scholarly journals Feeding dried purple laver (nori) to vitamin B12-deficient rats significantly improves vitamin B12 status

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Takenaka ◽  
Sumi Sugiyama ◽  
Shuhei Ebara ◽  
Emi Miyamoto ◽  
Katsuo Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Porphyra Yezoensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Total Vitamin

To clarify the bioavailability of vitamin B12 in lyophylized purple laver (nori; Porphyra yezoensis), total vitamin B12 and vitamin B12 analogue contents in the laver were determined, and the effects of feeding the laver to vitamin B12-deficient rats were investigated. The amount of total vitamin B12 in the dried purple laver was estimated to be 54.5 and 58.6 (SE 5.3 and 7.5 respectively) ΜG/100 g dry weight by lactobacillus bioassay and chemiluminescent assay with hog intrinsic factor respectively. the purple laver contained five types of biologically active vitamin b12 compounds (cyano-, hydroxo-, sulfito-, adenosyl- and methylcobalamin), in which the vitamin b12 coezymes (adenosyl- and methylcobalamin) comprised about 60 % of the total vitamin b12. when 9-week-old vitamin b12-deficient rats, which excreted substantial amounts of methylmalonic acid (71.7(se 20.2) μmol/d) in urine, were fed the diet supplemented with dried purple laver (10 μg/kg diet) for 20 d, urinary methylmalonic acid excretion (as an index of vitamin B12 deficiency) became undetectable and hepatic vitamin B12 (especially adenosylcobalamin) levels were significantly increased. These results indicate that vitamin B12 in dried purple laver is bioavailable to rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin B12 Treatment on Haptocorrin

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1104-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L Mørkbak ◽  
Anne-Mette Hvas ◽  
Zouë Lloyd-Wright ◽  
Tom AB Sanders ◽  
Øyvind Bleie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Oral Vitamin

Abstract Background: Haptocorrin (HC) carries the major part of circulating cobalamin, but whether HC is altered on treatment with vitamin B12 remains unknown. Methods: Our study included 3 populations: a population of vegan men (n = 174; vegan population), of whom 63 were treated daily with 5 mg of oral vitamin B12 for 3 months; a group of patients with a previous methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentration >0.4 μmol/L (n = 140; population with suspected deficiency), of which 69 were treated with weekly vitamin B12 injections (1 mg) for 4 weeks; and a subgroup of participants in a vitamin B intervention study (n = 88; nondeficient population), of whom 45 were treated daily with 0.4 mg of oral vitamin B12 for 3 months. Total HC and holoHC were measured by ELISA. Cobalamin was measured by an intrinsic factor (IF)-based assay. Samples were collected at baseline and 3 months after start of treatment. Results: Compared with baseline results for the 3 study populations, total HC and holoHC increased 30 pmol/L for every 100 pmol/L increase in cobalamin. After treatment with vitamin B12, holoHC (P <0.0001) and total HC (P <0.0001) increased significantly in the vegan population. Only holoHC increased in the population with suspected deficiency (P <0.0001), whereas no alteration was observed in the nondeficient population. Conclusions: The HC concentration is decreased in severely cobalamin-deficient individuals and increases on treatment. The concentration of cobalamin also relates significantly to the HC concentration in nondeficient individuals.

Progressive Imbalance and Visual Impairment in a Patient With Diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-250
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Serum Gastrin ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Neurologic Manifestations ◽  
History Of

A 72-year-old man with hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes sought care for a 3-year history of slowly progressive, ascending lower limb paresthesias and imbalance. Three months earlier, he noted subacute onset of finger numbness and substantial worsening of imbalance with infrequent falls. He also had a 1-year history of progressive visual decline that persisted despite cataract surgery. Additional symptoms included intermittent light-headedness and confusion. Laboratory evaluations showed a decreased hemoglobin value and an increased mean corpuscular volume. Macrocytic red blood cells were noted on a peripheral blood smear. Serum vitamin B12 level was less than 70 ng/L. Levels of plasma homocysteine and serum methylmalonic acid were markedly increased to 375 µmol/L and 143 nmol/L, respectively. Serum copper level was normal. Serum parietal cell antibodies were increased to 46 U, and intrinsic factor antibodies were absent. Serum gastrin was markedly increased. The clinical presentation in this patient suggested a myeloneuropathy. His vitamin B12 level was undetectable and accompanied by a macrocytic anemia and increased methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels. Even though intrinsic factor antibodies were negative, the clinical picture was supportive of subacute combined degeneration in the setting of pernicious anemia. The patient was started on vitamin B12 replacement. At 6-month follow-up he had striking improvement in gait and vision. The light-headedness and confusion were no longer present. His examination was remarkable only for mild impairment, with tandem gait and a slightly positive Romberg sign. The lower limb reflexes were reduced. Impaired position perception at the toes persisted, but vibration perception in the lower limbs improved. Laboratory investigations showed normalization of the hemoglobin, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine levels. The serum gastrin level had improved but was still increased at 742 pg/mL. The best-characterized neurologic manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency include myelopathy and myeloneuropathy. Autonomic neuropathy, optic neuropathy, and neuropsychiatric manifestations have also been reported. Neurologic manifestations may occur without evidence of the characteristic hematologic derangement, megaloblastic anemia. Macrocytosis or hypersegmented neutrophils on peripheral blood smear may be clues.

