scholarly journals Antioxidant vitamin status in high exposure to oxidative stress in competitive athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Rousseau ◽  
Isabelle Hininger ◽  
Stéphane Palazzetti ◽  
Henri Faure ◽  
Anne-Marie Roussel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Β Carotene

We conducted a cross-sectional study in 118 well-trained athletes to investigate 'high exposure' to sub-deficient antioxidant status, and consequently to oxidative damage, in relation to estimated daily energy expenditure (EE) and dietary antioxidant intake. Subjects completed 7 d food and activity records. Blood samples were obtained on day 8. Of the athletes 81, 60 and 43 % had intakes of vitamins E, C and β-carotene below two-thirds of the French RDA respectively, which is adjusted for EE (FRDAa). The deficit in vitamin E intake was positively correlated with EE (r0·51,P>0·0001). All the athletes had normal plasma vitamins E and C and 14 % had marginal plasma β-carotene. Plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) did not increase with increased EE. As evidenced by ANOVA, EE-induced vitamin C intakes increased and consequently led to increased plasma ascorbic acid concentrations. In male athletes, plasma total carotenoids were negatively correlated with plasma TBARS concentrations (r–0·31,P>0·006). The relationship between vitamin C intakes and plasma concentrations was logarithmic (r0·59,P> 0·0001). To summarize, it is not clear whether vitamin E requirements are overestimated with reference to EE in the FRDAa. Daily requirements for vitamin C do not exceed 200 mg. Our present results could be interpreted as meaning that carotenoids play a protective role as exogenous antioxidants. Carotenoid intakes in athletes must be considered carefully.

Effect of supplementation with vitamins E, C and β-carotene on antioxidative/oxidative status parameters in sows during the postpartum period

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Szczubiał
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The effect of vitamins E, C and β-carotene supplementation in sows on the parameters of antioxidative/oxidative status during the postpartum period was investigated. Twenty four primiparous sows, divided into two groups (experimental and control), were included in the study. After the half-way point of pregnancy until farrowing, each experimental sow received feed supplemented twice a week with 200 mg of vitamin E and 1000 mg of vitamin C, and additionally, 70 mg of β-carotene were administered via intramuscular injection, on day 14 and day 7 before farrowing. The control group was not supplemented. Blood samples were collected before supplementation (gestational day 57-58), 48 hours and 7 days after parturition. The following antioxidative and oxidative parameters were measured using spectrophotometric methods: glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), vitamin C, vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and sulfhydryl groups (SH groups). In supplemented sows the erythrocyte activity of GSH-Px and CAT was found to be significantly higher on day 7 after farrowing and the activity of SOD was significantly higher at 48 hours postpartum, compared to the control group. The concentration of vitamins C and E in plasma of the supplemented group was found to be significantly higher and the content of TBARS was found significantly lower at both postpartum measurement points, compared to the control group. The content of SH groups was significantly higher on day 7 postpartum, compared to the control group. The study findings indicate that supplementation of pregnant sows with vitamins E, C and β-carotene in the second half of pregnancy has beneficial effects on the antioxidative/oxidative balance in the postpartum period by increasing the antioxidative potential and reducing lipid and protein peroxidation.

Antioxidant Supplementation Enhances Neutrophil Oxidative Burst in Trained Runners Following Prolonged Exercise

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Robson ◽  
Patrick J.D. Bouic ◽  
Kathryn H. Myburgh
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Neutrophil Oxidative Burst ◽  
Β Carotene

