scholarly journals Vitamin E incorporated into a very-low-fat meal is absorbed from the intestine of young rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Brink ◽  
Edward Haddeman ◽  
Lilian B. M. Tijburg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

Vegetable fats and oils are major sources of dietary vitamin E. Consequently the current trend to reduce fat consumption is accompanied by a reduction of the intake of vitamin E. In addition, the absorption of vitamin E is thought to be dependent on the hydroiysis of dietary lipids in the small intestine. It is therefore conceivable that a lower dietary fat intake also diminishes the intestinal absorption of vitamin E. The present 3-week feeding study in young male rats was designed to investigate whether different concentrations of vitamin E added to a very-low-fat product (0, 330 or 1350mgdl-α-tocopheryl acetate/kg product) were absorbed. We therefore incorporated these products into a very-low-fat meal (final fat concentration: 7 g/kg) or a low-fat meal containing 52 g fat/kg. The magnitude of vitamin E absorption from these meals was compared with that from meals containing similar amounts of vitamin E, but a high fat concentration of 190 g/kg. Apparent vitamin E absorption was defined as intake of α- tocopherol equivalents (αTE) minus faecal αTE excretion over 4 d during week 3 of the experimental period. The results of this study showed that apparent absorption of vitamin E from a very-low-fat meal varied, depending on the vitamin E concentration, from 73 to 83%. The magnitude of this vitamin E absorption was not significantly different from that from meals containing a high amount of fat. Liver vitamin E status was equal in rats fed on the very-low-fat meals compared with those fed on the high- fat meals. We conclude that, when very-low-fat or low-fat products are used as a replacement for full- fat products, addition of vitamin E to these products, asdl-α-tocopheryl acetate, might be useful in meeting the vitamin E requirements.

scholarly journals The absorption of vitamin E is influenced by the amount of fat in a meal and the food matrix

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Jeanes ◽  
Wendy L. Hall ◽  
Susan Ellard ◽  
Elizabeth Lee ◽  
John K. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Skimmed Milk

Vitamin E absorption requires the presence of fat; however, limited information exists on the influence of fat quantity on optimal absorption. In the present study we compared the absorption of stable-isotope-labelled vitamin E following meals of varying fat content and source. In a randomised four-way cross-over study, eight healthy individuals consumed a capsule containing 150 mg 2H-labelled RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate with a test meal of toast with butter (17·5 g fat), cereal with full-fat milk (17·5 g fat), cereal with semi-skimmed milk (2·7 g fat) and water (0 g fat). Blood was taken at 0, 0·5, 1, 1·5, 2, 3, 6 and 9 h following ingestion, chylomicrons were isolated, and 2H-labelled α-tocopherol was analysed in the chylomicron and plasma samples. There was a significant time (P<0·001) and treatment effect (P<0·001) in 2H-labelled α-tocopherol concentration in both chylomicrons and plasma between the test meals. 2H-labelled α-tocopherol concentration was significantly greater with the higher-fat toast and butter meal compared with the low-fat cereal meal or water (P<0·001), and a trend towards greater concentration compared with the high-fat cereal meal (P=0·065). There was significantly greater 2H-labelled α-tocopherol concentration with the high-fat cereal meal compared with the low-fat cereal meal (P<0·05). The 2H-labelled α-tocopherol concentration following either the low-fat cereal meal or water was low. These results demonstrate that both the amount of fat and the food matrix influence vitamin E absorption. These factors should be considered by consumers and for future vitamin E intervention studies.

scholarly journals Central and peripheral arterial stiffness responses to uninterrupted prolonged sitting combined with a high-fat meal: a randomized controlled crossover trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Fryer ◽  
Keeron Stone ◽  
Craig Paterson ◽  
Meghan Brown ◽  
James Faulkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIndependently, prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the consumption of a meal high in saturated fats acutely disrupt normal cardiovascular function. Currently, the acute effects of these behaviors performed in combination on arterial stiffness, a marker of cardiovascular health, are unknown. This study sought to determine the effect of consuming a high-fat meal (Δ = 51 g fat) in conjunction with prolonged uninterrupted sitting (180 min) on measures of central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Using a randomized crossover design, 13 young healthy males consumed a high-fat (61 g) or low-fat (10 g) meal before 180 min of uninterrupted sitting. Carotid-femoral (cf) and femoral-ankle (fa) pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral PWV beta (β), and oscillometric pulse wave analysis outcomes were assessed pre and post sitting. cfPWV increased significantly more following the high-fat (mean difference [MD] = 0.59 m·s−1) meal than following the low-fat (MD = 0.2 m·s−1) meal, with no change in faPWV in either condition. The af-SG significantly decreased (worsened) (ηp2 = 0.569) over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ratio = 0.1 and 0.1, respectively). Superficial femoral PWVβ significantly increased over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ηp2 = 0.321; 0.8 and 0.4 m·s−1, respectively). Triglycerides increased over time in the high-fat trial only (ηp2 = 0.761). There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Consuming a high-fat meal prior to 180 min of uninterrupted sitting augments markers of cardiovascular disease risk more than consuming a low-fat meal prior to sitting.

