Gymnosporangium tremelloides. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
G. Laundon

Abstract A description is provided for Gymnosporangium tremelloides. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aecia chiefly on apple (Malus sylvestris) and Sorbus, also on other Malus spp. and quince (Cydonia vulgaris). Telia on Juniperis communis and other species of the 'oxycedrus' group. DISEASE: European apple rust. Aecia on leaves. Juniper gall rust, telia on fusiform or gall-like swellings of the smaller branches of juniper (Juniperus communis) or on hemispheric swellings along the sides of large branches. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed in Europe (but not in Britain) and extending into N.W. Africa. Also in China and in western N. America from Alaska to Colorado and Utah.

Author(s):  
G. Laundon

Abstract A description is provided for Gymnosporangium clavipes. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aecia on quince (Cydonia vulgaris); apple (Malus sylvestris) and hawthorn (Crataegus), also on Amelanchier, Aronia, Cheanomeles, Cotoneaster, Mespilus, Photinia, Pyrus and Sorbus but not of any importance on pear (Pyrus communis). Telia on Juniperus communis, J. sihirica and J. virginiana. DISEASE: Quince rust. Aecia chiefly on fruit, sometimes on fusiform swellings of stems and leaf veins of quince; not reported on apple foliage and though infections damage the fruit aecial pustules are rarely formed on fruit of apple. Telia on slight fusiform swellings of twigs and larger branches of juniper. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread throughout Canada and the USA. Also reported from Mexico (CMI Map 121, ed. 2, 1975).


Author(s):  
G. Laundon

Abstract A description is provided for Gymnosporangium yamadae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aecia on apple (Malus sylvestris) and other Malus spp. Telia on Juniperus chinensis. DISEASE: Japanese apple rust. Aecia on leaves rarely on stems and fruit. Telia on globoid swellings or galls of juniper. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Korea, China.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract Descriptions are given of Trimmatostroma scutellare, which are found on dead decaying branches, twigs and cones of conifers, including information on its geographical distribution (USA (California), Russia, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, UK, Iceland, Norther Ireland, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine), hosts (Abies sp., Cedrus libani, Juniperus communis, Larix decidua, L. europaea, L. kaempferi, L. komarovii, L. sibirica, Larix sp., Pinus contorta, P. maritima var. nigra, P. mugo, P. nigra, P. radiata, P. sibirica, P. sylvestris and Pinus sp.), other associated organisms (Cladosporium cladosporioides and Sclerophoma pithiophila [Sydowia polyspora]), diagnostic features, biology and conservation status.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phyllosticta solitaria Ellis & Everh. Hosts: Malus sylvestris, M. coronaria, Crataegus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Canada, New Brunswick, Denmark, USA, Alabama, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin.


Author(s):  
T. I. Kryvomaz

Abstract A description is provided for Diderma meyerae, a myxomycete which occurs on living branches, living flowers, living and dead stems, living and dead dry fallen twigs, and dry fallen leaves. Some information on its interactions and habitats, economic impacts, intraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Japan, Kazakhstan (Almaty Oblast), Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia (Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Murmansk Oblast), Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine) and associated organism and substrata (Alnus alnobetula, Alnus sp. (stem); Apiaceae indet. (stem); Calluna vulgaris, Epilobium sp., Fagus sylvatica (branch, leaf, twig), Galeopsis tetrahit (flower, twig), Gramineae indet., Juniperus communis, Plantae indet. (twig), Poaceae indet.; Rhododendron ferrugineum, Rhododendron sp. (twig), Rubus sp. (stem), Vaccinium myrtillus (twig), Vaccinium sp. and Diderma niveum).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lachnellula suecica, which is generally regarded as a saprobe, with almost all observations of it as fruitbodies erumpent from bark of dead twigs and small branches. However, L. suecica has been associated with damaging cankers on Pinus contorta in Denmark, in some localities resulting in the near destruction of plantations. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, physiological specialization, geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec), USA (Alaska, California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, New York, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming), Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Japan, Russia, Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Republic of Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine) and hosts (Abies spp., Juniperus communis, Larix spp., Picea spp., Pinus spp. and Tsuga spp.).


Author(s):  
P. W. Crous

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria gracilis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Argyreia splendens, Cocos nucifera, Eucalyptus sp., Malus sylvestris, Manilkara sapota, Medicago sp., Pahudia cochinchinensis, Picea excelsa, Theobroma cacao. DISEASE: Root rot of Eucalyptus, crown and root rot of Medicago (67, 2994; 67, 3493). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Brazil, Canada, India, Malaysia, Vietnam. TRANSMISSION: Probably wind and splash dispersed.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lachnellula fuscosanguinea. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism (it is associated with branch and twig cankers, but also dead needles, twigs and branches and, exceptionally, scales of fallen cones), its transmission, physiological specialization, geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia), USA (California, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Korea Republic, Andorra, Austria, (?)Estonia, Finland, Germany, Norway, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland) and hosts (Juniperus communis and Pinus spp.).


Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk

Abstract A description is provided for Stigmina glomerulosa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: causing minute leaf spots. HOSTS: Juniperus communis. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: EUROPE: Denmark. NORTH AMERICA: USA, Canada.


Author(s):  
G. Laundon

Abstract A description is provided for Gymnosporangium clavariiforme. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aecia principally on hawthorn (Crataegus), also recorded on pear (Pyrus communis), quince (Cydonia vulgaris), Amelanchier, Aronia, Cotoneaster and Sorbus. Telia on Juniperus communis and other species of the 'oxycedrus' group. DISEASE: European hawthorn rust. Aecia on leaves, stems and fruit. Telia on long fusiform swellings or cankers on branches; sometimes witches' brooms present. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Throughout Europe, from Scandinavia, Britain and Spain to the Middle East in Asia. Also in India, Kamchatka, Korea and Japan. In North America, across southern Canada, northern and central USA from coast to coast. Also reported from N. Africa and found in New Zealand but eradicated.


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