scholarly journals Day-to-day variation in iron-status measures in young iron-deplete women

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Belza ◽  
Marianne Henriksen ◽  
Annette K Ersbøll ◽  
Shakuntala H Thilsted ◽  
Inge Tetens
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
True Value

In intervention and observational studies, it is necessary to determine the number of blood samples required to estimate the true value of Fe-status measures. The aim of the present study was to determine the number of days for blood sampling required in order to measure the ‘true value’ of five Fe-status parameters in young Fe-depleted women and to investigate the effect of menstrual cycle on these measures. Twelve women (aged 23–30 years), non-anaemic but with low Fe stores, participated in the study. Venous blood samples were collected under standardised conditions on fifteen non-consecutive days during a 5-week period. All blood samples were analysed for Hb, serum ferritin (SF), serum transferrin receptors (sTfR), red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW) and reticulocytes (RET), and body Fe stores were calculated as the ratio between sTfR and SF. No systematic changes were found in the investigated parameters during the study. When analytical variations were accounted for, the day-to-day variations (CV%) were as follows: Hb 2·9 %, SF 8·2 %, RET 26·0 %, RDW 2·4 % and sTfR 8·1 %. Calculating the ‘true value’ with a 5 % significance level and 80 % power showed that one blood sample was sufficient for Hb, SF, sTfR and RDW, whereas seven blood-sampling days were needed for RET. In this study, no significant differences in Fe status were found across the menstrual cycle. The conclusions from this study are valid for studies conducted under similar strict conditions.

scholarly journals POS1398 RHEUMATOLOGICAL PATIENTS PERFORMING BLOOD SELF-SAMPLING FOR DMARD THERAPY SAFETY: A PROOF OF CONCEPT STUDY COMPARING WITH VENOUS BLOOD SAMPLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 982.1-982
Author(s):  
S. A. Just ◽  
P. Toftegaard ◽  
U. Jakobsen ◽  
T. R. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Dmard Treatment ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Venous Sample ◽  
Treatment Safety

Background:Regular blood sampling is a requirement for rheumatological patients receiving csDMARD, bDMARD or tsDMARD therapies (1). The frequent blood sampling affects the patient’s life as they use a substantial amount of time at hospitals or by the general practitioner. Often visits are time-consuming with transport, waiting time, and for some patient’s costly long travels. Giving patients the option of taking the blood samples themself in their own home, as part of a patient-centred monitoring approach, could provide the patient much higher degree of independence. Further, it may increase the quality of life, cause higher compliance with taking the control samples and possibly reduce health care costs.Objectives:1. To investigate if rheumatological patients can take capillary blood samples and describe patient-reported outcomes (PRO) about the procedure. 2. Compare the venous and capillary samples’ results. 3. Test if the laboratory automated analysis equipment can handle the small capillary samples.Methods:21 rheumatological patients, underwent capillary and venous blood sampling at up to 4 occasions (1-2 months between). Instructions were available on a pictogram. PRO data were assessed by questionnaires. The patient performed blood extraction to the capillary samples from a finger after using a device making a small incision (2 mm depth and 3 mm width). Two capillary tubes (one Microtainer K2-EDTA and one Microtainer lithium heparin with gel) were filled with a total volume of approximately 1.0 mL blood. A phlebotomist took the venous sample. Blood samples were analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urate, hemolysis index, erythrocyte corpuscular volume (MCV), haemoglobin, leukocytes, differential count and platelets.Results:A total of 53 paired capillary (C) and venous (V) samples were taken. The average perceived pain of the procedure of C sampling was VAS: 10.3 (SD:14.4) (0-100) versus V sampling VAS: 8.5 (SD:11.7). 90% of patients would accept it as a future form of blood sampling.Differences in blood samples (C versus V) were: CRP (-3.4%); Hemoglobin (-1.4%); Creatinine (-4.4%), ALAT (-2.9%), neutrophils (1.43%), platelets (-16.9%).The index of hemolysis was on average 128.9 mg/dL (SD: 203) in C versus 6.7 mg/dL (SD: 4.6) in V. Results was evaluated by a rheumatologist, and 92.5% of capillary samples could be used to evaluate the safety of DMARD treatment based on the most critical samples for this: ALAT, creatinine, neutrophils and platelets (1). The 7.5 % not accepted were all due to aggregated platelets leading to low platelet count. There was hemolysis in 18% of the samples, but the analysis results could be used despite this.Conclusion:In the majority of rheumatological patients, capillary self-sampling is well tolerated.We show that it is possible to extract the needed results from the capillary samples to evaluate DMARD treatment safety, despite higher hemolysis index. Using capillary samples taken at home could be a central instrument in future rheumatological patient-centred monitoring.References:[1]Rigby WFC et al. Review of Routine Laboratory Monitoring for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Biologic or Nonbiologic DMARDs. Int J Rheumatol. 2017Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Accuracy of single intravenous access iohexol GFR in children is hampered by marker contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Tislevoll Eide ◽  
Karl Ove Hufthammer ◽  
Atle Brun ◽  
Damien Brackman ◽  
Einar Svarstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Intravenous Access ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Rank 2

AbstractMeasurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children by iohexol injection and blood sampling from the contralateral arm is widely used. A single intravenous access for iohexol injection and subsequent blood sampling has the obvious advantages of being less painful and easier to perform. The purpose of our study was to determine if blood samples drawn from the injection access are feasible and accurate for iohexol GFR (iGFR) measurements. Thirty-one children, median age 10.5 (range 6–17) years, with chronic kidney disease were given a bolus of iohexol followed by extended saline flushing and subsequent venous blood samples collected from the injection access as well as from a cannula in the contralateral arm, the latter serving as the reference method. Paired venous blood samples were collected at four time points (2, 3, 3.5 and 4 h) after the iohexol bolus. Blood sample discarding preceded and saline flushing followed each blood sampling to avoid marker contamination. iGFR based on samples drawn from the injection access at 2 and 3 h showed significantly lower iGFR than measurement from the contralateral arm (p < 0.01). Singlepoint iGFR did not differ significantly after 3–4 repeated procedures of blood discarding and saline flusing (3.5 and 4 h). Despite thorough saline flushing there is still a relatively high risk of falsely low iGFR due to marker contamination in blood samples from the injection site. Hence, blood sampling from a second intravenous access is recommended for routine iohexol GFR measurements in children.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT01092260, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01092260?term=tondel&rank=2.

Red Blood Cell Volume Distribution Width (RDW) in Uraemic Patients on Chronic Haemodialysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Docci ◽  
C. Delvecchio ◽  
C. Gollini ◽  
F. Turci ◽  
L. Baldrati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Iron Administration ◽  
Parallel Increase ◽  
Normal Individuals

Red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW) was obtained with the Coulter counter in 60 haemodialysis patients and 55 normal individuals. RDW tended to be higher in the former and the degree of increase was to some extent correlated with the underlying nephropathy. Although RDW failed to correlate with conventional tests of iron status, it was observed that iron administration could produce a decrease toward normal in RDW and a parallel increase in haemoglobin when the initial RDW was increased. In contrast, the response to iron was negligible in the patients with normal RDW basally. It was concluded that high RDW is an acceptable indicator of iron deficiency in haemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals The Biochemical parameters in venous blood sampling by direct venipuncture and peripheral intravenous catheter

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jaafaraghaei ◽  
Monireh Aghajany-Nasab ◽  
Mahsa Aghaei ◽  
Nazila Javadi pashaki ◽  
Ehsan Kazemnejhad Leili
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
Peripheral Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the results of some biochemical values in venous blood samples obtained by direct venipuncture (DV) and peripheral venous catheter (PVC). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 78 hospitalized patients in different wards of Poor-Sina Medical and Educational Center of Rasht in 2017 were divided into three equal groups, including patients who were treated with normal saline and dextrose saline and those who did not receive this solution. Two separate blood samples were obtained from each patient, one from PVC and the other from DV. The levels of sodium, potassium, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured and compared. Results: Difference of PVC with DV in BUN was generally 0.32±3.18 mg/dl; creatinine, sodium and potassium were 0.02±0.12 mg/dl, 1.00±2.49 mEq/L and 0.15±0.48 mEq/L respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two methods in relation to BUN and creatinine (P = 0.377 and P = 0.149, respectively), but significant differences in levels of sodium and potassium were observed between the two blood sampling methods (P = 0.001 and P = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion: According to the results of this study and other studies, PVC can be used to measure BUN and creatinine, not so for sodium and potassium. For other parameters, further investigation is needed.

