scholarly journals In vivo measurement of lipogenesis in ruminants using [1-14C]acetate

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. R. Greathead ◽  
J. M. Dawson ◽  
N. D. Scollan ◽  
P. J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Continuous Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Tissue Lipid ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Infusion Period

A method for the measurement of the rate of lipogenesis in ruminants using a continuous intravenous infusion of [1-14C]acetate and measuring the rate of [1-14C]acetate incorporation into adipose tissue lipid was evaluated. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples obtained by biopsy over the course of a 6 h continuous intravenous infusion of [1-14C]acetate into a wether and a steer maintained in a ‘metabolic steady state’ demonstrated that the incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into subcutaneous adipose tissue lipid was linear for the duration of the infusion period. Subsequent measures of rates of [1-14C]acetate incorporation into adipose tissue lipid were made on adipose tissue samples taken at a single time point during the infusion period. The technique was used to measure rates of lipogenesis in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of fourteen Hereford × Friesian steers that had been fed a pelleted diet of dried grass at a range of metabolizable energy (ME) intakes from 1·1 × ME requirement for maintenance to ad libitum for 11 weeks. Rates of lipogenesis increased linearly (P<0·001) with increasing ME intake. It was concluded that the method is an effective technique for measuring rates of lipogenesis in specific adipose tissue depots in vivo in ruminants.

METABOLISM IN ADIPOSE TISSUE AND MUSCLE OF THE YOUNG PIG

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ADEOLA ◽  
B. W. McBRIDE ◽  
R. O. BALL ◽  
L. G. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Subcutaneous adipose tissue and intercostal and sartorius muscles from five barrows and five gilts at 20 kg liveweight were used to study lipogenesis, lipolysis, Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration and protein synthesis. Lipogenesis rate measured by 14C-acetate incorporation into lipid was similar between barrows and gilts; and 100 μg insulin per mL enhanced (P < 0.1) subcutaneous adipose tissue lipogenesis by 74%. Lipolysis rate quantitated by glycerol release was similar between barrows and gilts (3546 and 4160 nmol g−1 2 h−1). Adenosine deaminase and norepinephrine together enhanced adipose tissue lipolytic response by 102%. Fractional and absolute rates of protein synthesis were similar between barrows and gilts (3.24 and 3.69% d−1; 6.01 and 6.06 mg g−1 d−1); and between intercostal and sartorius muscles. Barrows had lower Na+, K+-ATPase-dependent respiration than gilts and the maintenance of Na+ and K+ transmembrane ionic gradient in the muscle preparations accounted for 23–26% of total respiration. Key words: Pigs, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, metabolism

The use of microdialysis to characterize the endocrine production of human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo

2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Dostálová ◽  
Petra Kaválková ◽  
Denisa Haluzíková ◽  
Jitka Housová ◽  
Martin Matoulek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Ultralong TE In Vivo 1 H MR Spectroscopy of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue at 7 T

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gajdošík ◽  
Lukas Hingerl ◽  
Antonín Škoch ◽  
Angelika Freudenthaler ◽  
Patrik Krumpolec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

In vivo effect of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) on the gene expression of calcitonin peptides in human subcutaneous adipose tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Pivovarova ◽  
Özlem Gögebakan ◽  
Martin A. Osterhoff ◽  
Michael Nauck ◽  
Andreas F.H. Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulinotropic Peptide ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

The cellular and metabolic organization of ovine subcutaneous adipose tissue

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Thornton ◽  
RL Hood ◽  
RWD Rowe ◽  
PN Jones
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Acetate Incorporation ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Metabolic Organization ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Structure And Metabolism

The cellular organization and lipogenic capacity ([14C]acetate incorporation per l06 cells) of sections, parallel to the skin, of subcutaneous adipose tissue from the rump, shoulder and brisket regions of fat sheep were studied. Adipocytes from the brisket (134 �m in mean diameter; 1.35 nl in mean volume) were smaller than those from the shoulder (213 �m; 4.77 nl) or rump (202 �m; 4.69 nl). Furthermore, cells from the brisket incorporated significantly less [I4C]acetate than those from either the shoulder or rump, which were not significantly different in lipogenic capacity. The frequency distributions of diameters of cells from the rump and shoulder were predominantly normal, but those of brisket cells were positively skewed. Adipocytes were larger and lipogenesis was greater in sections closer to the skin than in sections closer to the muscle for each region. This gradient of cell size and lipogenic capacity indicates that ovine subcutaneous adipose tissue is not homogeneous but is organized in structure and metabolism.

