Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. S. Onions
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Scopulariopsis Brevicaulis

Abstract A description is provided for Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Occurs in soil and on stored grain, forage products and decaying vegetation. Also on animal products such as leather, wool, bone, cheese, on insects, and from skin and nail infections. See Raper & Thom, pp. 702-703, 1949. DISEASES: Onychomycosis (mycoses). This fungus is most commonly encountered as a parasite causing onychomycosis in man, in which the nails become brittle, thickened and white. The condition is fully described by Martin-Scott (RMVM 2, 841). It also causes dermatomycosis of the feet and other parts of the body (Raper & Thom, 1949, p. 704) and has been recorded from hair, tonsils, appendix and tongue. A short summary of pathogenicity is given by Raper & Thom (1949, p. 703-704). It has been recorded from insects, cattle, llama, dog, mouse, pelicans and rodents. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in soil, and diseases have been reported from Asia, Europe, N., C. and S. America.

Mucor pusillus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Subsequent Loss

Abstract A description is provided for Mucor pusillus[Rhizomucor pusillus]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On soil, air, mushroom compost, stored barley, fermenting cacao, bagasse, birds' nests and pathogenic to man and other warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASE: Plants: causes storage rot and subsequent loss of stored grain which can be controlled by preventing heating of grain by adequate drying and ventilation and prevention of storage pests which often initiate heating and subsequent moulding. Man and animals: A commonly reported cause of phycomycosis in man and other warm blooded animals. It has been recorded from infections of many organs of the body including the alimentary tract, brain, heart, lungs, lymph nodes and nasopharynx of various hosts. The host range includes man (RMVM 2, 690; 9, 984, 469), cattle (RMVM 9, 473; 10, 1970), dog, harp seal (RMVM 3, 1664), horse (RMVM 3, 1249), pig, sheep (Borodenok, 1961) and wild fowl. It also causes mycotic abortion in cattle. It has been used in studies on experimental phycomycosis in mice (RMVM 3, 1566; 2, 1916), rabbits (RMVM 7, 4027; 2, 690), guineapig (RMVM 2, 690) and fowl (RMVM 7, 863). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Probably world-wide. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne spores.

Entomophthora grylli. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nomadacris Septemfasciata ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
East Central ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
The Dead ◽  
External Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Entomophthora grylli. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Orthoptera; nymph and adults of grasshoppers and locusts; there have also been records on Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera (MacLeod & Muller-Kogler, 1973). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, including Britain; Canada; East, Central and South Africa. Fresenius quotes a record at 6000 ft near St. Moritz. DISEASE: The disease, causing epizootics in red locusts, Cyrtacanthacra septemfasciata (Nomadacris septemfasciata), in S. Africa is described by Skaife (1925). Infection is by germinating conidia which penetrate the integument. Dying insects characteristically climb up grass stems and die, apparently embracing the stem. The body becomes soft and easily disintegrates. The abdomen curls upward and backwards. Shortly after death a white, buff or greenish furry growth appears from the intersegmental membrane, leg joints, junction of the head and thorax and at the base of the antennae. The growth is made up of club-shaped conidiogenous cells which forcibly discharge conidia around the dead insect. Conidia, coated with the sticky contents of the conidiophore, are discharged in the evening, when the insects are clustered together and adhere to the surface of healthy individuals. A total of about 1% of locusts throughout the season die showing no external growth but are filled with resting spores; other individuals appear to be immune.

scholarly journals A Review of Microbial Contamination in Processed and Street Foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-341
Author(s):  
Muthukumaran P ◽  
Karthikeyan R ◽  
Nirmal Kumar R
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Handler ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Foodborne Infection ◽  
Sufficient Food

