Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Tripsacum Dactyloides ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract A description is provided for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Zea mays is the natural host. By inoculation Euchlaena mexicana, Saccharum officinarum, Sorghum bicolor, S. sudanense and Tripsacum dactyloides are infected (Schuster et al., 1973). DISEASE: Leaf freckles and wilt, or Goss's bacterial wilt and blight. The disease is characterized by the appearance of discrete, water-soaked spots, dark green to blackish at first, becoming brown and more freckle-like, then coalescing and inducing a leaf scorch. The spots may arise from direct infection or via systemic infection from roots and stems (Schuster et al., 1973). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: USA (IA, IL, KS, NE). (IMI Distribution Map 549, ed. 1, 1982; 67, 4495). TRANSMISSION: The bacterium can overwinter in debris from diseased corn, particularly stubble and this is a source of primary inoculum in the new growing season. It is also present within the seed where it can remain viable for more than a year. However, experiments suggest that seed transmission is rare (Schuster et al., 1973).

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis. [Distribution map].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis (Vidaver & Mundel) Davis et al. Bacteria Hosts: Maize (Zea mays). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Ontario, USA, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wisconsin.

Sclerospora sacchari. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Mukerji
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Downy Mildews ◽  
Setaria Verticillata ◽  
Host Infection

Abstract A description is provided for Sclerospora sacchari[Peronosclerospora sacchari]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Saccharum officinarum, Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine indica, Euchlaena luxurians, E. mexicana, Panicum barbinodes, Polypogon interruptus, Saccharum barberi, S. robustum, S. sinense, Setaria verticillata, Sorghum halepense, S. sudanense, S. vulgare and Zea mays (35, 125; 40, 626; 44, 648), and others cereals and grasses. DISEASE: Downy mildew of sugarcane and one of the downy mildews of maize, the others are caused by Sclerospora philippinensis[Peronosclerospora philippinensis] (CMI Descript. 454) and S. maydis (Racib.) Butler. Sclerospora sacchari has larger oogonia than S. philippinensis; these spores are unknown in S. maydis which has smaller conidia than those of S. philippinensis. The symptoms on sugarcane differ, depending on when infection occurs. When diseased setts are used the young plant may die or become generally stunted, discoloured and conspicuous. Infection at a later stage causes pale green to yellow longitudinal stripes which increase in length after each leaf unfolds. The stripes may become a chlorotic mottling, later necrotic with oospores lying interveinally. Later infections cause abnormal stem elongation (jump up canes); stems are weak, have more internodes and fewer shorter leaves which may not unfold. Shredding caused by the disintegration of leaf tissue occurs in sugarcane but not in maize. In the latter host infection at a very early growth stage causes stunting and death. Systemic infection causes chlorotic leaf streaks, small poorly filed ears (formed in abnormally large numbers), elongated ear shanks, imperfect tassels with grain and sterility (21, 347; 42, 47, 629; 48, 1166). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia (Qd.), Fiji, India. Japan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand (CMI Map 21. ed. 2. 1965). Recent records from Central America are considered doubtful (49, 3185, 3740). TRANSMISSION: In Taiwan conidial air dispersal was mostly at 0100-0300hr (50, 3701). There is evidence for seed transmission in maize (47, 2705). The role of the oospore in spread appears uncertain, most spread in sugarcane apparently occuring through the conidia, but infection of this host with the sexual spore was successful (41, 544). The fungus passes readily from one primary host to the other.

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. [Distribution map].

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Northern Russia ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann & Kotthoff) Dye & Kemp. Actinobacteria: Actinomycetales: Microbacteriaceae. Hosts: potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Crete, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Central Russia, Northern Russia, Siberia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, UK and Ukraine), Asia (China, Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, Turkey and Uzbekistan), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Idaho, Kansas, North Dakota and Oregon) and South America (Bolivia).

