Lophodermium baculiferum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Jeffreyi ◽  
Needle Cast

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium baculiferum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus jeffreyi, P. ponderosa, P. resinosa, P. sabiniana. DISEASE: Mayr (1890) described the fungus as causing needle cast in 1- to 2-year old plantations of the Pinus taeda group. The degree of pathogenicity of this fungus is not known. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Canada: Ontario, USA: California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming. TRANSMISSION: Unknown: probably through direct infection by the air-dispersed ascospores.

Lophodermella cerina. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
First Year ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Significant Mortality

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermella cerina. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus contorta, Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus taeda. DISEASES: Needle cast of pines. Symptoms on first-year needles have been reported to appear in November on southern pines, with the ascomata visible by late February and prominent by the end of March. Czabator et al. (1971) stated that two years' needles are affected, though it is not clear whether this means there are two sets of infected needles on a tree at the same time. All ages of pines in the southern USA have been reported to be infected, though the disease was more common in older stands, and while the infection was scattered within a stand, whole crowns of individual trees are affected. Severe and repeated attacks by L. cerina on pine species in the western USA did not cause significant mortality. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: USA (Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico). TRANSMISSION: By airborne ascospores in wet or humid conditions.

Lophodermium ravenelii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
North America ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Geographical Distribution

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium ravenelii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Nothing is yet known about the ecology of this species, except that zone lines, conidiomata and ascomata occur on secondary needles of native pines. The species is included here to aid identification of, and for comparison with, other members of this genus also on pines (Lophodermium australe, IMI Descriptions No. 563; L. baculiferum, IMI Descriptions No. 795; L. canberrianum, IMI Descriptions No. 564; L. conigenum, IMI Descriptions No. 565, L. durilabrum, IMI Descriptions No. 796; L. himalayense, IMI Descriptions No. 1149; L. indianum, IMI Descriptions No. 787; L. kumaunicum, IMI Descriptions No. 786; L. nitens, IMI Descriptions No. 566; L. orientale, IMI Descriptions No. 788; L. pinastri, IMI Descriptions No. 567, L. pini-excelsae, IMI Descriptions No. 785 and L. seditiosum, IMI Descriptions No. 568), some of which are known to be pathogenic. Most probably this is another fungus which begins as an endobiont, later perhaps (and under specific conditions) causing early senescence of the needle, then fruiting on that needle after its death. HOSTS: Pinus taeda, Pinus sp. (leaves). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA (North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas). TRANSMISSION: Not known. Presumably by air-borne ascospores released in humid conditions.

Lophodermium indianum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium indianum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus caribaea, P. glabra, P. patula, P. roxburghii, P. serotina, P. taeda; previous reports of this species on P. thunbergii are incorrect. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Ascocarps of this species occur predominantly on dead needles in the litter, so that at first sight it appears to be saprophytic. Almost nothing is known of its ecology, however, and since many other species of this genus inhabitating pine needles are known to exist as endophytes in apparently healthy needles before producing ascocarps, this species should be regarded as a potential pathogen until shown to be otherwise. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (India: Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh; Pakistan: Rawalpindi). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.

Lophodermium conigenum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Pinus Brutia ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium conigenum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mainly Diploxylon (two-three needle) pines, including Pinus brutia, P. densiflora, P. montana, P. mugo, P. nigra, P. resinosa, P. sylvestris, P. tabuliformis, P. contorta, P. halepensis, P. pinea and P. radiata. Has also been recorded from Haploxylon (five needle) pines. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Lophodermium conigenum inhabits green needles on the tree, producing no symptoms. When a branch bearing such needles is killed by an agent other than the fungus, L. conigenum fruits seprophytically on the needles. It causes no significant damage to the tree. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe, a couple of records from the USA (east coast and Michigan) where it is apparently not common, New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet weather/humid conditions.

Bifusella linearis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Pinus Albicaulis ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Tar Spot ◽  
Needle Blight

Abstract A description is provided for Bifusella linearis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus albicaulis, P. flexilis, P. monticola, P. strobus. DISEASE: Needle blight and needle cast of white pines, tar spot needle cast, Bifusella blight. The disease apparently occurs only under moist conditions, and since its effects are usually limited to defoliation of needles two or three years old, it is not devastating. Probably infects young needles but macrosymptoms do not show up until the following spring when needles become blighted from the tip part-way to the base. The disease tends to occur principally in the lower crown (47, 2867). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (Canada: British Columbia, Ontario, U.S.A. : California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Washington, Wisconsin). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.

Lophodermella conjuncta. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Needle Blight

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermella conjuncta. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus mugo, P. nigra var. maritima, P. sylvestris. DISEASE: Pine needle blight leading to premature needle cast in plantations. No common name. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Estonian SSR, Finland, Great Britain, Sweden, Switzerland).

Lophodermium orientale. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Needle Cast

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium orientale. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus excelsa. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Ascocarps of this species tend to occur in association with those of Lophodermium pini- excelsae Ahmad (CMI Descripriptions 785), but the exact nature of that association is not known since the ecology of these more recently recognised pine-inhabiting species of Lophodermium is still unexplored. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (West Pakistan). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.

Lophodermella orientalis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Unusual Feature ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Pinus Kesiya ◽  
Forest Sites

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermella orientalis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus kesiya. DISEASES: 'Yellow band' needle cast of pines. This disease was first encountered at two hardwood forest sites near Darjeeling, at altitudes of 1600 m and 2100 m above sea level, affecting P. kesiya in plantations 6 months, 18 months and 6 years of age. The proportion of trees infected varied from 20-80%, with up to 40% of the needles bearing lesions. Symptoms have been reported mainly from secondary needles and only occasionally from primary needles. They began as broad yellow bands up to 2 cm wide, later each with several large orange or brown elliptical spots which on microscopic examination were seen to be ascomata embedded in the needle. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: India (West Bengal), Thailand. TRANSMISSION: By ascospores extruded in cirrhi in wet or humid conditions. This is a most unusual feature for members of the Rhytismataceae, which generally disperse by airborne ascospores. It is possible that this species may also disperse by airborne ascospores in conditions other than those in which it has been observed to date.

Lophodermium himalayense. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Pinus Patula ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Pinus Kesiya ◽  
Pinus Oocarpa ◽  
North Bengal

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium himalayense. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus densiflora, Pinus greggii, Pinus insularis, Pinus kesiya, Pinus longifolia, Pinus oocarpa, Pinus patula, Pinus roxburghii, Pinus taeda, Pinus wallichiana, Pinus sp. DISEASES: Needle cast of pines. Although the biology of this species is not known, it is included here for reference, as other members of the genus, and in particular Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley & Millar (Description Sheet 568), are important pathogens of pines. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: India (Assam, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, North Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh), Sri Lanka. TRANSMISSION: By airborne ascospores in wet or humid conditions.

Davisomycella asiatica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Interesting Species

Abstract A description is provided for Davisomycella asiatica. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus sp. DISEASES: Needle cast of pines. Very little is known of the biology of this recently-described and interesting species, which has some features intermediate between Davisomycella Darker and Elytroderma Darker, but in view of the parasitic behaviour of other members of the same genus in North America, and of the strongly parasitic biology of members of the genus Elytroderma, it must be regarded as a potential pathogen of pines in south-east Asia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Thailand. TRANSMISSION: By airborne ascospores in wet or humid conditions.

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