scholarly journals Social support and infant malnutrition: a case–control study in an urban area of Southeastern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonieta de B. L. Carvalhaes ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Low Income Children ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Control Study

The relationship between malnutrition and social support was first suggested in the mid-1990s. Despite its plausibility, no empirical studies aimed at obtaining evidence of this association could be located. The goal of the present study was to investigate such evidence. A case–control study was carried out including 101 malnourished children (weight-for-age National Center for Health Statistics/WHO 5th percentile) aged 12–23 months, who were compared with 200 well-nourished children with regard to exposure to a series of factors related to their social support system. Univariate and multiple logistic regressions were carried out, odds ratios being adjusted for per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children. The presence of an interaction between income and social support variables was also tested. Absence of a partner living with the mother increased risk of malnutrition (odds ratio 2·4 (95 % CI 1·19, 4·89)), even after adjustment for per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children. The lack of economic support during adverse situations accounted for a very high risk of malnutrition (odds ratio 10·1 (95 % CI 3·48, 29·13)) among low-income children, but had no effect on children of higher-income families. Results indicate that receiving economic support is an efficient risk modulator for malnutrition among low-income children. In addition, it was shown that the absence of a partner living with the mother is an important risk factor for malnutrition, with an effect independent from per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children.

scholarly journals Gestational weight gain is a risk factor of stunting among children aged 6-23 months in Bangli District, Bali, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Ayu Wulan Noviyanti ◽  
I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
Kadek Tresna Adhi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy ◽  
Control Study

Background and purpose: Stunting in children is a chronic nutritional concern that has short-term and long-term health effects. Several studies have shown inconsistent results related to the association between stunting and anemia and increased maternal weight during pregnancy. This study aims to determine anemia during pregnancy, increased body weight and weight gain during pregnancy based on body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy stunting with.Method: A case control study was carried out using the baseline data of an intervention studyconducted from April to September to prevent stunting in children aged 6-23 months in nine villages in Bangli District, Bali Province. Baseline data collection was conducted from December 2017–February 2018 by interviews with 330 mothers of the children and observation of their ANC records. The number of samples for the case control study was 156 children aged 6-23 months consisting of 78 cases and 78 controls (1:1). Cases were selected by systematic random sampling from 82 children with stunting and controls were selected in the same way from 248 children without stunting. Data analyzed were maternal age at pregnancy, education, employment, number of children, family income, height, hemoglobin level and maternal body weight during pregnancy. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was conducted to determine the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of each risk factor.Results: The increase in maternal weight during pregnancy which is not in accordance with maternal BMI before pregnancy and an increase in maternal weight of <10 or >12.5 kilograms are significantly associated with stunting with AOR=3.53 (95%CI: 1,55-8.07) and AOR=3.31 (95%CI: 1.24-8.85). Hemoglobin <11gr/dL during pregnancy was not found to be significantly associated with stunting (AOR=5.02; 95%CI: 0.80–31.71).Conclusion: The increase of maternal weight during pregnancy which is not suitable with BMI before pregnancy and an increase in maternal weight of <10 or >12.5 kilograms are risk factors for stunting in children aged 6-23 months. In addition to monitoring the increase of maternal weight during pregnancy, it is important to consider the mother's BMI before pregnancy in order to reduce the risk of stunting.

scholarly journals Malnutrition in the second year of life and psychosocial care: a case-control study in an urban area of Southeast Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2311-2318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Behaviors ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Weight For Age

The present study aimed to identify and measure the relationship between malnutrition and psychosocial care in the second year of life. A case-control study compared 101 malnourished 12-23-month-old children (weight-for-age < 5th percentile, WHO/NCHS) to 200 well-nourished children (weight-for-age > 25th percentile) for exposure to various maternal behaviors related to psychosocial care. A psychosocial care score was constructed, based on the number of desirable maternal behaviors that were absent (the higher the score, the worse the quality of childcare). The association was modified by per capita family income. After adjusting for possible confounders, children from higher-income households showed no association between psychosocial care and malnutrition. For children from lower-income households, worse psychosocial care doubled the risk of malnutrition (OR = 7.26; 95%CI: 2.42-21.82) compared to low income alone (OR = 3.08; 95%CI: 1.28-7.42).