The influence of an antioxidant vitamin supplement on immune cell response to prolonged exercise was determined using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Twelve healthy endurance subjects (n = 6 male, n = 6 female; mean ± SD for age, 30.1 ± 6.2 yr; height, 1.76 ± 7 m; body mass, 72.2 ± 10.2 kg; VO2max, 63.7 ± 12 ml · kg–1 · min–1) participated in the study. Following a 3-week period during which subjects ingested a multivitamin and -mineral complex sufficient to meet the recommended daily allowance, they took either a placebo or an antioxidant vitamin supplement (containing 18 mg β-carotene, 900 mg vitamin C, and 90 mg vitamin E) for 7 days prior to a 2-h treadmill run at 65% VO2max. Blood samples were drawn prior to and immediately following exercise. These were analyzed for neutrophil oxidative burst activity, cortisol and glucose concentrations, and white blood cell counts, as well as serum anti-oxidant vitamin concentrations. Plasma vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene concentrations significantly increased following 7-day supplementation (p < .05). In comparison to the placebo group, neutrophil oxidative burst was significantly higher following exercise (p < .05), but no differences were found in any other parameter following the 7-day supplementation period. Although the impact of exercise on neutrophil function is multifactorial, our data suggest that antioxidant supplementation may be of benefit to endurance athletes for the maintenance of this particular function of the innate immune system following the 7-day supplementation period.

scholarly journals Plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin C are better correlated with dietary intake in normal weight than overweight and obese elderly subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Vioque ◽  
Tanja Weinbrenner ◽  
Laura Asensio ◽  
Adela Castelló ◽  
Ian S. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoid and vitamin C intakes, assessed by FFQ, have been positively associated with plasma concentrations in different populations. However, the influence of BMI on these associations has not been explored in detail. We explored in a cross-sectional study the relation between dietary carotenoid and vitamin C intakes, using a 135-item FFQ, with their plasma concentrations by BMI categories in 252 men and 293 women, 65 years and older. For men and women combined, significant (P < 0·05) Pearson correlations were observed between energy-adjusted dietary intakes and plasma concentrations (carotenoids adjusted for cholesterol) for: α-carotene 0·21, β-carotene 0·19, lycopene 0·18, β-cryptoxanthin 0·20 and vitamin C 0·36. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the intake of carotenoids and vitamin C were significant predictors of their respective plasma concentration (P < 0·01), and that BMI was inversely associated with plasma concentration of carotenoids (P ≤ 0·01) but not with plasma vitamin C. In addition, we observed significant interactions between BMI and the intakes of α-carotene and lutein + zeaxanthin, and to a lower extent β-carotene, suggesting that these intakes in subjects with high BMI were not good predictors of their plasma concentration. The present data suggest that plasma carotenoids and vitamin C may be good markers of dietary intake in elderly subjects, but not so for α-carotene, β-carotene and lutein + zeaxanthin in obese subjects.

scholarly journals Dietary sources of vitamin C, vitamin E and specific carotenoids in Spain

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina García-Closas ◽  
Antonio Berenguer ◽  
María José Tormo ◽  
María José Sánchez ◽  
José R. Quirós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Mediterranean Country ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Β Carotene

A cross-sectional study was conducted within the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation in Cancer and Nutrition to assess the principal food sources of vitamin C, vitamin E, α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in an adult Spanish population. The study included 41 446 healthy volunteers (25 812 women and 15 634 men), aged 29–69 years, from three Spanish regions in the north (Asturias, Navarra and Guipúzcoa) and two in the south (Murcia and Granada). Usual food intake was estimated by personal interview through a computerized version of a dietary history questionnaire. Foods that provided at least two-thirds of the studied nutrients were: fruits (mainly oranges) (51 %) and fruiting vegetables (mainly tomato and sweet pepper) (20 %) for vitamin C; vegetable oils (sunflower and olive) (40 %), non-citrus fruits (10 %), and nuts and seeds (8 %) for vitamin E; root vegetables (carrots) (82 %) for α-carotene; green leafy (28 %), root (24 %) and fruiting vegetables (22 %) for β-carotene; fruiting vegetables (fresh tomato) (72 %) for lycopene; green leafy vegetables (64 %) for lutein; citrus fruits (68 %) for β-cryptoxanthin; citrus fruits (43 %) and green leafy vegetables (20 %) for zeaxanthin. In conclusion, the main food sources of nutrients with redox properties have been identified in a Mediterranean country. This could provide an insight into the interpretation of epidemiological studies investigating the role of diet in health and disease.