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. [Distribution map].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann & Kotthoff) Dye & Kemp. Bacteria. Host: Potato (Solanum tuberosum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belarus, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece (Crete), Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (European Russia, Siberia), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, UK, Ukraine), Asia (China (Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic, Nepal, Taiwan, Uzbekistan), Africa (Algeria), and North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan), USA (Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin)).

Heterodera sacchari. [Distribution map].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Heterodera sacchari Luc & Merny Nematoda: Tylenchida: Heteroderidae Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Delhi, Pakistan, Thailand, AFRICA, Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal.

Melanotus communis. [Distribution map].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Melanotus communis Gyllenhal. Coleoptera: Elateridae. Main hosts: sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), many grasses, and some vegetables and cereals. Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (Ontario and Quebec, Canada, and Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin, USA).

Peronosclerospora spontanea. [Distribution map].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Saccharum Spontaneum ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Peronosclerospora spontanea (W. Weston) C.G. Shaw. Fungi: Oomycota: Peronosporales. Hosts: sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), maize (Zea mays), giant Chinese silver grass (Miscanthus japonicus), wild sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and teosinte (Zea mexicana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (the Philippines, Thailand).

Xanthomonas cassavae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Green Point ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract A description is provided for Xanthomonas cassavae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae); by artificial inoculation: Euphorbia pulcherrima (Euphorbiaceae). DISEASE: Cassava leaf spot or bacterial necrosis. Angular leaf spots extend along veins but generally do not develop into blight. Spots age, turn dark brown and are surrounded by a yellow halo. Exudate is frequently produced. On stems, dark green point lesions develop slowly up to 1 cm diam. Lytic pockets generally develop under lesions in the cortex. Lateral extension can lead to girdling and tip dieback. Secondary colonization by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides[Glomerella cingulata] is frequently observed. Systemic infection and vascular browning are absent or very restricted. Entry into the host is through natural openings (stomata) or epidermal wounds, which can be caused (especially on the stem) by sand particles or small grains of gravel thrown up by the strong winds which precede the first rains. The optimum temperature for disease development is 25°C. Disease mainly occurs above altitudes of 800 m. There is evidence that disease severity is linked to poor plant nutrition. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Burundi, Congo Democratic Republic, Kenya, Malawi, Niger, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire. SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia. TRANSMISSION: Long distance spread is restricted. Symptomless cuttings taken from diseased plants were unable to demonstrate propagation. Rapid disease development under favourable climatic conditions suggests a symptomless epiphytic phase on the host itself or on a plant other than cassava. In the field, dispersal is by wind and rain.

scholarly journals The effect of a seed coating with Origanum vulgare essential oil on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Ömür Baysal ◽  
Ragıp Soner Silme
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Ligand Interaction ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a seed film coating with Origanum vulgare Linnaeus essential oil (EO) against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) on tomatoes. Tomato seeds (cv. Rio Grande) coated with different doses of EO derived from O. vulgare were inoculated with Cmm (1.8 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL). O. vulgare's EO showed a remarkable inhibition effect on the Cmm growth. The EO effect against Cmm was determined based on the parameters, such as the inhibition zone and bacterial population in a seed. The GC-MS analysis of EO showed that carvacrol is the major component (at 74.05%), which may inhibit the bacterial growth. Later, we have expanded our studies to determine the inhibitory effect of the EO's mode of action on the pathogenic bacteria with a molecular docking analysis based on the molecular protein-ligand interaction. The results showed that carvacrol has a strong interaction with the bacterial expansin protein (PDB 4JJO) of Cmm and the qPCR analyses confirmed the effect of the O. vulgare treatment against Cmm. This original approach has the prominent potential to prevent seed transmission of Cmm for seed quality in the world, suggesting a method for paving the way for Cmm disease management.

Sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma. [Distribution map].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Ryukyu Archipelago ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
White Leaf ◽  
Sugarcane White Leaf ◽  
Sugarcane White Leaf Phytoplasma ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma Bacteria: Phytoplasmas Hosts: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, Japan, Ryukyu Archipelago, Taiwan, Thailand.

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