scholarly journals Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) intakes and food sources in 18–64-year-old Irish adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Duggan ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Caroline Bolton-Smith ◽  
Máiréad Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
The North

AbstractDietary vitamin K1(phylloquinone) levels that are sufficient to maintain normal blood coagulation may be sub-optimal for bone, and habitual low dietary intakes of vitamin K may have an adverse effect on bone health. The objective of the present study was to measure the intake and adequacy of phylloquinone intake and the contribution of foods to phylloquinone intake in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults. The North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey database was used, which contains data collected using a 7 d food diary in a randomly selected sample of Irish adults aged 18–64 years (n1379; 662 men and 717 women). Phylloquinone intakes were estimated using recently compiled food composition data for phylloquinone. The mean daily intake of phylloquinone from food sources was 79 (sd 44) μg. Intakes were significantly higher (P>0·001) in men than in women at levels of 84 and 75quest;μgsol;d. The main contributors to phylloquinone intakes were vegetables (48%), particularly green vegetables (26%). Potatoes (including chipped and fried potatoes), dairy products and fat spreads contributed 10% each and meat contributed 8%. In men, social class and smoking status influenced phylloquinone intakes. Of the population, 52% had phylloquinone intakes below 1 μg/kg body weight and only 17% of men and 27% of women met the US adequate intakes of 120 and 90 μg/d, respectively. The present study shows that habitual phylloquinone intakes in Irish adults are low, which may have implications for bone health.

scholarly journals The impact of voluntary fortification of foods on micronutrient intakes in Irish adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Hannon ◽  
Mairead Kiely ◽  
Albert Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
The North ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this work was to quantify the impact of the voluntary fortification of foods on dietary intakes of vitamins and minerals of Irish adults. Foods that were voluntarily fortified were identified and pre- and post-fortification levels of micronutrients were determined from data supplied by manufacturers and food composition tables. Using food consumption data in 1379 adults aged 18–64 years, estimated using a 7-d food diary during the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey, intakes of micronutrients were determined, both including and excluding the fortification component in foods. Of approximately 3000 foods recorded as consumed, 1·9 % were fortified, mainly breakfast cereals and beverages. Median micronutrient content of fortified foods (FF) ranged from 18–33 % EC RDA per typical serving. Among consumers (65 % of men, 68 % of women), FF contributed, on average, 3·9 % (men) and 5·0 % (women) to mean daily intake (MDI) of energy. Relative to their contribution to MDI of energy, FF contribute a greater % MDI for Fe (men 16, women 19), folate (men 18, women 21), vitamins B1(men 14, women 16), B2(men 16, women 18), B6(men 12, women 15), D (men 5, women 11), B12(men 5, women 7) and niacin (men 10, women 12). Fortification significantly improved the adequacy of intake of some micronutrients, particularly of riboflavin, folate, vitamin D and Fe in women and did not contribute to an increased risk of adverse effects from excessive intake of any micronutrient.

scholarly journals Effect of food composition on vitamin K absorption in human volunteers

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit L. M. G. Gijsbers ◽  
Kon-Siong G. Jie ◽  
Cees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Experimental Group

The human vitamin K requirement is not known precisely, but the minimal requirement is often assumed to be between 0·5 and 1 x 10−6g/kg body weight. In the present study we addressed the question to what extent circulating vitamin K concentrations are influenced by the form in which the vitamer is consumed. The experimental group consisted of five healthy volunteers who received phylloquinone after an overnight fast. On the first day of three successive weeks the participants consumed 1 mg (2·2 µmol) phylloquinone, either in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation (Konakion®), or in the form of spinach + butter, or as spinach without added fat. Circulating phylloquinone levels after spinach with and without butter were substantially lower (7·5- and 24·3-fold respectively) than those after taking the pharmaceutical concentrate. Moreover, the absorption of phylloquinone from the vegetables was 1·5 times slower than from Konakion. In a second experiment in the same five volunteers it was shown that relatively high amounts of menaquinone-4 enter the circulation after the consumption of butter enriched with this vitamer. It is concluded that the bioavailability of membrane-bound phylloquinone is extremely poor and may depend on other food components, notably fat. The bioavailability of dietary vitamin K (phylloquinone+menaquinones) is lower than generally assumed, and depends on the form in which the vitamin is ingested. These new insights may lead to a revision of the recommended daily intake for vitamin K.

scholarly journals Vegetables and Mixed Dishes Are Top Contributors to Phylloquinone Intake in US Adults: Data from the 2011-2012 NHANES

