Cochliobolus nodulosus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Eleusine Indica

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus nodulosus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Eleusine coracana[Eleusine indica] and E. indica. Also on Echinochloa frumentacea, Panicum miliaceum, Pennisetum typhoideum Saccharum spp., Sorghum spp. and Zea mays. DISEASE: Seedling blight, foot rot and leaf blight of finger millet (Eleusine coracana[Eleusine indica] and E. indica). Elliptical to long rectangular spots form on the leaves, becoming coalescent, straw coloured with narrow red-brown margins. Spikes are infected and may collapse; grain does not form or is undeveloped. Systemic infection has been described for E. indica (37: 78). Many infected plants die in the seedling stage but others show the stunting caused by this type of infection. When older plants were inoculated systemic infection occurred in the new growth only; such plants may show some tillers to be infected and stunted whilst others are normal and healthy. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in E. and S. Africa, also Nigeria and Sierra Leone, in India, Formosa, Malaysia (Sarawak), Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka and USA (Ga, Md, Miss., S. Carol. and Va) (CMI Map 454, ed. 1, 1969). TRANSMISSION: Seed-borne.

Cochliobolus pallescens. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Windward Islands

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus pallescens. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common on many graminicolous and non-graminicolous hosts. Important cereals and grasses include Eleusine, Hordeum, Oryza, Panicum, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Poa, Saccharum, Setaria, Sorghum, Triticum and Zea economically important dicot hosts include Allium (59, 4867), Arachis (53, 1647), Brassica (66, 3075), Canna, Calendula, Calotropis (44, 1832; 66, 3587), Carica (61, 5129), Cinnamomum, Citrus (68, 843), Coriandrum, Dahlia, Fagopyrum (64, 2425), Gaillardia, Hevea (56, 1257; 67, 5560), Musa (54, 4051), Solanum (50, 3484). DISEASE: Leaf spots of cereals, black point of wheat (44, 102), leaf spot and on stems of rubber (56, 1257; 67, 5560), ear rot of barley (62, 1005), rot of garlic (59, 4867). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Malaysia, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Sudan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad, USA, USSR, Venezuela, Windward Islands, Zambia, Zimbabwe. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia and seed-borne.

Cercospora mikaniicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Mikania Micrantha

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora mikaniicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mikania cordata, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae). DISEASE: Leaf spot and stem canker. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cuba, Colombia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Malaysia, Niue, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, USA (Florida), Vanuatu. TRANSMISSION: Conidia are presumably air-dispersed but there are no detailed studies.

Gibberella zeae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Ascospore Discharge ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract A description is provided for Gibberella zeae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Wheat, maize, barley, carnations and other ornamentals; also reported infecting Lycopersicon, Pisum, Trifolium and Solanum DISEASE: Seedling blight, pre-emergence and post-emergence blight, root and foot rot, brown rot, culm decay, head or kernel blight (scab or ear scab) of wheat, maize, barley and other cereals. Leaf and flower rot of carnations and other ornamentals. Also reported infecting species of Lycopersicon, Pisum, Trifolium and Solanum. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide on maize and rice in the tropics. Wheat, oats, barley and rye in temperate regions. TRANSMISSION: By planting infected or infested seeds or by planting in infested soil. Secondary infection occurs widely by water droplets under moist conditions or by ascospore discharge.

Cercospora duddiae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Little
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Water Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora duddiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium ascalonicum, A. cepa, A. fistulosum, A porrum, A. sativum. DISEASE: Leaf spot or withertip on onion and garlic. The symptoms vary on the different host species. On onion circular, chlorotic spots 3-5 mm diam. form mainly on the tip of the leaf, gradually decreasing in number towards the leaf base. The lesions at the leaf tip coalesce, forming a dry greyish-brown area, and in severe cases the entire leaf tip may be killed. The base of the leaf is mottled with brown necrotic leaf spots. Eventually the necrotic tissue may spread down the leaf surface, delimited by a narrow band (3 mm) of chlorotic tissue (Welles, 1923). Rarely does the disease cause much damage (Chupp & Sherf, 1960). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Uganda; Asia: Borneo, Brunei, Burma, India, Indonesia, Oman, The Yemen; Australasia: Papua New Guinea; North America: West Indies (Barbados, Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne or water-splash dispersed conidia, and by transportation with onion parts. The fungus is also reported to be seed borne (Chupp & Sherf, 1960).

