Diaporthe citri. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Diaporthe citri. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Citrus aurantifolia, C. aurantium, C. grandis, C. limon, C. parasisi, C. reticulata and C. sinensis. DISEASE: Melanose of Citrus spp. and stem end rot of the fruit. Symptoms occur on the immature leaves, young branches, stalks and fruit. The very small spots enlarge, become water-soaked, sunken, dark with chlorotic halos and develop raised, corky, superficial, necrotic areas up to 1 mm diam. ; this spotting is frequently very abundant and scar-like, necrotic aggregations are formed; on the fruit the spots are sometimes arranged in rings, lines or curves. Leaves are distorted and may fall prematurely. The small, dying branches bear the same raised spots in which both spore stages are found. Diaporthe citri is one of the citrus pathogens which penetrates the fruit at the stem end and causes a rot in storage (7, 713; 23, 386; 50, 679). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in citrus growing areas (CMI Map 126, ed. 2, 1966). TRANSMISSION: Water-borne through the conidia.

Mortierella polycephala. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Mortierella polycephala. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; encountered as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Belgium, China, France, Gibraltar, India, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, UK, Ukraine, former USSR. TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.

Sphaeropsis tumefaciens. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Holliday
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Woody Tissue ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Considerable Damage

Abstract A description is provided for Sphaeropsis tumefaciens. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Citrus aurantifolia and other species of Citrus (sweet orange, rough lemon and ortanique). DISEASES: Knot of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) and other species of Citrus including sweet orange, rough lemon and ortanique. The so-called knots are gall-like growths, rounded (1-7 cm diam.) but sometimes elongated, on the stems. These swellings begin by being covered with normal bark which changes to a whitish, rough, cork-like tissue, this extends in size, becoming fissured, with mueh enlarged woody tissue. The knots are firmly attached and may occur in large numbers over considerable lengths of stem which may be girdled and killed. The surface of the knot may become soft and crumbling, but it is hard inside, where black streaking indicates the presence of mycelium. A gall may form up to 40 shoots, from multiple bud formation, some over 1 m long and often themselves bearing knots or galls (witches' broom effect). These abnormal shoots eventually die. Knots can occur on the trunk and severe infection leads to death of the tree. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Possible confusion with other similar disease-like symptoms in citrus (and because considerable damage only seems to occur in Jamaica) makes the distribution uncertain (CMI Map 386. ed. 1, 1961). Besides Jamaica it occurs in Florida and has been described from Cameroon (27: 564) and India (40: 533); it has also been reported from Ceylon, Cuba, Egypt, Guyana, Indonesia (Java), Venezuela. Some of these records are considered to be doubtful. TRANSMISSION: Not known.

Alternaria limicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Citrus Leaf ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria limicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Citrus aurantifolia. DISEASE: Citrus leaf spot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: N. America: Mexico. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

Phomopsis tersa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
America South ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Phomopsis tersa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Passiflora edulis, P. edulis cv. Flavicarpa and Passilqora sp. (Passifloraceae). DISEASE: Post-harvest stem end rot of passion fruit. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Mauritius); Europe (Malta, Portugal); America (South America: Brazil); Asia (Malaysia, Sarawak, Sri Lanka); Australasia & Oceania (Australia: Queensland; Fiji). TRANSMISSION: Most probably by water-borne conidia during wet or humid conditions. It is also possible that conidia could be disseminated by contaminated knives during harvesting.

Gongronella butleri. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Gongronella butleri. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Malaysia, Mauritius, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nigeria, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Trinidad, Uganda, Uraguay, UK, USA (Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin), former USSR, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.

Mortierella mutabilis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Mortierella mutabilis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Austria, China, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, UK, USA (North Carolina). TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.

Mucor plumbeus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Mucor plumbeus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From grain and soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, former Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel, Kenya, Libya, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Panama, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Switzerland, Uganda, USA (California, New Jersey, New York, Michigan, Pennsylvania), former USSR, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zimbabwe. TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.

Mucor piriformis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Mucor Piriformis ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Mucor piriformis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From decaying fruit (apple, goosberry, nectarine, peach, pear, plum, strawberry, etc.) and soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Austria, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Rumania, Russia, UK, USA (Alabama, California, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Washington). TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.

Cytospora sacchari. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Sorghum Vulgare ◽  
Sheath Rot ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Cytospora sacchari. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mostly on sheaths, also on cuttings, young shoots, stems and stubble of Saccharum officinarum, S. spontaneum and Holcus sorghum (Sorghum vulgare[Sorghum bicolor]). DISEASE: Sheath rot of sugarcane (Cytospora rot). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread with sugarcane but reported on Holcus sorghum (Taiwan). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by water borne conidia.

Guignardia aesculi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Main Host ◽  
Aesculus Glabra ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract A description is provided for Guignardia aesculi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Aesculus glabra, A. hippocastanum (main host) (Hippocastanaceae). Several other species of Aesculus and subspecies including A. ambigua, A. arnoldiana, A. bushii, A. carnea, A. discolor, A. dupontii, A. hybrida, A. mississippiensis, A. mutabilis, A. neglecta, A. octandra, A. pavia, A. splendens, A. turbinata and A. woerlitzensis have been reported to be susceptible (Neely & Himelick, 1963; 50, 2509). DISEASE: Leaf blotch or black rot of Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) and other Aesculus species (5, 706; 28, 38; 64, 4521). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Switzerland, U.K., Yugoslavia); North America (Canada: Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec; U.S.A. : Eastern U.S.A). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by water-borne conidia during wet conditions. Ascomata are produced on leaves left to over winter outside and both conidia and ascospores discharged from over wintered leaves have been reported to infect leaves of seedlings and produce blotch symptoms (Hudson, 1987).

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