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie G Harshman ◽  
Emily G Finnan ◽  
Kathryn J Barger ◽  
Regan L Bailey ◽  
David B Haytowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Food Composition Data

Abstract Background: Phylloquinone is the most abundant form of vitamin K in US diets. Green vegetables are considered the predominant dietary source of phylloquinone. As our food supply diversifies and expands, the food groups that contribute to phylloquinone intake are also changing, which may change absolute intakes. Thus, it is important to identify the contributors to dietary vitamin K estimates to guide recommendations on intakes and food sources. Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate 1) the amount of phylloquinone consumed in the diet of US adults, 2) to estimate the contribution of different food groups to phylloquinone intake in individuals with a high or low vegetable intake (≥2 or <2 cups vegetables/d), and 3) to characterize the contribution of different mixed dishes to phylloquinone intake. Methods: Usual phylloquinone intake was determined from NHANES 2011–2012 (≥20 y old; 2092 men and 2214 women) and the National Cancer Institute Method by utilizing a complex, stratified, multistage probability-cluster sampling design. Results: On average, 43.0% of men and 62.5% of women met the adequate intake (120 and 90 μg/d, respectively) for phylloquinone, with the lowest self-reported intakes noted among men, especially in the older age groups (51–70 and ≥71 y). Vegetables were the highest contributor to phylloquinone intake, contributing 60.0% in the high-vegetable-intake group and 36.1% in the low-vegetable-intake group. Mixed dishes were the second-highest contributor to phylloquinone intake, contributing 16.0% in the high-vegetable-intake group and 28.0% in the low-vegetable-intake group. Conclusion: Self-reported phylloquinone intakes from updated food composition data applied to NHANES 2011–2012 reveal that fewer men than women are meeting the current adequate intake. Application of current food composition data confirms that vegetables continue to be the primary dietary source of phylloquinone in the US diet. However, mixed dishes and convenience foods have emerged as previously unrecognized but important contributors to phylloquinone intake in the United States, which challenges the assumption that phylloquinone intake is a marker of a healthy diet. These findings emphasize the need for the expansion of food composition databases that consider how mixed dishes are compiled and defined.

Dietary Vitamin and Stability of Oral Anticoagulation: Proposal of a Diet with Constant Vitamin K1 Content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Jacqueline M Charnley ◽  
James A Sadowski ◽  
Edward Saltzman ◽  
Edwin G Bovill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

SummaryCase reports cited in Medline or Biological Abstracts (1966-1996) were reviewed to evaluate the impact of vitamin K1 dietary intake on the stability of anticoagulant control in patients using coumarin derivatives. Reported nutrient-drug interactions cannot always be explained by the vitamin K1 content of the food items. However, metabolic data indicate that a consistent dietary intake of vitamin K is important to attain a daily equilibrium in vitamin K status. We report a diet that provides a stable intake of vitamin K1, equivalent to the current U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowance, using food composition data derived from high-performance liquid chromatography. Inconsistencies in the published literature indicate that prospective clinical studies should be undertaken to clarify the putative dietary vitamin K1-coumarin interaction. The dietary guidelines reported here may be used in such studies.

scholarly journals Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmia Huew ◽  
Anne Maguire ◽  
Paula Waterhouse ◽  
Paula Moynihan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Daily Energy

AbstractObjectiveThere are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake. The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.DesignDietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary. Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database. Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.SettingBenghazi, Libya.SubjectsSchoolchildren aged 12 years.ResultsOne hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study. Their mean age was 12·3 (sd 0·29) years. The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d. The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively. Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %. The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d. There were no statistically significant differences in nutrient intakes between genders. Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines. The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.

scholarly journals Dietary silicon intake in post-menopausal women

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. McNaughton ◽  
C. Bolton-Smith ◽  
G. D. Mishra ◽  
R. Jugdaohsingh ◽  
J. J. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Post Menopausal

Si has been suggested as an essential element, and may be important in optimal bone, skin and cardiovascular health. However, there are few estimates of dietary Si intakes in man, especially in a UK population. Following the development of a UK food composition database for Si, the aim of the present study was to investigate dietary intakes of Si amongst healthy women aged over 60 years and to identify important food sources of Si in their diet. Healthy, post-menopausal female subjects (>60 years of age; n 209) were recruited from the general population around Dundee, Scotland as part of an unrelated randomised controlled intervention study where dietary intake was assessed using a self-administered, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire at five time-points over a 2-year period. Food composition data on the Si content of UK foods was used to determine the Si content of food items on the food-frequency questionnaire. Mean Si intake was 18·6 (sd 4·6) mg and did not vary significantly across the 2 years of investigation. Cereals provided the greatest amount of Si in the diet (about 30%), followed by fruit, beverages (hot, cold and alcoholic beverages combined) and vegetables; together these foods provided over 75% about Si intake. Si intakes in the UK appear consistent with those reported previously for elderly women in Western populations, but lower than those reported for younger women or for men.