PREPARATION OF A REPRESENTATIVE PLATELET POPULATION BY A SINGLE STEP SLOW CENTRIFUGATION

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Denfors ◽  
H Wadenvik ◽  
J Kutti
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Plastic Bag

Circulating platelets differ with respect to size, density and functional ability. In several experimental settings it is of vital importance that a representative platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is extracted from the anticoagulated blood. We therefore investigated the effect of centrifugation time and gravitational force on platelet yield and platelet volume distribution in PRP obtained by a single step slow centrifugation.Methods. From each of 12 healthy male blood donors, 357 ml of venous blood were mixed with 63 ml citrate phosphate dextrose in a plastic bag. 20 ml aliquots of the anticoagulated blood were transferred into 30 ml screwcap polycarbonate tubes (Nalgene Labware). PRP was prepared by a single step slow centrifugation in a microprocessor-controlled bench centrifuge (Hettich Rotanta/RP). The gravitational force was calculated at the bottom of the tube. Centrifugations were performed at 180, 200, 220, 240, 260 g for 10 min, at 180, 200, 220, 240, 260 g for 15 min and at 120, 140, 160, 180, 200 g for 20 min. Three hours after blood collection, the platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width were determined in PRP and anticoagulated blood with an impedance cell counter (Coulter Counter Model S-Plus VI). Student's t-test was employed for comparison of mean values.Comments. Very precise centrifugation conditions can be provided by using a microprocessor-controlled centrifuge and a "fully representative" platelet population can be isolated with a single step slow centrifugation method.

scholarly journals Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for CyclosporineC2Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Benedikt Leichtle ◽  
Uta Ceglarek ◽  
Helmut Witzigmann ◽  
Gábor Gäbel ◽  
Joachim Thiery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Finger Prick

Background. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C0), CsA peak levels (C2) are more predictive for transplant rejection. However, the application ofC2levels is hampered by the precise time of blood sampling and the need of qualified personnel. Therefore, we evaluated a newC2self-obtained blood sampling in transplant outpatients using dried capillary and venous blood samples and compared the CsA levels, stability, and clinical practicability of the different procedures.Methods. 55 solid organ transplant recipients were instructed to use single-handed sampling of each 50μL capillary blood and dried blood spots by finger prick using standard finger prick devices. We used standardized EDTA-coated capillary blood collection systems and standardized filter paper WS 903. CsA was determined by LC-MS/MS. The patients and technicians also answered a questionnaire on the procedure and sample quality.Results. TheC0andC2levels from capillary blood collection systems (C0[ng/mL]:114.5±44.5;C2:578.2±222.2) and capillary dried blood (C0[ng/mL]:175.4±137.7;C2:743.1±368.1) significantly(P<.01)correlated with the drug levels of the venous blood samples (C0[ng/mL]:97.8±37.4;C2:511.2±201.5). The correlation atC0wasρcap.-ven.= 0.749, andρdried blood-ven= 0.432; atC2:  ρcap.-ven.= 0.861 andρdried blood-ven= 0.711. The patients preferred the dried blood sampling because of the more simple and less painful procedure. Additionally, the sample quality of self-obtained dried blood spots for LC-MS/MS analytics was superior to the respective capillary blood samples.Conclusions.C2self-obtained dried blood sampling can easily be performed by transplant outpatients and is therefore suitable and cost-effective for close therapeutic drug monitoring.

scholarly journals Blood Samples of Peripheral Venous Catheter or The Usual Way: Do Infusion Fluid Alters the Biochemical Test Results?

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Taghizadeganzadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Yazdankhahfard ◽  
Mohammadreza Farzaneh ◽  
Kamran Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Peripheral Venous Catheter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infusion Line

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Most blood tests require venous blood samples. Puncturing the vein also causes pain, infection, or damage to the blood, and lymph flow, or long-term healing. This study aimed to determine and compare the biochemical laboratory value of the blood samples that were provided through: peripheral vein infusion (PVI) receiving continuous intravenous fluid; and the usual method of blood sampling.</p><p><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This is an interventional, quasi-experimental, and controlled study. The selected study sample included 60 patients, who were hospitalized during 2014, in the Internal Medicine, part of Martyrs of Persian Gulf, teaching hospital at Bushehr. Three blood samples were taken from each patient that were provided through PVI line (5 ml blood collected at beginning of IVC and then another 5 cc), and another case was prepared by common blood sampling (control). All the samples were analyzed in terms of sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine using SPSS Ver.19 software, by paired <em>t</em>-test and Pearson's correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> There was a statistically significant difference between the amount of sodium and potassium in the first blood samples taken from the intravenous infusion line and vein puncture .However, no significant differences were found among the biochemical amount in the second blood samples taken from the intravenous infusion line and vein puncture. </p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>We can use blood samples taken from peripheral intravenous infusion lines after 5cc discarding from the first part of the sample for measuring the value of sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine.  </p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron Profile and Some Haematological Parameters of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Coinfected with HIV in Southeast of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Esimai, Bessie N. ◽  
Obeagu, Getrude Uzoma ◽  
Ochiabuto, O.M.T.B. ◽  
Chukwurah , Ejike Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Significance Level

