Alternaria zinniae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Hibiscus Esculentus ◽  
Sphaeranthus Indicus

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria zinniae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Ageratum, Aster, Bidens, Calendula, Callistephus, Chrysanthemum, Coreopsis, Cosmos, Dahlia, Gaillardia, Galinsoga, Gerbera, Helianthus, Notonia, Parthenium, Sphaeranthus indicus, Tagetes, Tithonia, Volutarella, Xanthium, Zinnia. Also recorded are a number of non-compositae hosts such as bean (50, 3295), rape (43, 1212b), Clarkia, Hibiscus esculentus (66. 4729), pawpaws (66. 4729) and seeds of tobacco (64, 1748) but these reports should be regarded with some doubt. Simmons (1982) also reports other hosts like Gentiana, Papaver and Reseda. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Zinnia. The fungus attacks the leaves, stems of its host and can cause damping-off of seedlings where both the root and the stems of the plant may be affected. In older plants the fungus attacks the older leaves and then spreads to the younger leaves, and when the attack is severe the spots may become confluent. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Brunei, China (Liaoning). India, Indonesia (Borneo), Korea, Nepal, Pakistan. Australasia & Oceania: Australia. Europe: Cyprus. Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, The Netherlands. Central & North America: Bermuda, Canada, Jamaica, USA (Hawaii, Illinois, South Dakota). TRANSMISSION: On seeds by wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

Cercospora cichorii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Cichorium Endivia ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora cichorii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot of chicory. HOSTS: Cichorium endivia, C. intybus (Compositae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Madagascar, South Africa (DOIDGE, 1950), Sudan, Zambia. NORTH AMERICA: Bermuda, USA (Michigan, New York, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin). SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina. ASIA: Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia, India, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Greece (52: 2856), Romania (66: 4701), Russia, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

Alternaria cassiae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Cassia Angustifolia ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Albizia Procera ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria cassiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Albizia procera, Banhinia purpurea, Cassia angustifolia, C. corymbosa, C. fistula, C. glauca, C. holosericea, C. obtusifolia, C. occidentalis, C. sophora, Crotalaria spectabilis (68, 1563), Rhynchosia sp. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Cassia or sicklepod. The disease can also affect seedlings. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: South Africa. North America: USA (Florida). Asia: India, Pakistan. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

Cercospora insulana. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Armeria Maritima

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora insulana. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot of statice. HOSTS: Armeria maritima, Goniolimon tataricum, Limonium bonduelii, L. brassicifolium, L. gmelinii, L. sinuatum, Psylliostachys × myosuroides (Plumbaginaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Kenya, South Africa (CHUPP & DOIDGE, 1948), Tanzania, Zimbabwe. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA (Florida). CENTRAL AMERICA: Guatemala. ASIA: Burma, China, Israel, Taiwan, Thailand. EUROPE: Italy, Malta, Russia. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia but also can be seedborne (55: 4147).

Alternaria gossypina. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Cotton Boll ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Boll Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria gossypina. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Gossypium spp. DISEASE: Leaf spot and cotton boll rot. This fungus can cause yellowing of leaves and defoliation as well as spoilage of cotton bolls. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ivory Coast, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: India, Iran, Pakistan. Australasia: Australia (Western Australia). Europe: Italy, Yugoslavia. North America: USA (Louisiana, South Carolina). South America: Trinidad. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia, usually favoured by warm and moist conditions.

Barrmaelia oxyacanthae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Former Yugoslavia

Abstract A description is provided for Barrmaelia oxyacanthae, saprobic on wood of various trees. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (South Africa), North America (Canada, USA (New Jersey, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia)), Asia (Georgia, Japan, Kazakhstan (Aktyubinskaya oblast), Pakistan), Europe (Belarus, Belgium, former Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, former Yugoslavia)). B. oxyacanthae is sometimes found on elm twigs previously gnawed by rabbits.