scholarly journals Risk factors for suicidal tendency in people with epilepsy in China: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mintao Lin ◽  
Jiani Chen ◽  
Sisi Li ◽  
Yingjie Qin ◽  
Xuruan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Conditional Inference ◽  
Suicidal Tendency ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractPeople with epilepsy (PWE) have an increased suicide prevalence. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for suicidal tendency among PWE in West China. A nested case–control study was designed in a cohort of patients with epilepsy (n = 2087). In total, 28 variates were calculated. In the univariate analysis, unemployment, low income, seizure frequency, seizure-free time, infectious or structural etiology, levetiracetam or phenobarbital use, anxiety, depression, and stigma were associated with suicidal tendency. A multivariate analysis indicated that unemployment (odds ratio [OR] 5.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13–15.48), levetiracetam use (OR 2.80, 95%CI 1.11–7.05), depression (C-NDDI-E score ≥ 13; OR 3.21, 95%CI 1.26–8.21), and stigma (SSCI score ≥ 16; OR 6.67, 95%CI 1.80–24.69) were independently associated with suicidal tendency. Conditional inference tree analysis indicated that SSCI and C-NDDI-E scores could effectively identify patients with suicidal tendency. Thus, this study suggests that unemployment, levetiracetam use, depression, and stigma are independent risk factors for suicidal tendency in PWE in China.

754 Social Determinants Associated with Paediatric Burn Injury: A Population Based, Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S210-S211
Author(s):  
Adam A Padalko ◽  
Justin Gawaziuk ◽  
Sarvesh Logsetty
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Teen Mother ◽  
Income Household ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Income Assistance ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction Children are disproportionately represented as victims of burn injury compared to adults. Life-long sequelae post-burn manifest as increased rates of mental and physical illness, substance abuse, and suicide. Social determinants of health (SDoH) influence risk of injury, however the extent and influence of SDoH on burn injury is less clear. To determine which social determinants influence burn injury in children, a retrospective case-control study was conducted. Methods Children (&lt; 17 years of age) admitted to a regional burn centre between January 1 1999 and March 30 2017 were matched based on age, sex and geographic location 1:5 with an uninjured cohort. Population level administrative data describing the SDoH, at the regional administrative multifaceted data repository were compared between the cohorts. Thirteen SDoH were chosen based on a systematic review conducted by the research team. Results No significant differences existed in descriptive statistics between the burn and control cohorts. Mean age at burn injury = 5.46 (± 5.23), average TBSA (%) = 10.5 (± 13.4). The most common mechanism of burn injury was scald (42.03%) Upon multivariable logistic regression, children: from a low-income household (O.R. 1.97 (1.46, 2.65)); in foster care (O.R. 1.57 (1.11, 2.21)); from a family that received income assistance (O.R. 1.71 (1.33, 2.19)); or born to a teen mother (O.R. 1.43 (1.13, 1.81)) were associated with an increased risk of burn injury. Conclusions This study identified SDoH associated with an increased risk of burn injury. This case-control study supports the finding that children from a low-income household, children in care, from a family that received income assistance, and children born to a teen mother are at an elevated risk of burn injury. Applicability of Research to Practice Identifying children at increased potential risk provides an opportunity to prevent burn injuries, bypassing the associated long-term physical disfigurement, life-long mental health consequences and mortality. This study also has merit in maximizing the efficiency of a burn prevention budget through targeted burn safety and risk reduction programs.

