scholarly journals The effect of carbohydrate and fat variation in euenergetic diets on postabsorptive free fatty acid release

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Bisschop ◽  
Mariëtte T. Ackermans ◽  
Erik Endert ◽  
An F. C. Ruiter ◽  
Alfred J. Meijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
And Control

Diet composition and energy content modulate free fatty acid (FFA) release. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose–response effects of euenergetic variations in dietary carbohydrate and fat content on postabsorptive FFA release. The rate of appearance (Ra) of palmitate was measured by infusion of [2,2-2H2]palmitate after an overnight fast in six healthy men on three separate occasions, i.e. after 7 d on euenergetic control, high-carbohydrate and high-fat diets. The protein content and composition was identical for each diet. Postabsorptive plasma fatty acid concentrations were not different between the high-carbohydrate and control diets (0·36 (SE 0·07) V. 0·43 (se 0·04) mmol/l), but were increased after the high-fat diet (0·75 (se 0·09) mmol/l, (P<0·01 compared with the other diets). Ra palmitate was not different between the high-carbohydrate and control diets (1·36 (se 0·20) v. 1·47 (se 0·15) μmol/kg per min). However, Ra palmitate was increased to 2·36 (se 0·26) μmol/kg per min after the high-fat diet (P<0·01 compared with the other diets). The fatty acid flux and whole-body fat oxidation were not affected by the high-carbohydrate diet compared with the control diet, but were increased by 67 and 47 % respectively, on the high-fat diet (P<0·01 compared with the other diets). A euenergetic high-fat diet results in increased postabsorptive FFA release and fat oxidation, whereas a euenergetic high-carbohydrate diet does not affect these variables of fat metabolism.

scholarly journals Liver Fatty Acid Composition and Inflammation in Mice Fed with High-Carbohydrate Diet or High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena da Silva-Santi ◽  
Marina Antunes ◽  
Silvana Caparroz-Assef ◽  
Fabiana Carbonera ◽  
Laureane Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Liver Fatty Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Linoleate-Rich High-Fat Diet Decreases Mortality in Hypertensive Heart Failure Rats Compared With Lard and Low-Fat Diets

Hypertension ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Chicco ◽  
Genevieve C. Sparagna ◽  
Sylvia A. McCune ◽  
Christopher A. Johnson ◽  
Robert C. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hypertensive Heart Disease ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Recent studies indicate that high-fat diets may attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in chronic hypertension. However, it is unclear whether consuming a high-fat diet improves prognosis in aged individuals with advanced hypertensive heart disease or the extent to which differences in its fatty acid composition modulate its effects in this setting. In this study, aged spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats were administered a standard high-carbohydrate diet or high-fat diet (42% of kilocalories) supplemented with high-linoleate safflower oil or lard until death to determine their effects on disease progression and mortality. Both high-fat diets attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, left ventricular chamber dilation, and systolic dysfunction observed in rats consuming the high-carbohydrate diet. However, the lard diet significantly hastened heart failure mortality compared with the high-carbohydrate diet, whereas the linoleate diet significantly delayed mortality. Both high-fat diets elicited changes in the myocardial fatty acid profile, but neither had any effect on thromboxane excretion or blood pressure. The prosurvival effect of the linoleate diet was associated with a greater myocardial content and linoleate-enrichment of cardiolipin, an essential mitochondrial phospholipid known to be deficient in the failing heart. This study demonstrates that, despite having favorable effects on cardiac morphology and function in hypertension, a high-fat diet may accelerate or attenuate mortality in advanced hypertensive heart disease depending on its fatty acid composition. The precise mechanisms responsible for the divergent effects of the lard and linoleate-enriched diets merit further investigation but may involve diet-induced changes in the content and/or composition of cardiolipin in the heart.

scholarly journals Biochemical aspects of malabsorption in marasmus: effect of dietary rehabilitation

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Mehta ◽  
A. S. Saini ◽  
Harjit Singh ◽  
P. S. Dhatt
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Duodenal Juice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate

1. Sixty marasmic children were investigated for the absorption of xylose, proteins and fats. Their duodenal juice samples were also analysed for bile salts and microflora.2. The marasmic children were then studied in three groups of twenty by allocating them to three different dietary schedules: a high-protein diet (30% of the total energy from protein), a high-fat diet (40% of the total energy from fat) and a high-carbohydrate diet (70% of the total energy from carbohydrate) for 2 weeks and the previous measurements repeated.3. Whereas the high-fat diet resulted in improved fat absorption, along with an increase in total and conjugated bile acids, and the high-carbohydrate diet led to improved xylose absorption, the diet rich in protein resulted in an improvement in the absorption of all three dietary ingredients. It appears that a high-protein diet improves the overall absorption process by improving the intestinal environment as a whole, while high-carbohydrate and high-fat diets bring about adaptive changes related to the respective absorptive processes.

Long-term abuse of a high-carbohydrate diet is as harmful as a high-fat diet for development and progression of liver injury in a mouse model of NAFLD/NASH

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75-76 ◽  
pp. 110782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Pompili ◽  
Antonella Vetuschi ◽  
Eugenio Gaudio ◽  
Alessandra Tessitore ◽  
Roberta Capelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate

scholarly journals CHEMICAL STUDIES ON INTESTINAL INFANTILISM

1912 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis H. McCrudden
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Chemical Studies

In my three cases of intestinal infantilism, the kreatinin excretion was more irregular than normally, and the kreatinin coefficient was low. Kreatin was found in the urine on a kreatin-free diet. The sum of kreatinin and kreatin was also irregular. The endogenous uric acid was irregular from day to day. The kreatin excretion is apparently lower on a high fat diet than on a high carbohydrate diet.

scholarly journals Brain Fatty Acid Composition and Inflammation in Mice Fed with High-Carbohydrate Diet or High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Gimenez da Silva-Santi ◽  
Marina Masetto Antunes ◽  
Marco Mori ◽  
Camila Biesdorf de Almeida-Souza ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Integrin Subunit ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Fa Composition

Both high fat diet (HFD) and high carbohydrate diet (HCD) modulate brain fatty acids (FA) composition. Notwithstanding, there is a lack of information on time sequence of brain FA deposition either for HFD or HCD. The changes in brain FA composition in mice fed with HFD or HCD for 7, 14, 28, or 56 days were compared with results of 0 (before starting given the diets). mRNA expressions of allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Aif1), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox 2), F4/80, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), integrin subunit alpha m (Itgam), interleukin IL-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured. The HFD group had higher speed of deposition of saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) at the beginning of the experimental period. However, on day 56, the total amount of SFA, MUFA, and PUFA were similar. mRNA expressions of F4/80 and Itgam, markers of microglia infiltration, were increased (p < 0.05) in the brain of the HCD group whereas inflammatory marker index (IMI) was higher (46%) in HFD group. In conclusion, the proportion of fat and carbohydrates in the diet modulates the speed deposition of FA and expression of inflammatory gene markers.

Role of carbohydrate type on diet selection in neuropeptide Y-stimulated rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (6) ◽  
pp. R2040-R2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Glass ◽  
James P. Cleary ◽  
Charles J. Billington ◽  
Allen S. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Diet Versus ◽  
High Sucrose

We tested whether carbohydrate source (corn starch, sucrose, Polycose) influences the choice between a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet in spontaneously feeding rats and in rats stimulated to eat by neuropeptide Y (NPY) administration or food deprivation. Rats were tested under three diet options: 1) a high-fat diet versus a high-corn starch diet; 2) a high-fat diet versus a high-sucrose diet; and 3) a high-fat diet versus a high-Polycose diet. During daily and stimulated feeding rats ate more of the high-carbohydrate diet than the fat diet when the source of carbohydrate was sucrose or Polycose; however, when corn starch was provided as the carbohydrate source rats ate more of the high-fat diet. Food-deprived rats increased intake of both the high-fat and the high-carbohydrate diets, with the proportion of energy ingested from each of the diets resembling that noted during 3 days of spontaneous feeding. NPY-injected rats ate more of both the high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets during diet options 1 and 3, but not during option 2 when the high-sucrose and high-fat diets were offered concurrently. In that case, rats did not significantly increase their intake of the high-fat diet. Although carbohydrate source and NPY administration each influenced diet selection, altering the source of carbohydrate had a more marked effect.

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