Ulocladium atrum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Ulocladium atrum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Wood, seeds, stems, leaves of many different plants, soil. DISEASE: None. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt, Libya, Sierra Leone. N. America: Canada, USA (California, Colorado, Kansas). S. America: Argentina, Chile. Asia: India, Iraq, Israel, Kuwait, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey. Australasia: Australia (WA, VIC), New Zealand. Europe: Cyprus, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, UK. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia, and possibly through water, soil and plant debris.

Arthrinium phaeospermum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Arthrinium Phaeospermum

Abstract A description is provided for Arthrinium phaeospermum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Agropyron, Ammophila, Anona, Araucaria, Arundinaria, Arachis, Argemone, Arrhenatherum, Arundo, Bambusa, Brassica, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Carex, Cocos, Citrus, Cladium, Coelogyne, Coffea, Cortaderia, Cratueva, Dactylis, Dendrocalamus, Dioscorea, Eleusine, Elymus, Fagus, Fragaria, Glyceria, Gynerium, Hedera, Hordeum, Justicia, Lens, Liriope, Lycopersicon, Magnolia, Malus, Maranta, Musa, Nicotiana, Oryza, Panicum, Persea, Phalaris, Phaseolus, Pinus, Pisum, Phragmites, Phyllostachys, Picea, Pinus, Piper, Prunus, Psamma, Pteridium, Ranwolfia, Saccharum, Smilax, Solanum, Sorghum, Tectona, Theobroma, Trifolium, Triticum, Valeriana, Vigna, Vitis, Zea; also from air, animals (including man), soil and plant debris, straw, silage and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader (of potato tubers) or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Algeria, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa Spain (Canary Islands), Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia), Philippines, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Zealand. EUROPE: Cyprus, Eire, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Alternaria cichorii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Cichorium Endivia ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria cichorii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cichorium endivia L. (Endive); Cichorium intybus L. (Cichory) and Lactuca sativa L. (Lettuce), all members of the tribe Lactuceae (Cichorieae), Asteraceae. It has recently been reported (69, 1978) as occurring on Acroptilion repens, a member of the Cynareae, growing as a weed in western Canada. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Endive and Cichory. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt. North America: Canada, USA (Florida). South America: Argentina (52, 544). Asia: India, New Guinea, Pakistan. Europe: Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, Italy, Slovenia. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

Cintractia axicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Direct Penetration

Abstract A description is provided for Cintractia axicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Fimbristylis species, including F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. complanata, F. dichotoma, F. diphylla, F. exilis, F. globulosa, F. obtusispora, F. squarrulosa, F. tenera and F. thonningiana; occasionally other Cyperaceae. DISEASE: Smut of Fimbristylis. Dikaryotic hyphae ramify intercellularly and intracellularly in the epidermis, cortex, medulla and vascular tissues of infected peduncles and form a white fungal covering; within this covering the fungal stroma with sporogenous pockets develops. Eventually the smut forms conspicuous black spore masses around the peduncles, whilst the spikelets are little altered morphologically. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. Africa: Gabon, Ghana, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe; Asia: Burma, China, India, Indo-China, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan; Australasia and Oceania: Australia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, North America: Mexico, USA; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Uruguay, Venezuela; Central America: Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, Tobago, Trinidad, Virgin Is. (IMI Distribution Map 626, 1991). TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs in individual inflorescences. Ustilospores (and basidiospores) are disseminated by wind and rain. Ustilospore germination on peduncle surfaces and direct penetration of the epidermis have been observed (48, 3370).

Alternaria dianthicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Airborne Conidia ◽  
Dianthus Barbatus ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Fungus Disease

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria dianthicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Dianthus barbatus, D. caesius, D. caryophyllus. Plantain (Musa puradisiaca) has also been recorded as a host. Plants of Gypsophila have been infected successfully after being inoculated with this fungus. DISEASE: Carnation bud-rot. Affected flower buds can turn brown and shrivel without opening or when open develop olive-brown patches where the conidia are produced. Stems and leaves may also be attacked, developing pale yellow-brown dark bordered spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Malawi (43, 877), South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Bhutan, Malaysia, Thailand. Australasia & Oceania: New Zealand. Europe: Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Romania, The Netherlands. Central & South America: Brazil (43, 688), Chile, Jamaica. North America: USA. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

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