scholarly journals Dietary and circulating vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and risk of total cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1872-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Ali Rashidy-Pour ◽  
Mohammad Parohan ◽  
Mahdieh Sadat Zargar ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe present review aimed to quantify the association of dietary intake and circulating concentration of major dietary antioxidants with risk of total CVD mortality.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingSystematic search in PubMed and Scopus, up to October 2017.ParticipantsProspective observational studies reporting risk estimates of CVD mortality across three or more categories of dietary intakes and/or circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsA total of fifteen prospective cohort studies and three prospective evaluations within interventional studies (320 548 participants and 16 974 cases) were analysed. The relative risks of CVD mortality for the highest v. the lowest category of antioxidant intakes were as follows: vitamin C, 0·79 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·89; I2=46 %, n 10); vitamin E, 0·91 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·03; I2=51 %, n 8); β-carotene, 0·89 (95 % CI 0·73, 1·05; I2=34 %, n 4). The relative risks for circulating concentrations were: vitamin C, 0·60 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·78; I2=65 %, n 6); α-tocopherol, 0·82 (95 % CI 0·76, 0·88; I2=0 %, n 5); β-carotene, 0·68 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·83; I2=50 %, n 6). Dose–response meta-analyses demonstrated that the circulating biomarkers of antioxidants were more strongly associated with risk of CVD mortality than dietary intakes.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis demonstrates that higher vitamin C intake and higher circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene are associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality.

Feeding antioxidant vitamin and vegetable oils to broilers: vitamin E reduced negative effect of soybean oil on immune response and meat lipid oxidation

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829
Author(s):  
M. Mohiti-Asli ◽  
M. Ghanaatparast-Rashti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin

This study investigated the effect of feeding vitamin E, vitamin C, and two sources of vegetable oil on immune response and meat quality of broilers. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomised design with eight treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial with two levels of vitamin E (0 and 200 mg/kg), two levels of vitamin C (0 and 1000 mg/kg), and two sources of vegetable oil (soybean and canola). Dietary supplementation of either vitamin E or C increased (P < 0.05) secondary humoral response, whereas oil sources had no significant effect. Broilers fed soybean oil had lower cellular response to the phytohemagglutinin skin test than those fed canola oil in diet, and supplementation of vitamin E increased cellular immune response. However, fat, cholesterol and pH of meat were not affected by source of oil or antioxidants, lipid oxidation was higher (P < 0.05) in thigh and breast meat of broilers fed soybean oil than canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin E decreased (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation in thigh and breast of broilers fed diet containing soybean oil, without any effect on meat oxidation of those fed canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin C increased lipid oxidation in thigh meat of broilers (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that inclusion of soybean oil to the diet, compared with canola oil, increased need for antioxidant. Vitamin E had beneficial effects on immune response and reduced meat lipid oxidation; nonetheless future studies should explore the antioxidant effect of vitamin C in stored meat.

scholarly journals Associations between antioxidants and all-cause mortality among US adults with obstructive lung function

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl S. Ford ◽  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Timothy J. Cunningham ◽  
Janet B. Croft
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Β Carotene

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterised by oxidative stress, but little is known about the associations between antioxidant status and all-cause mortality in adults with this disease. The objective of the present study was to examine the prospective associations between concentrations of α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, Se, vitamin C and α-tocopherol and all-cause mortality among US adults with obstructive lung function. Data collected from 1492 adults aged 20–79 years with obstructive lung function in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988–94) were used. Through 2006, 629 deaths were identified during a median follow-up period of 14 years. After adjustment for demographic variables, the concentrations of the following antioxidants modelled as continuous variables were found to be inversely associated with all-cause mortality among adults with obstructive lung function: α-carotene (P= 0·037); β-carotene (P= 0·022); cryptoxanthin (P= 0·022); lutein/zeaxanthin (P= 0·004); total carotenoids (P= 0·001); vitamin C (P< 0·001). In maximally adjusted models, only the concentrations of lycopene (P= 0·013) and vitamin C (P= 0·046) were found to be significantly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality. No effect modification by sex was detected, but the association between lutein/zeaxanthin concentrations and all-cause mortality varied by smoking status (Pinteraction= 0·048). The concentrations of lycopene and vitamin C were inversely associated with all-cause mortality in this cohort of adults with obstructive lung function.

