Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
J. Walker

Abstract A description is provided for Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Gramineae (in nature on Oryza, Pennisetum, Stenotaphrum, Triticum and possibly others including Axonopus, Chloris and Cynodon; artificially infecting Avena); also said to overwinter on sheaths of Typha latifolia (Tullis, 1951). Due to possible confusion between this fungus and G. graminis var. tritici, the host ranges of both need more detailed study. DISEASE: Crown sheath rot of rice (Ou, 1972) sometimes called brown (or black) sheath rot and Arkansas foot rot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Probably widespread: reported from Australia (NSW), Central African Republic, French Equatorial Africa, India, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan (Ou, 1972), Kenya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sweden (Nilsson, 1972), Tanzania, USA (Ark., La., Texas). TRANSMISSION: Presumably soil-borne. The part played by ascospores in spreading the fungus is not known. It is carried on roots, stolons and leaf sheaths of several grasses. There is one report of possible spread with seed (42, 727; 47, 3058).

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ganoderma philippii (Bres. & P. Henn.) Bres. Hosts: Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea) etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire, ASIA, Burma, India (S.), Indonesia (Java), (Sumatra), Peninsular Malaysia, (Sabah), (Sarawak), Sri Lanka, Vietnam, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea.


Author(s):  
D. J. Stamps

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora katsurae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Chestnut, coconut. DISEASE: Trunk rot of chestnut. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Japan, Taiwan), Oceania (Hawaii), Africa (Ivory Coast), Australasia (Australia (Queensland), Papua New Guinea). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, isolated from forest soils in Taiwan (59, 2349), Queensland and Papua New Guinea and from chestnut orchard soils in Japan (58, 2951).


Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan

Abstract A description is provided for Guignardia dioscoreae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Dioscorea spp. (D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. esculenta, D. fasciculata, D. oppositifolia, D. pentaphylla, D. rogersii, D. totunda, D. tistri, D. villosa). DISEASE: Leaf spot of Dioscorea spp. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Burma, India, Ivory Coast, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, USA, Western Samoa. TRANSMISSION: By waterborne conidia and ascospores.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ganoderma philippii (Bres. & Henn.) Bres. Hosts: Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea) etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire, Asia, Bangladesh, Burma, China, Guangdong, India, Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Peninsular, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Australasia & Oceania, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, South America, Brazil, Bahai, Amazonas.


Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus bicolor. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Andropogon, Apluda, Brachiaria, Cymbopogon, Eleusine, Eragrostis, Melanocenchris, Oryza, Panicum, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Setaria, Sorghum, Triticum, Urochloa, Zea, Zizania. Also isolated from a wide variety of other host plants and soil. DISEASE: Foot rot of wheat, zonate leaf spot of Pennisetum and seedborne (34: 324, 55: 1788, 60: 4427, 62: 4281). The disease is associated with the anamorph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Brazil, Canada, East and West Africa, Ethiopia, India, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, South Africa, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, USA, Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: By infected seeds and air-borne conidia.


Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus cynodontis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cynodon dactylon (very common on this host), other Cynodon spp., Agropyron, Ammi, Arecastrum, Axonopus, Calathea, Chamaedorea, Chrysalidocarpus, Dactyloctenium, Eleusine, Hordeum, Ipomoea, Lycopersicon, Muhlenbergia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Poa, Rhapis, Secale and Zea. DISEASE: Leafspot of Bermuda grass end other crops, leaf blight end brown patches of turf, lawns end golflinks. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei, Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, India, Israel, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Spain, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Trinidad, Turkey, USA, USSR, Venezuela, Yugoslavia and Zambia. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia and seed-borne.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus Viruses: Tenuivirus. Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, Darussalam, China, India, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Indonesia, Java, Nusa, Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Kyushu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, OCEANIA, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytophthora katsurae W.H. Ko & H.S. Chang. Hosts: Cocoa (Theobroma cacao), coconut (Cocos nucifera), Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Australia, Queensland, Cote d'Ivoire, Jamaica, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, USA, Hawaii.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xylosandrus compactus (Eichh.) (Xyleborus morstatti[Xylosandrus compactus] Hag.) (Col., Scolytidae) (Black Twig Borer). Host Plants: Cacao, coffee, avocado, mahogany. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kampuchea, Laos, Malaysia, West Singapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, AFRICA, Benin, Cameroun, Central African, Republic Congo, Republic Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nigeria, Réunion, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, PACIFIC ISLANDS, Fiji, Hawaii, Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Samoa.


Author(s):  
H. Y. M. Leung

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora mikaniicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mikania cordata, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae). DISEASE: Leaf spot and stem canker. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cuba, Colombia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Malaysia, Niue, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, USA (Florida), Vanuatu. TRANSMISSION: Conidia are presumably air-dispersed but there are no detailed studies.


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