As a basic physiology need threat to sufficient food, production is threat to human survival food security was a main issue that has gained global concern. This paper looks at the food borne contamination by assessing the availability of food and accessibility of the available food from a food as a microbiologist’s perspective, there are several microorganisms similarly viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and parasites for which foods serve as vehicles of transmission. Among these agents, several bacteria are most commonly implicated in foodborne outbreak episodes. Foodborne diseases in human beings are caused either by straight contact with infested food animals/animal products (zoonotic) or humans, such as a food handler, or by direct absorption of polluted foods. There are three important terms with regard to foodborne diseases foodborne infections, foodborne toxicoinfections and foodborne intoxications. Foodborne infection is the condition caused by the incorporation of viable cells of a pathogen. For example, Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli infections are brought about by the ingestion of food contaminated with living cells of these pathogens. Finally, foodborne toxicoinfection is that in which the ingestion of viable pathogenic cells causes the toxins productions inside the human body, leading to infection episodes. For example, Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin inside the body after being ingested by the host. The morphology, Gram’s reaction, biochemical properties, and associated foods with important foodborne bacteria.

Lecanicillium lecanii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zare
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Lecanicillium Lecanii ◽  
Coccus Viridis ◽  
Insect Family

Abstract A description is provided for Lecanicillium lecanii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Insect-pathogenic; the fungus penetrates the body of its hosts, sporulates and eventually kills them. HOSTS: Members of the homopteran insect family Coccidae, particularly the green coffee scale, Coccus viridis. Other hosts: Ceroplastes (Lo & CHAPMAN, 1998), Parthenolecanium (SAMŠINAKOVÀ & KALALOVÀ, 1975), Philephedra (PENA & MCMILLAN, 1986), Planococcus (GONZÀLEZ et al., 1995), Saissetia (MENDEL et al., 1984) and a black Aleyrodes (PETCH, 1925). Cephalosporium coccorum was recorded on Chionaspis and Lepidosaphes in England (PETCH, 1925). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Mainly tropical. NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica. SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador (Galápagos Is), Peru. ASIA: China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Great Britain, Turkey. TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.

A new locality of Koeneniodes madecassus Remy, 1950 (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) in China, with the first complete redescription of a Koeneniodes species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4658 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-555
Author(s):  
YUN BU ◽  
MAYSA FERNANDA VILLELA REZENDE SOUZA ◽  
RODRIGO LOPES FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
The Body ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
First Time

Koeneniodes madecassus Remy, 1950 is reported from Guangxi Province, Southwest China for the first time. Since there has been neither a Koeneniodes record nor any morphological addendum since 1997, several traits used in contemporary palpigrade taxonomy have remained unknown for this genus. Here, we redescribe K. madecassus according to modern standards and provide information on the chaetotaxy of the pedipalp and the four legs, the shape of setae on the body, and some relevant measurements and indices. The geographical distribution of the species is outlined and discussed.

scholarly journals Природні детоксиканти в раціоні та їх вплив на продуктивність і якість продуктів забою свиней на відгодівлі

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
L.S. Dyachenko ◽  
T.L. Syvyc ◽  
O.M. Tytariova ◽  
O.A. Kuzmenko ◽  
V.V. Bilkevich
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Beet Pulp

<p> </p><p>Among the pollutants one of the main factor is heavy metals. Cadmium, a typical representative of this group has a very toxic effect on both the animal and the human. It is not involved in the vital processes of living organisms. Instead, exceeding the maximum permissible levels of cadmium has negative affects on animal, and accumulation in the tissues, is a threat to human life - the consumer of animal products. The results of research show efficiency of dry apple pulp and dry beet pulp as natural detoxicant of heavy metals, including cadmium, in the body of young pigs. Experimentally proved that the cadmium content in complete feed with the maximum permissible level (1 mg/kg) predetermined decrease of average daily gain of pigs experimental group, compared with the control, by 10.8% and increase of feed conversion by 9.8%. The introduction to the mixed fodder of dry apple pulp (45 g/kg) or dry beet pulp (45 g/kg) with of the same cadmium content contributed that the productivity of animals, the cost of feed for 1 kg of growth, slaughter weight, carcass yield, weight mascara and economic efficiency of fattening young pigs approaching to the level of control. In addition, the use of dry apple pulp and dry beet pulp as natural forage detoxicant in diets of young pigs helps significantly (P &lt;0.05-0.001), reduction of heavy metals, including cadmium in products of slaughter (meat, bacon, liver, kidney, heart), which increases their purity, environmental safety and competitiveness.</p>

