous infection following a liver transplant (STILLER et al., 1994), isolated from invasive aspergillosis (VERWEU et al., 1999) and disseminated aspergillosis (IWEN et al., 1998). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, but with preference for tropical and subtropical regions.

Aspergillus penicillioides. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
House Dust ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Jute Sack ◽  
Dried Fish

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus penicillioides. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Commonly found on dried products such as spices, cereals, dried nuts, dried fruits, and dried fish (PITT & HOCKING, 1997); air, binocular lens, human skin, desiccated coconut, jute sack and electronic meter (CABI BIOSCIENCE, 1999). DISEASES: Grows on human skin, causing the disease known as lobomycosis (RAPER & FENNELL, 1965) (a mycoses). It is also found in house dust, and can therefore cause asthma (HAY et al., 1993). GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, but predominantly in tropical and subtropical climates.

Aspergillus sydowii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus sydowii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Primarily a soil species (DOMSCH et al., 1980), but also isolated from other substrata, including wallpaper, talc, paint and cotton yarn (CABI BIOSCIENCE, 1999). DISEASE: On man isolated from keratomycosis (mycoses), bones, joints, lungs and the central nervous system (SMITH, 1989). In addition it has been isolated from onychomycosis (SUMMERBELL et al., 1989), from AIDS patients (NEVES et al., 1998) and as component of hospital air mycoflora (GOODLEY et al., 1994). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide.

Beauveria bassiana. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Colorado Beetle ◽  
Porthetria Dispar ◽  
New Skin

Abstract A description is provided for Beauveria bassiana. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS & SUBSTRATA: All stages of insects of all groups; lungs of wild rodents, nasal swab of horse; man; giant tortoise. The fungus overwinters in vegetable matter and is found in the soil. DISEASE: The fungus has been known since 1835 as the cause of the muscardine disease of silkworms. Although B. bassiana has multiplied in bees in laboratory tests it has so far not been recorded from bees in nature (Bailey, 1971). According to Wasti & Hartman (1975) penetration of the cuticle of gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar[Lymantria dispar]) larvae takes place 24 h after 2nd instar larvae have crawled over a culture of B. bassiana and within 64h the interior of the insect is completely filled with hyphae. These authors also note penetration of the gut wall. Fargues & Vey (1974), who sprayed conidia on to 3rd instar larvae of Leptinostarsa decemlineata (Colorado beetle), showed that conidia germinate on the surface of the integument, penetrate the loosening skin, and blastospores develop in the moulting fluid, infecting the new integument as it forms. Some individuals cannot finish the moult, in others the delicate new skin ruptures and hyphae enter the haemolymph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World wide.

Eurotium rubrum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Human Nails

Abstract A description is provided for Eurotium rubrum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A xerotolerant species with the same host range as E. repens (IMI Sheet 1255). DISEASES: Not known to be a pathogen of animals or man, but the species has been isolated from human nails (Smith, 1989). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide.

Cunninghamella echinulata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Cunninghamella Echinulata

Abstract A description is provided for Cunninghamella echinulata. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On decaying flowers of Cucurbita pepo, dung and soil. DISEASE: Reported pathogenic to Spanish pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) at Chandigarh and neighbouring villages in the Punjab, India by Grover (1965). Symptoms recognizable when the flowers begin to die off gradually. Diseased flowers do not open properly. Infected flowers are covered with the cottony mycelium of the pathogen and infected fruits may become detached from the plant and continue to rot on the soil. Leaves and stalks are also frequently infected. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide (mostly tropical countries). TRANSMISSION: Air borne; may survive in fragments of mummified pumpkin fruit up to 32 months.

Rhizopus stolonifer. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Artocarpus Integrifolia

Abstract A description is provided for Rhizopus stolonifer. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On fruits: papaya, plum, strawberry, sweet potato, cotton, groundnuts and in rhizosphere soil of various plants, soil and decaying leaves. DISEASE: Causing fruit rot of plum, Jak fruit (Artocarpus integrifolia[Artocarpus integer]), strawberry ('leak'), peach and a rot of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and cotton bolls. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Air-borne and also by fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, associated with decaying fruit (RAM 43, 576).

Erysiphe pisi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Erysiphe Pisi ◽  
Lens Esculenta

Abstract A description is provided for Erysiphe pisi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Papilionaceae, chiefly on Pisum, Dorcynium, Medicago and Vicia; also on Lupinus spp., Lens esculenta[Lens culinaris], Trifolium dubium and? Astragalus alpinus (Blumer, 1967). DISEASE: Powdery mildew of pea. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Internally seed borne (15: 338).

Septoria apiicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Variable Size ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria apiicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Apium spp. DISEASE: Leaf spot (or late blight) of cultivated and wild celery and celeriac. On leaves, seeds and seedling roots, reducing yield and causing wastage through blemishes on the edible petioles. Leaf lesions of variable size, 1-6 mm diam., abundant, amphigenous, circular or sometimes vein-limited, confluent when severe, becoming depressed pale brown, margin diffuse. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide on Apium spp. TRANSMISSION: Seed-borne (Noble et al., 1958; Sheridan, 1966). Also disseminated by rain-splash, in irrigation water, by contact as well as by animals and workman's tools (Chupp & Sherf, 1960). The pathogen may remain viable in the soil for 18 months in buried celery crop refuse, but for less than 6 weeks in the absence of intact host tissue (42: 82). Viability in infected seed may drop to 2% within 8 months from harvest and both mycelium and conidia can stay alive in seed stored up to 14 months (42: 508; 44, 1332) but not beyond 2 yr.

Penicillium purpurogenum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Penicillium Purpurogenum

Abstract A description is provided for Penicillium purpurogenum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Although primarily a soil species, it is common on cereals (Pitt, 1980). DISEASES: On animals: The species has been implicated in mouldy corn toxicosis in swine, cattle and poultry and hepatitis-x in dogs (Beuchat, 1987). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, primarily as a soil species, but it is also found on organic matter.

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