Cochliobolus eragrostidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus eragrostidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Agave, Allium, Alysicarpus, Amorphophallus, Anacardium, Arachis, Areca, Billbergia, Calamus, Callitris, Calotropis, Camellia, Cananga, Capsicum, Citrullus, Citrus, Clerodendron, Cocos, Coffea, Colocasia, Cymbopogon, Dendrobium, Digitaria, Dioscorea, Dracaena, Durio, Elaeis, Eragrostis, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Furcraea, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gossypium, Heliconia, Hevea, Hystrix, Ipomoea, Kaempferia, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Manihot, Mystroxylon, Musa, Neyraudia, Oldenlandia, Opuntia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Pentas, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Pinus, Polygala, Pueraria, Raphia, Raphanus, Rhodomyrtus, Rhoeo, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Spinacia, Sporobolus, Stylosanthes, Theobroma, Thrasya, Tradescantia, Trichosanthes, Triplochiton, Triticum, Vanda, Vigna, Zea, Zingiber and soil. DISEASE: Leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Burma, Colombia, Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Trinidad, USA, Zambia, Zaire. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia.

Nigrospora sphaerica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Windward Islands

Abstract A description is provided for Nigrospora sphaerica. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Abelmoschus, Acacia, Acropera, Album, Ananas, Anthurium, Amaranthus, Andropogon, Arachis, Aralia, Araucaria, Areca, Argemone, Artocarpus, Arundinaria, Asparagus, Axonopus, Bambusa, Banhinia, Bridelia, Brassica, Cajanus, Calamus, Calotropis, Camellia, Capsicum, Cardamomum, Carex, Carica, Coriandrum, Cenchrus, Centrosema, Chasmopodium, Chloris, Cicer, Cinnamomum, Citrullus, Citrus, Cocos, Coffea, Coix, Cola, Colea, Coriandrum, Crotalaria, Cucumis, Culcasia, Cupressus, Cymbopogon, Cyperus, Dianthus, Dichanthium, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Emblica, Erianthus, Eriobotrya, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Feronia, Ficus, Fragaria, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gomphrena, Gossypium, Hevea, Hibiscus, Hordeum, Hydrangea, Hymantrudae, Hyparrhenia, Ipomoea, Jatropha, Lactuca, Luffa, Lycopersicon, Macadamia, Mormodica, Morus, Lathyrus, Malus, Mangifera, Musa, Nicotiana, Neomarica, Nephelium, Nothofagus, Oncidium, Ophiuros, Oryza, Oxytenanthera, Panicum, Papaver, Pelargonium, Pennisetum, Pueraria, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Phragmites, Physalis, Pinus, Piper, Pistia, Populus, Prunus, Pseudotsuga, Psidium, Psophocarpus, Pyrethrum, Raphanus, Ricinus, Robinia, Rosa, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Salvia, Shorea, Solanum, Sorghum, Sporobolus, Sphenoclea, Stevia, Stigmaphyllon, Strychnos, Tabebuia, Tabemaemontana, Theobroma, Trichosanthes, Trigonella, Triticum, Vicia, Vitex, Xanthosoma, Zea, Zizyphus; also from air, animals (including man and Ceroplastus), soil and plant debris, and stored foods. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. Associated with 'squirter' and 'black end' disease of banana. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain (Canary Islands), Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Nepal, Pakistan, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Sarawak, Sri Lanka, Syria. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, New Zealand, Norfolk Islands, Papua New Guinea, Tonga. EUROPE: Italy, Turkey, UK. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Cuba, Honduras, Jamaica, Trinidad, Windward Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Apiospora montagnei. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Windward Islands

