scholarly journals Long-term supplementation with selenate and selenomethionine: urinary excretion by New Zealand women

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion F. Robinson ◽  
Christine D. Thomson ◽  
Christopher P. Jenkinson ◽  
Gu Luzhen ◽  
Philip D Whanger
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Renal Clearances ◽  
A Minor

Thirty-six New Zealand women aged between 18 and 23 years received daily for 32 weeks, 200 µg Se as Se-enriched yeast (selenomethionine, SeMet), or brewer's yeast mixed with selenate, or no added Se (placebo) in a double-blind trial. Mean daily Se excretion increased with both supplements; the selenate group excreted more than the SeMet group, 123v. 66 µg/d respectively at week 2, equivalent to 57v. 27 % of the dose. Thereafter Se output increased for the SeMet group reaching a plateau at about 100 µg/d at week 16, when plasma Se had also plateaued at 190 ng/ml. The selenate group had reached an earlier plateau of 110 ng Se/ml at week 7. There was a close relationship between 24 h urine and plasma Se for the SeMet group but not for the selenate group. Renal plasma clearances showed two distinctly different responses; the clearance of 0·4 ml/min reached by the SeMet group at week 2 plateaued as plasma Se increased almost 2-fold; whereas for the selenate group the clearance varied between 0·8 and 1·1 ml/min whilst plasma Se remained almost constant at 110 ng/ml. Previous studies, also of 200 µgSe/d as Se-rich bread, in New Zealand (NZ) and elsewhere showed similar responses to Se-yeast; the selenite response was intermediate between selenate and Se-yeast (SeMet). The full significance of these studies awaits identification of Se components in plasma, glomerular filtrate and urine; meanwhile renal clearances serve as a pointer to changes in the distribution of Se-containing fractions in the plasma. Trimethylselenonium was detected in basal urines, and was a minor component in urines of supplemented NZ subjects at about 1 % of the total Se.

On supplementing the selenium intake of New Zealanders

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion F. Robinson ◽  
Heather M. Rea ◽  
Gaylene M. Friend ◽  
R. D. H. Stewart ◽  
P. C. Snow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multiple Dosing ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Close Relationship

1. The daily intake of selenium by three subjects was supplemented with 100 μg Se as selenomethionine (Semet-Se) or sodium selenite (selenite-Se)/d for 10–11 weeks, or with 65 μg Se as in mackerel (Scomber japonicus) (fish-Se)/d for 4 weeks.2. Urinary and faecal excretion of Se was measured and also Se concentration in whole blood, plasma and erythrocytes. Measurements on blood were made at intervals after supplementation had ceased.3. Selenite-Se was not as well absorbed (0.46 of the intake) during the first 4 weeks as Semet-Se (0.75 of the intake) and fish Se (0.66 of the intake).4. Blood Se increased steadily with Semet-Se, from 0.08 to 0.18 μg Se/ml, but more slowly with selenite-Se, reaching a plateau in 7–8 weeks at 0.11 μg Se/ml. Plasma Se increased more rapidly with Semet-Se than with selenite-Se, so that initially with Semet-Se plasma Se was greater than erythrocyte Se.5. Daily urinary excretion increased with all forms of supplement, with initially a greater proportion of absorbed selenite-Se being excreted than Semet-Se or fish-Se. A close relationship was found between plasma Se and 24 h urinary excretion. The findings suggested that there was a rapid initial excretion of presumably unbound Se then a slower excretion of residual unbound, loosely bound or bound Se.6. Total retentions of 3.5 mg selenite-Se and 4.5 mg Semet-Se were large when compared with an estimate of body content of 6 mg Se, derived in another paper (Stewart, Griffiths, Thomson & Robinson, 1978). Retentions of Semet-Se and fish-Se appeared to be reflected in blood Se, whereas for selenite-Se, blood Se reflected retention for only a short period after which Se appeared to be retained without altering the blood Se. This suggested that Semet-Se and selenite-Se were metabolized differently.7. A double blind-dosing trial with 100 μg Semet-Se was carried out for 12 weeks on twenty-four patients with muscular complaints in Tapanui, a low-Se-soil area. Blood Se increased in the experimental group (from 0.067 to 0.143 μg Se/ml); clinical findings were not conclusive and will be presented elsewhere.8. Blood Se was measured in New Zealand residents before travelling to Europe or to North America. On return their blood Se was increased, and depending upon the period of time spent outside New Zealand some values reached concentrations found in visitors and new settlers to New Zealand.9. The results from these studies and the earlier studies of single and multiple dosing have been used to look at the various criteria in use for assessing Se status of subjects. It is suggested that plasma Se be used in preference to 24 h urinary excretion, and in addition to whole blood Se and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) activity.

A Pilot Study for a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of the Influence of Anesthetic Depth on Long-Term Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 237-238
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Short ◽  
Kate Leslie ◽  
Douglas Campbell ◽  
Matthew T. V. Chan ◽  
Tomas Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Anesthetic Depth ◽  
Blind Trial

Normalization By Suloctidil Of Decreased Platelet Survival In Patients With Heart Prosthetic Valves In Randomized Controlled Double Blind Trial

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ciavarella ◽  
S Antoneecchit ◽  
N D’Elia ◽  
P Ranieri ◽  
A Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Platelet Survival

Platelets play an important role in thromboembo lie episodes in the life of patients with heart prosthetic valves. Decreased platelet survival and increased B-Tromboglobulin and Platelet F4 in the blood are constant features of such condition.45 patients on long term anticoagulant treatment (thrombotest 5-10%),26 males(mean age 46) and 19 females(mean age 44), were studied. 22 normal sub jects served as controls.Platelets survival was studied with MDA production after 5oo mg Aspirin intake and was found signifi canly reduced in patients in comparison to contro Is(p.8.00±1.4 days;c.10.00±1.67 days; P<0.01).BTG and PF4 as measured by RIA were increased (BTG:p.97.8±59 NG/ML;c.29.18±22.40 NG/ML; P<0.01) (PF4:p.36.6±26.5 NG/ML;c.6.29±4.78 NG/ML; P<0.01) The patients were randomly allocated to one of the following groups( 15 subjects each): placebo, Suloctidil 600 mg:die, Suloctidil 1200 mg:die. Duration treatment was 30 days.The effect of Suloctidil was significantly different from that of placebo( P<0.005),as regards Platelet survival without difference between dosa ges of the drug;as concerns BTG and PF4 the chang es under placebo and drug were not different.

A Double-Blind Trial of Long-Term Lithium Therapy in Mental Defectives

1974 ◽  
Vol 124 (578) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Naylor ◽  
J. M. Donald ◽  
David Le Poidevin ◽  
Andrew H. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Mental Defectives

The therapeutic effect of lithium in mania was first described by Cade (1949), but the possibility that lithium could have a prophylactic action in recurrent affective disorders was not suggested until some years later (Hartigan, 1963; Baastrup, 1964). The early studies of the prophylactic action of lithium were open trials, in which both investigator and patient knew that the patient was receiving the drug. More recently, controlled double-blind studies have confirmed these early reports (Melia, 1970; Coppenet al., 1971; Cundallet al., 19712).

A Pilot Study for a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of the Influence of Anesthetic Depth on Long-Term Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Short ◽  
Kate Leslie ◽  
Douglas Campbell ◽  
Matthew T. V. Chan ◽  
Tomas Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Anesthetic Depth ◽  
Blind Trial

Athrombogenic coating of long-term venous catheter for cancer patients: a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicitas Hitz ◽  
Dirk Klingbiel ◽  
Aurelius Omlin ◽  
Salomé Riniker ◽  
Andreas Zerz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial
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