Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Holliday
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Acute Form ◽  
Leaf Necrosis ◽  
Internal Necrosis

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Elaeis guineensis. DISEASE: A vascular wilt of the oil palm was first reported from Africa (26: 103; 28: 124). In young palms the first symptom is an extensive chlorosis in some of the central leaves (4th-15th). This is followed by leaf necrosis (giving a flat-topped appearance) and death within a year. In mature palms leaf wilt and necrosis and breaking of the rachis may be rapid, causing death in a few months (acute form). But in the chronic form the progressive dying of the crown inwards may be very slow with new, though smaller, leaves being produced. The vascular tissue in roots and stems becomes orange, darkening progressively to black. It is very characteristic of the disease that the internal necrosis is restricted to the xylem region. Elaeis madagascariensis and E. melanococca have also been found to be affected (37: 52). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: First found in the Congo, then later in Nigeria (27: 523), Cameroon (40: 148) and Colombia (46, 3389). TRANSMISSION: Presumably through soil.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
West And Central Africa

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Elaeis guineensis (Oil palm). May also infect E. oleifera, E. madagascariensis and E. melanococca. DISEASE: Vascular wilt. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: West and central Africa: Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire. Possibly Colombia. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil or plant material. Potentially by means of seed (52, 4182).

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis Toovey. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Cameroon, Congo, Nigeria, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
South Brazil

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Musa sp., Heliconia sp. DISEASE: Panama disease (vascular wilt) of banana. Also vascular wilt of abaca (Musa textilis). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. Africa: Burundi, Cameroun, Canary Is., Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique (50, 3049), Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Tanzania (incl. Zanzibar), Uganda, Zaire. America: North: Florida (68, 905); South: Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba (56, 4615), Dominica, Guadeloupe, Jamaica. Australasia: Australia, Brunei (51, 3059), Guam (60, 3258), India (68, 5699; 69, 657), Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand. IMI Distribution Map 31. TRANSMISSION: Through human transportation of infected planting material, plant debris or soil.

scholarly journals Effect of NaCl on the development of the oil palm vascular wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-21
Author(s):  
Jacques S. B. Dossa ◽  
Michaël Pernaci ◽  
Euloge C. Togbé ◽  
Euloge K. Agbossou ◽  
Bonaventure C. Ahohuendo
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Sporulation Rate

Oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) is one of the cash crops that mainly contributes to the gross domestic production of growing countries. This crop is grown worldwide throughout the humid intertropical belt. Its production in Africa is mainly threatened by the telluric fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis, causal agent of the oil palm vascular wilt. It has been reported that some environmental factors, such as soil and air salinity, may determine the survival, development and severity of phytopathogenic agents including Fusarium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of NaCl on growth, reproduction and pathogenic traits of this fungus by measuring mycelium daily growth, mycelium dry weight, sporulation rate, germination rate and number of infectious spores under four NaCl concentrations (0 g.L-1, 2.5 g.L-1, 5 g.L-1 ,10 g.L-1) of culture medium (MM solid medium and Armstrong liquid medium). The results indicated that NaCl reduced the radial daily growth and mycelium dry weight. In addition, the NaCl reduced significantly the sporulation rate and number of infectious spores while increasing the germination rate. Overall, these results indicated the negative NaCl effect on the development and the fitness of this pathogenic fungus. Thus, NaCl inputs appeared to be a potential solution for managing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis in the field, if a good balance between a decrease of disease incidence and yield loss is reached.

scholarly journals Disease incidence, severity and changes in morphological characteristics of some high value hybrid genotypes of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings as influenced by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Elaeidis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2383-2397
Author(s):  
Galdima Madi ◽  
Godswill Ntsomboh-Ntsefong ◽  
Georges Frank Ngando Ebongue ◽  
Aurelie Nyaka Ngobisa ◽  
Victor Désiré Taffouo
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Vascular Wilt

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis (F.o.e) which is a causative agent of vascular wilt disease is the main threat to oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation in Africa. Its effects are more widely known on adult palms at production stage than on palm trees at the pre-nursery stage. The aim of his study was to evaluate the effects of F.o.e on the morphological parameters and the disease incidence and severity on seedlings during four months of pre-nursery stage. Ten high value hybrid genotypes of germinated seeds, including three tolerant to F.o.e were used. Seedlings were inoculated at four weeks of age with F.o.e. The morphological parameters (height and stem diameter of the seedlings, leaf length and width, leaf area) were recorded every two weeks and the disease incidence and severity on seedlings were determined. All the observed parameters were negatively influenced by F.o.e. Seedling height showed the highest difference (5.34%) and two genotypes (T1N and T3F) out of the ten assessed recorded no influence of F.o.e. As these results are not correlated with the internal symptoms of vascular wilt, it is not evident to deduce tolerance of the progeny solely based on F.o.e effects on the growth traits. There was a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.67, P<0.05) between the index of Fusarium (IF) and the disease severity, between the IF and disease incidence (r = 0.85, P< 0.01). However, the correlation between the IF and seedling morphology was negative and not significant (r = - 0.17, P> 0.05). The morphological parameters of T3N and T5N genotypes initially known to be susceptible to Fusarium wilt were the most affected (19.05% and 13.33% respectively) of the inoculated seedlings compared to control seedlings. T1N initially known to be susceptible here manifested signs of tolerance confirming the observations made on internal symptoms. Moreover, T3F, T2F and T1F progenies recorded an IF<100 and have also been morphologically more efficient thus confirming their Fusarium tolerance status. These results may serve as a pre-diagnostic index of Fusarium wilt in oil palm.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis, growth parameters, hybrid genotypes, pre-nursery.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Infected Plant Material

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), Nicotiana (tobacco). The fungus may infect a wide range of other plants in Convolvulaceae (63, 1065) and other families, sometimes without causing wilt symptoms. DISEASE: Vascular wilt, sometimes called stem rot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Brazil (62, 525), China, Hawaii, India, Japan, Malawi, New Zealand. The disease occurs in temperate rather than tropical regions. TRANSMISSION: The fungus may survive in soil for many years as chlamydospores. Transmission may occur by means of infected plant material used for propagation, or through contaminated soil.

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis. [Distribution map].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.elaeidis Toovey. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Benin, Brazil, Amazonas, Para, Cameroon, Colombia, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Ghana, Nigeria, Suriname, Zaire.

scholarly journals Control Approaches against Vascular Wilt Disease of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong ◽  
G. F. Ngando Ebongue ◽  
Koona Paul ◽  
Bell Joseph Martin ◽  
Youmbi Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Resistant Plant ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
Vascular Wilt Disease

The oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq., is the most important and highest oil yielding crop in the world. Two types of oils are produced from its fruits, crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO). Palm oil is used for food purposes, oleo-chemicals, pharmaceutical purposes, health supplement and as a source of biofuel. Among the various challenges faced by farmers of this crop are diseases like Ganoderma (common in Asia), bud rot (Latin America) and vascular wilt (Africa) that affect growth and reduce oil yields. Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis results in serious damages on oil palm culture in Africa. Various methods of control which have been tried against the disease are: selection of resistant or tolerant plant material, soil renewal, chemical control, stimulation of defense reactions, and the use of cover crop and potassium (K) fertilizer. The only most feasible and eco-friendly control method presently considered to be most effective against the disease is research for resistant plant material through artificial inoculation of plantlets in the pre-nursery with pathogenic fungus. Selection is based on the sensitivity of oil palm strains to the fungal inoculum. The present review outlines the importance of oil palm and the various approaches to fight against vascular wilt disease, with emphasis on biological control by the use of resistant plant material.

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