scholarly journals Social Determinants Associated with Pediatric Burn Injury: A Population-Based, Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-750
Author(s):  
Adam Padalko ◽  
Justin Gawaziuk ◽  
Dan Chateau ◽  
Jitender Sareen ◽  
Sarvesh Logsetty
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Teen Mother ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Income Assistance ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Social determinants of health (SDoH) influence risk of injury. We conducted a population-based, case–control study to identify which social determinants influence burn injury in children. Children (≤16 years of age) admitted to a Canadian regional burn center between January 1, 1999 and March 30, 2017 were matched based on age, sex, and geographic location 1:5 with an uninjured control cohort from the general population. Population-level administrative data describing the SDoH at the Manitoba Center for Health Policy (MCHP) were compared between the cohorts. Specific SDoH were chosen based on a published systematic review conducted by the research team. In the final multivariable model, children from a low-income household odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) 1.97 (1.46, 2.65), in care 1.57 (1.11, 2.21), from a family that received income assistance 1.71 (1.33, 2.19) and born to a teen mother 1.43 (1.13, 1.81) were significantly associated with an increased risk of pediatric burn injury. This study identified SDoH that are associated with an increased risk of burn injury. This case–control study supports the finding that children from a low-income household, children in care, from a family that received income assistance, and children born to a teen mother are at an elevated risk of burn injury. Identifying children at increased potential risk allows targeting of burn risk reduction and home safety programs.

Education and risk for acute myocardial infarction in 52 high, middle and low-income countries: INTERHEART case-control study

Heart ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (24) ◽  
pp. 2014-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rosengren ◽  
S V Subramanian ◽  
S Islam ◽  
C K Chow ◽  
A Avezum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and low birth weight: case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e692986538
Author(s):  
Priscilla Perez da Silva Pereira ◽  
Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo ◽  
Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo da Mata ◽  
Roberta Borges Silva ◽  
Mauricio Gomes Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Maternal Consumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

The birth weight of newborn is an indicator that reflects maternal health conditions and the healthcare quality delivered during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and Low Birth Weight (LBW) in the Northeast of Brazil. Case-control study with the group of cases composed of 402 mothers with newborns with a birth weight <2,500 grams, and control composed of 1,210 mothers with newborns with weight ≥2,500 grams. Data were collected based on self-reported information by mothers and complemented with hospital records. Simple linear regression and logistic regression models were conducted. Majority of women were brown/ black, married, of low income and almost half of them had less than nine years of education. The consumption of 10 or more cigarettes a day was associated with LBW. For each cigarette added to the daily cigarette consumption there was a reduction of 18.6 grams in birth weight. Among mothers who smoked more than ten cigarettes per day, the mean reduction in birth weight was 283.1 grams. This study reinforces that LBW is associated with the maternal consumption of cigarettes.

scholarly journals Bolsa Família program and incomplete childhood vaccination in two Brazilian cohorts

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Francelena de Sousa Silva ◽  
Rejane Christine de Sousa Queiroz ◽  
Maria dos Remédios Freitas Carvalho Branco ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões ◽  
Yonna Costa Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Low Income Children ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Per Capita