scholarly journals Assessment of Food Sources and the Intake of the Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene in Spain

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4436
Author(s):  
Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso ◽  
Ana Benítez-González ◽  
Rocío Estévez-Santiago ◽  
Paula Mapelli-Brahm ◽  
Carla M. Stinco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Orange Color

Phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF), colorless carotenoids, have largely been ignored in food science studies, food technology, and nutrition. However, they are present in commonly consumed foods and may have health-promotion effects and possible uses as cosmetics. The goal of this study is to assess the most important food sources of PT and PTF and their dietary intakes in a representative sample of the adult Spanish population. A total of 62 food samples were analyzed (58 fruit and vegetables; seven items with different varieties/color) and carotenoid data of four foods (three fruits and one processed food) were compiled. PT concentration was higher than that of PTF in all the foods analyzed. The highest PT content was found in carrot, apricot, commercial tomato juice, and orange (7.3, 2.8, 2.0, and 1.1 mg/100 g, respectively). The highest PTF level was detected in carrots, commercial tomato sauce and canned tomato, apricot, and orange juice (1.7, 1.2, 1.0, 0.6, and 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively). The daily intakes of PT and PTF were 1.89 and 0.47 mg/person/day, respectively. The major contributors to the dietary intake of PT (98%) and PTF (73%) were: carrot, tomato, orange/orange juice, apricot, and watermelon. PT and PTF are mainly supplied by vegetables (81% and 69%, respectively). Considering the color of the edible part of the foods analyzed (fruit, vegetables, sauces, and beverages), the major contributor to the daily intake of PT and PTF (about 98%) were of red/orange color.

scholarly journals FODMAP Intake in Spanish Population: Open Approach for Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5882
Author(s):  
Jonatan Miranda ◽  
Maialen Vázquez-Polo ◽  
Gesala Pérez-Junkera ◽  
María del Pilar Fernández-Gil ◽  
María Ángeles Bustamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols’ (FODMAP) were related with intestinal complications. The present study aimed to determine the FODMAP consumption of Spanish children, adolescents and adults, analyzing the real FODMAP risk of foods, and to set an open methodology for the measurement of this intake in other regions as well as nutrient intake assurance. Total fructan analysis was performed analytically in eighty-seven food samples. Daily intake of FODMAPs, fiber and micronutrients was calculated by combining the food composition for selected fermentable carbohydrates with the national food consumption stratified by age in an open software. Spanish child and adolescent total FODMAP consumption was settled as 33.4 ± 92.4 and 27.3 ± 69.0 g/day, respectively. Both intakes were higher than that of the adult population (21.4 ± 56.7 g/day). The most important food sources of lactose, excess of fructose and total fructan, considering their content and dietary intake were different between age groups. The contribution of these foods to dietary calcium and fiber and the consequent risk of deficiency if they are withdrawn was highlighted. We demonstrated the relevance of stratifying the total FODMAP intake by age. An open approach for FODMAP intake quantification and nutrient control was provided.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in health and disease: an insight into traditional functions and new roles for the ‘sunshine vitamin’

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Borradale ◽  
Michael Kimlin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Health And Disease

Vitamin D is unique among the vitamins in that man can synthesise it via the action of UV radiation upon the skin. This combined with its ability to act on specific target tissues via vitamin D receptors (VDR) make its classification as a steroid hormone more appropriate. While vitamin D deficiency is a recognised problem in some northern latitude countries, recent studies have shown that even in sunny countries, such as Australia, vitamin D deficiency may be more prevalent than first thought. Vitamin D is most well known for its role in bone health; however, the discovery of VDR on a wide variety of tissue types has also opened up roles for vitamin D far beyond traditional bone health. These include possible associations with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer, CVD and muscle strength. First, this paper presents an overview of the two sources of vitamin D: exposure to UVB radiation and food sources of vitamin D, with particular focus on both Australian and international studies on dietary vitamin D intake and national fortification strategies. Second, the paper reviews recent epidemiological and experimental evidence linking vitamin D and its role in health and disease for the major conditions linked to suboptimal vitamin D, while identifying significant gaps in the research and possible future directions for research.

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