scholarly journals Improved testing for vitamin B12 deficiency: correcting MMA for eGFR reduces the number of patients classified as vitamin B12 deficient

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia LM van Loon ◽  
Anna M Wilbik ◽  
Uzay Kaymak ◽  
Edwin R van den Heuvel ◽  
Volkher Scharnhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Background Methylmalonic acid (MMA) can detect functional vitamin B12 deficiencies as it accumulates early when intracellular deficits arise. However, impaired clearance of MMA from blood due to decreased glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) also results in elevated plasma MMA concentrations. Alternative to clinical trials, a data mining approach was chosen to quantify and compensate for the effect of decreased eGFR on MMA concentration. Methods Comprehensive data on patient’s vitamin B12, eGFR and MMA concentrations were collected ( n = 2906). The relationship between vitamin B12, renal function (eGFR) and MMA was modelled using weighted multiple linear regression. The obtained model was used to estimate the influence of decreased eGFR on MMA. Clinical impact was examined by comparing the number of patients labelled vitamin B12 deficient with and without adjustment in MMA. Results Adjusting measured MMA concentrations for eGFR in the group of patients with low-normal vitamin B12 concentrations (90–300 pmol/L) showed that the use of unadjusted MMA concentrations overestimates vitamin B12 deficiency by 40%. Conclusions Through a data mining approach, the influence of eGFR on the relation between MMA and vitamin B12 can be quantified and used to correct the measured MMA concentration for decreased eGFR. Especially in the elderly, eGFR-based correction of MMA may prevent over-diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency and corresponding treatment.

THE CONSTITUENTS OF COD LIVER WITH VITAMIN B12 ACTIVITY FOR LACTOBACILLUS LEICHMANNII

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Beryl Truscott ◽  
P. L. Hoogland
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Microbiological Assay ◽  
Countercurrent Distribution ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Partition Chromatography ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Beef Liver ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Lactobacillus Leichmannii

The identity of the compounds that together form the total microbiological vitamin B12 activity of cod-liver residue was determined by a fractionation procedure involving ion exchange, countercurrent distribution, partition chromatography, and microbiological assay. The presence of cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and the desoxyribosides of thymine, uracil, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and guanine was demonstrated. The total vitamin B12 activity, as determined by microbiological assay with Lactobacillus leichmannii, and its distribution in cod-liver residue, were very similar to those of beef liver. Cod-liver residues may be used to replace beef liver in vitamin B12 preparations.

Intestinal distribution of intrinsic factor and vitamin B12 absorption

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Okuda ◽  
Katsumi Sasayama
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Vitamin B12 Absorption ◽  
Small Intestine Absorption

Evidence is presented that intrinsic-factor (IF) activity is present in the small intestine as far down as the ileal end. Physiologic doses of radioactive vitamin B12 without IF were applied directly into various levels of the intestine by surgical and other means in man and rats, and significant absorption was obtained from the small intestine. Absorption inhibition by ethylenediaminetetraacetate and its counteraction by Ca ion demonstrated that such absorption was dependent on IF action. The large intestine was shown to be incapable of physiologic absorption of vitamin B12, and IF was totally ineffective. It is proposed that physiologically, gastric IF descends with some activity in the small intestine, where more of the food vitamin B12 is liberated by digestion and subjected to IF.

scholarly journals Changes in Vitamin E and β-Carotene Contents in Various Edible Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) of Different Ages across Multiple Seasons

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alphonse Laya ◽  
Benoît B. Koubala
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Ages

Vitamin E and carotenoids belong to a group of bioactive compounds that have an important effect on human health. The present study aims to investigate for the first time the concentration of vitamin E, α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol, and β-carotene in edible cassava leaves during different ages. The analysis was performed using colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) methods. A significant difference was found among α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol concentrations in leaves; γ- and α-tocopherol isomer contents were the predominant in amount, respectively. Among the leaves, AD variety harvested at 6 months after planting (MAP) was the highest in total vitamin E (222 μgα-TE/g). However, the highest γ-tocopherol content (2782 μg/100g) and the content of biologically active vitamin E (1244 μg/100g) were found in EN variety at 6MAP, whereas the highest value (42 μg/g) of β-carotene was found in AD variety at 12MAP. Total vitamin E and tocopherol isomers composition varied among varieties and seasons as did β-carotene. The effects of varieties and harvest ages on the biosynthesis regulation of these compounds were confirmed by principal component analysis (F1x F2: 74.34%). Edible cassava leaves can be considered as sources of vitamin E for natural dietary antioxidant during different ages, and the best time to harvest EN and AD varieties is at 6MAP on the basis of α-tocopherol equivalent or content of biologically active vitamin E content, and EN and AD varieties performed the overall best. Thus, the edible cassava leaves are among the leafy vegetables that could be helpful to suggest as a part of daily meal for health benefits and pharmaceutical purposes.