Effects of Insulin Deprivation and Replacement on In Vivo Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Substrate Metabolism in Humans

Diabetes ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 666-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hagstrom-Toft ◽  
P. Arner ◽  
B. Naslund ◽  
U. Ungerstedt ◽  
J. Bolinder
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals RANTES release by human adipose tissue in vivo and evidence for depot-specific differences

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. E1262-E1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Madani ◽  
Kalypso Karastergiou ◽  
Nicola C. Ogston ◽  
Nazar Miheisi ◽  
Rahul Bhome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Circulating Levels

Obesity is associated with elevated inflammatory signals from various adipose tissue depots. This study aimed to evaluate release of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) by human adipose tissue in vivo and ex vivo, in reference to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Arteriovenous differences of RANTES, MCP-1, and IL-6 were studied in vivo across the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy Caucasian subjects with a wide range of adiposity. Systemic levels and ex vivo RANTES release were studied in abdominal subcutaneous, gastric fat pad, and omental adipose tissue from morbidly obese bariatric surgery patients and in thoracic subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue from cardiac surgery patients without coronary artery disease. Arteriovenous studies confirmed in vivo RANTES and IL-6 release in adipose tissue of lean and obese subjects and release of MCP-1 in obesity. However, in vivo release of MCP-1 and RANTES, but not IL-6, was lower than circulating levels. Ex vivo release of RANTES was greater from the gastric fat pad compared with omental ( P = 0.01) and subcutaneous ( P = 0.001) tissue. Epicardial adipose tissue released less RANTES than thoracic subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean ( P = 0.04) but not obese subjects. Indexes of obesity correlated with epicardial RANTES but not with systemic RANTES or its release from other depots. In conclusion, RANTES is released by human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo and in varying amounts by other depots ex vivo. While it appears unlikely that the adipose organ contributes significantly to circulating levels, local implications of this chemokine deserve further investigation.

Estradiol effects on subcutaneous adipose tissue lipolysis in premenopausal women are adipose tissue depot specific and treatment dependent

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (11) ◽  
pp. E1167-E1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Gavin ◽  
Elizabeth E. Cooper ◽  
Dustin K. Raymer ◽  
Robert C. Hickner
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Rest Perfusion ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Regional Adiposity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Estrogen has direct effects within adipose tissue and has been implicated in regional adiposity; however, the influence of estrogen on in vivo lipolysis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local 17β-estradiol (E2) on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) lipolysis in premenopausal women. In vivo lipolysis (dialysate glycerol) was measured in 17 women (age 27.4 ± 2.0 yr, BMI 29.7 ± 0.5 kg/m2) via microdialysis of abdominal (AB) and gluteal (GL) SAT. Glycerol was measured at baseline and during acute interventions to increase lipolysis including local perfusion of isoproterenol (ISO, β-adrenergic agonist, 1.0 μmol/l), phentolamine (PHEN, α-adrenergic antagonist, 0.1 mmol/l), and submaximal exercise (60% V̇o2peak, 30 min); all with and without coperfusion of E2(500 nmol/l). E2coperfusion blunted the lipolytic response to ISO in AB (E2196 ± 31%, control 258 ± 26%, P = 0.003) but not in GL (E2113 ± 14%, control 111 ± 12%, P = 0.43) adipose tissue. At rest, perfusion of PHEN with ISO did not change dialysate glycerol. Submaximal exercise during ISO + PHEN increased dialysate glycerol in the AB (56 ± 9%) and GL (62 ± 12%) regions. Probes perfused with E2during exercise and ISO + PHEN had an increased lipolytic response in AB (90 ± 9%, P = 0.007) but a lower response in GL (35 ± 7%, P = 0.05) SAT compared with no-E2conditions. E2effects on lipolysis are region specific and may work through both adrenergic and adrenergic-independent mechanisms to potentiate and/or blunt SAT lipolysis in premenopausal women.

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