The study was done to determine the levels of interferon-gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, iron status, hepcidin and haematological parameters of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Southeast, Nigeria. This study was carried out at the directly observed treatment-short course Tuberculosis (TB DOTS) centre of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, located in South-Eastern Nigeria. Therefore, sample size of 240 was used to give room for attrition. A total of two hundred and forty (240) subjects aged 18-60 years were enlisted for this study. Seven milliliters (7ml) of venous blood was collected from each subject and 2.5 ml was dispensed into bottles containing di-potassium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (K2-EDTA) and was used for full blood count, CD4 count and HIV screening. Also, 4.5ml was dispensed into plain tubes. Serum was obtained after clotting by spinning at 3000 RPM for 10 minutes and was used for interferon gamma, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10, iron and hepcidin determination. Data was analysed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. Student t-test, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), Pearson Product Moment and Chi-Square were the tools employed. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and are presented in table and significance level was set at P<0.05.The results showed difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05) in IFN-γ (P=0.000), IL-6 (P=0.000) IL-10 (P=0.000), CD4 (P=0.000), hepcidin (P=0.000), Iron (P=0.000), TIBC (P=0.000), %TSA  (P=0.001) ,WBC (P=0.000), Neutrophils (P=0.000), Lymphocyes (P=0.000), Monocytes (P=0.000), Eosinophils (P=0.000), Basophils (P=0.018), RBC (P=0.000), haemoglobin (P=0.000), PCV (P=0.000), MCV (P=0.000), MCH (P=0.000), MCHC (P=0.000), Platelets (P=0.000), ESR (P=0.000) when compared among  control, TB, HIV and TB-HIV subjects respectively. The co infection of HIV on pulmonary TB patients increases the levels of the cytokines. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as adjunct to prognostic and diagnostic markers as their levels decreased with increased duration of treatment of the patients. The study has shown wide variations in the haemtological indices studied.

scholarly journals Utility of Novel Hypochromia and Microcythemia Markers in Classifying Hematological and Iron Status in Male Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska ◽  
Olga Surała ◽  
Joanna Orysiak ◽  
Dariusz Turowski ◽  
Beata Szczepańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Iron Depletion ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Sports Anemia

In athletes, no reliable indices exist for an unambiguous evaluation of hematological and iron status. Therefore, the utility of some new red blood cell (RBC) parameters was explored in 931 elite male athletes aged 13–35 years. To diagnose iron status, the values of ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and basic blood morphology were determined in blood. The new hematological markers included among others: mean cellular hemoglobin content in reticulocytes (CHr), percentage of erythrocytes (HYPOm) and reticulocytes (HYPOr) with decreased cellular hemoglobin concentration, percentage of erythrocytes (LowCHm) and reticulocytes (LowCHr) with decreased cellular hemoglobin content, mean volume of reticulocytes (MCVr), and percentage of erythrocytes with decreased volume (MICROm). Despite adverse changes in reticulocyte hypochromia indices (CHr, LowCHr, HYPOr; p < 0.001) in the iron depletion state, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) values calculated for them were relatively low (0.539–0.722). In iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE), unfavorable changes additionally concern microcythemia indices in both reticulocytes and erythrocytes (MCVr, MCV, MICROm, and red cell volume distribution width—RDW), with especially high values of AUC-ROC (0.947–0.970) for LowCHm, LowCHr, and CHr. Dilutional sports anemia was observed in 6.1% of athletes. In this subgroup, only hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and RBC (all dependent on blood volume) were significantly lower than in the normal group. In conclusion, the diagnostic utility of the new hematology indices was not satisfactory for the detection of an iron depletion state in athletes. However, these new indices present high accuracy in the detection of IDE and sports anemia conditions.

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