scholarly journals Profiling immuno-metabolic mediators of vitamin B12 deficiency among metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249325
Author(s):  
Samuel Asamoah Sakyi ◽  
Edwin Ferguson Laing ◽  
Richard Mantey ◽  
Alexander Kwarteng ◽  
Eddie-Williams Owiredu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Background The association between prolong metformin usage and B12 deficiency has been documented. However, the prevalence estimates of metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency showed substantial disparity among studies due to varied study definitions of vitamin B12 deficiency. Metformin blocks the calcium dependent absorption of the vitamin B12-Intrinsic Factor complex at the terminal ileum. Lack of intrinsic factor due to the presence of auto-antibodies to parietal cells (IFA) could lead to vitamin B12 deficiency and subsequently cause peripheral neuropathy. We investigated the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency using more sensitive, combined markers of vitamin B12 status (4cB12) and the immuno-biochemical mediators of vitamin B12 deficiency. Methods In this observational study, 200 consecutive consenting metformin-treated T2DM patients, aged 35 and above, attending the diabetic clinic at KATH were recruited. Vitamin B12 deficiency was classified based on the Fedosov age-normalized wellness quotient. Anthropometric measurement was taken as well as blood samples for immunological and biochemical mediators. Peripheral neuropathy was assessed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Statistical analysis was performed using the R Language for Statistical Computing. Results Using the combined indicator (4cB12), the prevalence of metformin induced vitamin B12 deficiency was 40.5% whilst the prevalence of MNSI-Q and MNSI-PE diabetic neuropathy was 32.5% and 6.5% respectively. Participants with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher levels of IFA, GPA, TNF-α, TC, LDL and albumin compared to those with normal vitamin B12 levels (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant negative association between 4cB12 and the immunological markers [IFA (rs = -0.301, p<0.0001), GPA (rs = -0.244, p = 0.001), TNF-α (rs = -0.242, p = 0.001) and IL-6 (rs = -0.145, p = 0.041)]. Likewise, 4cB12 was negatively associated with TC (rs = -0.203, p = 0.004) and LDL (rs = -0.222, p = 0.002) but positively correlated with HDL (rs = 0.196, p = 0.005). Conclusion Vitamin B12 deficiency and diabetic neuropathy are very high among metformin-treated T2DM patients and it is associated with increased GPA, IFA, TNF-α and cardiometabolic risk factors (higher LDL and TC and lower HDL). Upon verification of these findings in a prospective case-control study, it may be beneficial to include periodic measurement of Vitamin B12 using the more sensitive combined indicators (4cB 12) in the management of patients with T2DM treated with metformin in Ghana.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional Association Between Vitamin B12 Status and Probable Postpartum Depression in Indian Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Dhiman ◽  
Raji R Pillai ◽  
Anand B Wilson ◽  
Nancy Premkumar ◽  
Balaji Bharadwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Active Molecule ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Probable Depression

Abstract BackgroundVitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient for neurological function, as it leads to the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine, which is precursor of biologically active molecule SAM. Pregnancy is a state of increased demand and delayed postpartum repletion of nutrients may predispose women to depression. MethodsWomen attending postpartum clinic at 6 weeks post-delivery were screened for the presence of depressive symptoms using Edinburg postpartum depression scale (EPDS). Based on a cut-off of 10, two groups were taken- women with probable depression with EPDS score>10 (n=217) and women without probable depression with EPDS score<10(n=217). Plasma total vitamin B12, holotranscobalamin, homocysteine, MMA, 5-methyl THF, SAM and serotonin levels were estimated using commercially available ELISA kits. Combined B12(cB12) score was calculated and analysis of resulting data was done using SPSS ver20.0. ResultsTotal vitamin B12 was significantly lower (p=0.001) and MMA (p=0.002) and 5-methyl THF(p<0.001) levels were higher in women with probable depression than women without probable depression. Combined B12 index was also lower in women with probable PPD (p=0.001). Women in the lowest vitamin B12 quartile had 4.53 times higher likelihood of probable postpartum depression (p < 0.001). Decreasing vitamin B12 (OR = 0.394; 95% CI: 0.189-0.822) and cB12 (OR=0.293; 95% CI:0182-0.470) and increasing MMA (OR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.63-2.83) and 5-methyl THF levels (OR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.59-6.83) were significantly associated with the risk of PPD.ConclusionLow vitamin B12 may contribute to depressive symptoms in vulnerable postpartum period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document