Abstract A description is provided for Apiospora montagnei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acer, Agropyron, Ammophila, Andropogon, Arachis, Areca, Aristida, Arundinaria, Bambusa, Brassica, Capsicum, Carex, Chrysanthemum, Cicer, Cinnamomum, Coffea, Colocasia, Coriandrum, Cortaderia, Cucumis, Cupressus, Cynodon, Cyperus, Dactylis, Dendrocalamus, Desmostachya, Deschampsia, Dioscorea, Dolichos, Donax, Elaeis, Elymus, Eucalyptus, Eugenia, Fagus, Ficus, Fragaria, Fraxinus, Gossypium, Hippocratea, Holcus, Hordeum, Hyparrhenia, Ilex, Lactuca, Lens, Leucaena, Lycopersicon, Malus, Manihot, Musa, Myrica, Nectandra, Nicotiana, Ochlandra, Oryza, Oxytenanthera, Phalaris, Phenacoccus, Phragmites, Pinus, Pisum, Prunus, Psamma, Pseudotsuga, Pyrus, Ricinus, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sambucus, Sesamum, Solanum, Sorindeia, Spartinia, Spiraea, Stylosanthes, Themeda, Theobroma, Triticum, Urtica, Vigna, Vitis, Zea; also from air, animals, hay, food (bread, dried peas), molasses, soil and plant debris. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria, Portugal (Azores), Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Burma, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Solomon Islands, USA (Hawaii). EUROPE: Belgium, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Eire, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK, USSR. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Cuba, Jamaica, Windward Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Pithomyces sacchari. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stored Grain

Abstract A description is provided for Pithomyces sacchari. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Abrus, Anacardium, Ananas, Andropogon, Areca, Aristida, Arundinella, Borassus, Cajanus, Camellia, Canavalia, Casuarina, Citrus, Coffea, Coix, Cycas, Cynodon, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Eucalyptus, Gladiolus, Imperata, Lolium, Lucerne, Medicago, Musa, Nicotiana, Ophiuros, Oryza, Peltophorum, Rhus, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Themeda, Triticum, Vigna, Withania, Zea; also from air, food (milk, stored grain), soil and plant debris, textiles, and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Hong Kong, India, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii). NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Jamaica, Trinidad. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Cercospora beticola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Cercospora Beticola ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora beticola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Beta ciclae, B. maritima (wild sea beet), B. putternulaei, B. trigyna, B. vulgaris (beet, sugar beet), Chenopodium ambrosioides (wormseed), C. beticola, C. murale, C. polyspermi, C. urbicum, Spinacea oleracea (spinach). DISEASE: Causing whitish, grey or pale brown spots usually surrounded by a narrow reddish-purple or brown border on living and wilting leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), Asia (Hong Kong, India, Malaya, Nepal, Pakistan), East Indies (Borneo, Papua New Guinea), Europe (Channel Isles, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, England, France, Germany, Italy, Malta, Poland, Roumania, Switzerland), Middle East (Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Oman, Turkey), North America (USA), South America (Venezuela), West Indies (Antigua, Cuba, Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: Wind dispersal of conidia showed diurnal periodicity with a peak at 10.00 hrs. The increase in concentration of conidia above the crop coincided with an increase in wind speed and temperature and a decrease in RH. The largest number of conidia were trapped on warm dry days following rain or overnight dew (50, 362). Epiphytotics were proceeded by periods of 6h at more than 90% RH for 3-4 successive days and at a temperature of more than 12.5°C (55, 1205).

Phyllachora pterocarpi. [Distribution map].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phyllachora pterocarpi H. Sydow. Hosts: Pterocarpus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Ghana, Guinea, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Transvaal, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Brunei, Indonesia, Java, Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysia, Singapore, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.

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