scholarly journals THE USE OF NATURAL HIGHLY STRUCTURED SILICON-CONTAINING ADDITIVES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC ANIMAL PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
S.V. Dezhatkina ◽  
◽  
V.A. Isaychev ◽  
M.E. Dezhatkin ◽  
L.P. Pulycherovsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The influence of highly structured silicon-containing zeolite enriched with the amino acid complex "VitaAmin" on the general state of the body and productivity indicators in dairy cows and calves was studied. The object of the study for this purpose was selected black-and-white cattle. The first group – control, the second-experience, with the introduction of supplements in the diet. As an additive, we used natural zeolite from the Yushanskoye deposit in the Ulyanovsk region, which was subjected to technological processing in the factory. We used a new technology of activation, structuring, dehydration, and enrichment of zeolite with amino acids. This supplement is of pure natural origin, does not contain chemical components. In young animals, the average daily weight gain increases by 14.9 %, compared with the control. The average daily milk yield of cows during the experiment was 24.7 kg of milk, compared to 20.88 kg in the control. The increase was 3.82 kg per day, for the experiment 0.687 tons of milk was obtained additionally due to the use of the additive. Under its influence, the processes of milk synthesis, metabolism, and anabolic processes in young animals are activated in the body of cattle.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NaOH TERHADAP KUALITAS TEPUNG TULANG IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Mubin ◽  
Indri Anggreani ◽  
Finarti ◽  
Alismi M. Salanggon
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Boiling Temperature ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Fishbone is one form of waste from fish processing. Milkfish bone flour has high calcium and phosphorus content and can be an alternative source for the fulfillment of calcium and phosphorus in the body. The aimed of this research to find out the effect of NaOH concentration on the quality of milkfish bone meal (Chanos chanos). The research was conducted at the Animal Products Technology Laboratory, Tadulako University. Simultaneously, the analysis of calcium and water content was located at the Soil Science Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tadulako. The length of time for the study is one month from March -April 2019. The research method that will be used is an experiment with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the effect of NaOH concentration as follows: P1: 1% NaOH with a boiling temperature of 70 oC; P2: 2% NaOH with a boiling temperature of 70 oC; P3: 3% NaOH with a boiling temperature of 70 oC; and P4: 4% NaOH with a boiling temperature of 70 oC. The results of variance showed that it could be stated that the results of the analysis of calcium levels with the influence of NaOH concentration on the quality of milkfish bone meal do not have a significant effect on the value of calcium levels in fishbone meal flour.

Pithomyces sacchari. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stored Grain

Abstract A description is provided for Pithomyces sacchari. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Abrus, Anacardium, Ananas, Andropogon, Areca, Aristida, Arundinella, Borassus, Cajanus, Camellia, Canavalia, Casuarina, Citrus, Coffea, Coix, Cycas, Cynodon, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Eucalyptus, Gladiolus, Imperata, Lolium, Lucerne, Medicago, Musa, Nicotiana, Ophiuros, Oryza, Peltophorum, Rhus, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Themeda, Triticum, Vigna, Withania, Zea; also from air, food (milk, stored grain), soil and plant debris, textiles, and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Hong Kong, India, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii). NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Jamaica, Trinidad. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Anthrax

2010 ◽  
pp. 783-788
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Brown ◽  
Thira Sirisanthana
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Warfare ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Herbivorous Mammals

Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivorous mammals, caused by the Gram-positive rod Bacillus anthracis, which causes human infection when its spores enter the body, most commonly from handling infected animals or animal products. The disease occurs in most countries of the world, but not in those where the condition is controlled in livestock by vaccination programmes. Anthrax is a leading agent of biological warfare....

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