scholarly journals New Technology for Functional Dessert Production Based on Soy and Pumpkin

2020 ◽  
pp. 351-360
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Statsenko ◽  
Oksana Litvinenko ◽  
Nadezhda Korneva ◽  
Mikhail Shtarberg ◽  
Evgeniy Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract. Introduction. Domestic food production based on the regional market characteristics can expand the range of functional foods. The research objective was to develop a new technology for desserts based on soy and pumpkin. Study objects and methods. The research featured soybeans of the “Yurna” variety and pumpkin of the “Nadezhda” variety. Soaked soybeans were mixed with mashed pumpkin and drinking water. The mass was heated and kept at 100°C for 30 min with simultaneous grinding and extraction of soluble dry matter. The soy and pumpkin liquid fraction was separated by filtration. A 2.5% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid was added to the liquid fraction at 75–80°C to coagulate protein and other substances. The soy and pumpkin coagulate had a moisture content of 75.0 ± 1%. It was mixed with sea buckthorn syrup and homogenized. The finished product was called “Nadezhda+”. The “Nezhnyi” dessert consisted of gelling solution mixed with soy and pumpkin coagulate and sea buckthorn syrup, after which the mass was homogenized. Results and discussion. The expert assessment helped to identify the most significant indicators of the sensory evaluation of the desserts, namely taste and consistency. The sensory evaluation also made it possible to define the optimal homogenization time for the mix: 60 s for “Nadezhda+” and 90 s for “Nezhnyi”. The developed desserts contained protein (5.75 and 4.70 g/100 g), phosphatides (334 and 102 mg/100 g), β-carotene (2.86 and 1.62 mg/100 g), vitamin E (28.60 and 16.00 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (35.10 and 10.60 mg/100 g), respectively. Conclusion. The content of β-carotene and vitamin E exceeded 15 % of the daily intake in one portion (100 g) of the desserts, as well as vitamin C in “Nadezhda+”. According with State Standard R 52349-2005, the new desserts could be referred to functional foods.

scholarly journals Effect of immunonutritional status, healthcare factors, and lifestyle on acute respiratory infections among under-5 children in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212094053
Author(s):  
Md. Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Farina Aziz ◽  
Md. Rabiul Islam ◽  
Monira Ahsan ◽  
Sheikh Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Z Score ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Acute respiratory infection is a major cause of death for under-5 children in Bangladesh. We aimed to analyze the effect of immunonutritional status, healthcare factors, and lifestyle on the incidence of acute respiratory infection among under-5 children taking individual-level and contextual-level risk factors into consideration. Methods: This study recruited 200 children suffering from acute respiratory infection and 100 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and sociodemographic profile. Serum antioxidant vitamin A (retinol), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) were assessed along with the impact of vaccination, socioeconomic factors, and Z-score on the incidence of acute respiratory infection. Results: Serum antioxidant vitamins were significantly lower in the acute respiratory infection children compared to the non–acute respiratory infection group. Vitamin A was found to be significantly high in acute respiratory infection children who were breastfed for more than 1 year. Vitamin E levels were found to be significantly higher in the acute respiratory infection children who were immunized. Compared to the children living in tin-shed house or huts, serum vitamin E level increased in those acute respiratory infection children who resided in apartments. Vitamin A level was significantly high in those acute respiratory infection children whose height-for-age was −2 SD and above ( Z-score), and vitamin C levels were also significantly high in those acute respiratory infection children whose weight-for-height was −2 SD and below ( Z-score). Conclusion: Deficiencies of antioxidant vitamins along with healthcare and lifestyle factors have a significant influence on the incidence of acute respiratory infection among under-5 children in Bangladesh.

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