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect of being a beneficiary of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) in the vaccination of children aged 13 to 35 months. METHODS: Our study was based on all birth records of residents of Ribeirão Preto (SP) and probabilistic sampling with 1/3 of the births of residents of São Luís (MA), selecting low-income children, born in 2010, belonging to the cohorts Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís Birth Cohort Studies and eligible for the Bolsa Família program. The information of Cadastro Único (CadÚnico – Single Registry) was used to categorize the receipt of benefit from the BFP (yes or no). The final sample consisted of 532 children in Ribeirão Preto and 1,229 in São Luís. The outcome variable was a childhood vaccine regimen, constructed with BCG, tetravalent, triple viral, hepatitis B, poliomyelitis, rotavirus and yellow fever vaccines. The adjustment variables were: economic class, mother’s schooling and mother’s skin color. Children with monthly per capita family income of up to R$ 280.00 and/or economic class D/E were considered eligible for the benefit of the BFP. A theoretical model was constructed using a directed acyclic graph to estimate the effect of being a beneficiary of the BFP in the vaccination of low-income children. In the statistical analyses, weighing was used by the inverse of the probability of exposure and pairing by propensity score. RESULTS: Considering a monthly per capita family income of up to R$ 280.00, being a beneficiary of the BFP had no effect on the childhood vaccination schedule, according to weighing by the inverse of the probability of exposure (SL-coefficient: −0.01; 95%CI −0.07 to 0.04; p = 0.725 and RP-coefficient: 0.04; 95%CI −0.02 to 0.10; p = 0.244) and pairing by propensity score (SL-coefficient: −0.01; 95%CI −0.07 to 0.05; p = 0.744 and RP-coefficient: 0.04; 95%CI −0.02 to 0.10; p = 0.231). CONCLUSIONS: The receipt of the benefit of the BFP did not influence childhood vaccination, which is one of the conditionalities of the program. This may indicate that this conditionality is not being adequately monitored.

scholarly journals A composição familiar e sua associação com a ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência: estudo caso-controle [The family composition and its association with the occurrence of pregnancy in adolescence: case-control study] [La composición familiar y su asociación con la ocurrencia del embarazo adolescente: estudio caso-control]

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. e36283
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Rabello Silva ◽  
Janete Tamami Tomiyoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Marielle Jeani Prasnievski Silva
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pregnancy In Adolescence ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Control Study

Objetivo: analisar a influência das composições familiares na ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência. Método: estudo caso-controle, realizado com 74 gestantes adolescentes, grupo de casos, e 74 adultas jovens sem história pregressa de gravidez na adolescência, grupo controle, pareadas pela variável renda familiar. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas estruturadas realizadas no período de agosto a outubro de 2016 em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, e em seguida analisados pelos métodos estatísticos descritivo e inferencial. Resultados: identificou-se associação entre a ocorrência do desfecho com pertencer a famílias não nucleares, não permanecer a mesma família durante a infância e adolescência, e a constituição de uma família própria no período da adolescência. Conclusão: verificou-se que adolescentes inseridas em famílias não nucleares estão mais expostas a fatores de risco para ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência, quando comparadas às jovens provenientes de famílias com ambos os pais.ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the influence of family compositions in the occurrence of pregnancy in adolescence. Method: this is a case-control study performed with 74 pregnant adolescents, group of cases, and 74 young adults without background history of pregnancy during adolescence, group control, paired by family income. Data were collected through structured interviews conducted in the period from August to October 2016 in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, and then analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: we identified an association between the occurrence of the outcome and the belonging to non-nuclear families, as well as the non-belonging to the same family during childhood and adolescence, besides the constitution of an own family in the period of adolescence. Conclusion: checked that adolescents inserted in non-nuclear families are more exposed to risk factors for the occurrence of pregnancy in adolescence when compared to young people coming from families with both parents.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar la influencia de las composiciones familiares en la ocurrencia del embarazo adolescente. Método: estudio caso-control efectuado con 74 adolescentes embarazadas, grupo de casos, y 74 jóvenes adultas sin historia anterior de embarazo en la adolescencia, grupo de control, agrupadas por sus ingresos familiares. Los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas estructuradas conducidas en el periodo de agosto a octubre de 2016 en Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, y posteriormente analizados por los métodos estadísticos descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: se identificó una asociación entre la ocurrencia del desenlace y la pertenencia a las familias no nucleares, no permanencia en la misma familia durante niñez y adolescencia, y la constitución de una familia propia en el periodo de la adolescencia. Conclusion: comprobado eso que las adolescentes insertadas en familias no nucleares están más expuestas a los factores de riesgo para la ocurrencia del embarazo adolescente en comparación con las jóvenes provenientes de familias con ambos padres biológicos.

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