scholarly journals Identification of the principal transcriptional regulators for low-fat and high-fat meal responsive genes in small intestine

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Octave Mucunguzi ◽  
Aicha Melouane ◽  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Mayumi Yoshioka ◽  
André Boivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

Dietary lipids modify receptor- and non-receptor-dependent components of alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated contraction

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (6) ◽  
pp. R1465-R1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Hodgkin ◽  
R. J. Boucek ◽  
R. E. Purdy ◽  
W. J. Pearce ◽  
I. M. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Alpha Adrenoceptor ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Dietary lipid modulation of alpha-adrenoceptor (adrenergic receptor)- and non-adrenoceptor-mediated contractile properties of isolated rat abdominal aortic segments were assessed during the early developmental period. Rats were raised from conception to 90 days of age on semisynthetic diets containing various types and amounts of lipids. Aortic segments from three groups of rats fed high-fat diets (15% wt/wt) consisting of olive oil, corn oil, or lard as the sole lipid sources were compared with those from rats fed a low-fat control diet containing corn oil (5% wt/wt). alpha-Adrenoceptor activities were assessed by measuring the norepinephrine dose response of the tissue rings with and without partial inactivation of alpha-receptors by benextramine. alpha-Adrenoceptor sensitivity to norepinephrine increased, whereas receptor affinity decreased significantly in rats raised on high-fat diets. Qualitative features of dietary lipids influenced non-adrenoceptor-dependent aspects of vascular contractility. Diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (high- and low-fat corn oil) raised the maximum response to norepinephrine and the contractile response to 60 mM potassium compared with more-saturated diets (olive oil and lard). These results demonstrate an effect of chronic feeding of high dietary fat on alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated contractility of abdominal aortic rings from young Sprague-Dawley rats. Qualitative features of dietary lipids also appear to modify receptor-independent parameters of the contractile response of the arterial tissue rings in these animals.

The toxicity of Indigofera enneaphylla L. in rats

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
LR Murray ◽  
T Moore ◽  
IM Sharman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Microscopic Evidence ◽  
Nitropropionic Acid ◽  
Plant Chemical

The inclusion of 50% of dried Indigofera enneaphylla in the diet arrested the growth of young male albino rats, caused incoordination of their limbs, and was fatal to them. Microscopic evidence of liver cellular abnormality was consistently observed in rats fed on the plant. Chemical analysis of I. Enneaphylla indicated the presence of combined G-nitropropionic acid, paralleling the findings of other workers in respect of I. Spicata, which, in addition, produced liver lesions. Dried I. Enneaphylla contained about 12 p.p.m. of α-tocopherol. According to haemolysis tests, the poisoned rats were not deficient in vitamin E. The administration of liberal doses of α-tocopheryl acetate did not counteract the poisoning. In preliminary experiments, dosing with L-arginine appeared to be partially protective against poisoning by I. Enneaphylla. Autoclaving the dried plant, according to a single feeding trial, resulted in loss of toxicity.

scholarly journals Dietary vitamin E, brain redox status and expression of Alzheimer's disease-relevant genes in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Gaedicke ◽  
Xiangnan Zhang ◽  
Patricia Huebbe ◽  
Christine Boesch-Saadatmandi ◽  
Yijia Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Total Superoxide Dismutase

Oxidative stress is one of the major pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated whether dietary vitamin E (VE) depletion may induce adverse effects and supplementation with α-tocopherol (αT) may result in beneficial effects on redox status and the regulation of genes relevant in the pathogenesis of AD in healthy rats. Three groups of eight male rats each were fed diets with deficient ( < 1 mg αT equivalents/kg diet), marginal (9 mg αT equivalents/kg diet) or sufficient (18 mg αT equivalents/kg diet) concentrations of natural-source VE for 6 months; a fourth group was fed the VE-sufficient diet fortified with αT (total VE, 146 mg αT equivalents/kg diet). Feeding of the experimental diets dose dependently altered αT concentrations in the cortex and plasma. No significant changes in F2-isoprostane concentrations, activities of antioxidative enzymes (total superoxide dismutase, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase) and concentrations of glutathione or the expression of AD-relevant genes were observed. In this non-AD model, depletion of VE did not induce adverse effects and supplementation of αT did not induce positive effects on the parameters related to the progression of AD.

High-fat Diets Containing Soybean or Canola Oil Affect Differently Pancreas Function of Young Male Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (09) ◽  
pp. 652-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. da Costa ◽  
A. Carlos ◽  
A. de Sousa dos Santos ◽  
E. de Moura ◽  
C. Nascimento-Saba
Keyword(s):  
Canola Oil ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Pancreas Function ◽  
Fat Diets

Re-evaluation of the vitamin E requirements of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Shiau ◽  
L. F. Shiau
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Deposition

AbstractA 10-week feeding trial was conducted to re-evaluate the level of dietary vitamin E (DL- α-tocopheryl acetate) that was adequate for juvenile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus ✕ O. aureus given diets containing two dietary lipid concentrations. Purified diets with eight levels of vitamin E (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400 mg/kg diet) at either 50 or 120 g lipid per kg were each given to three replicate groups of tilapia (mean weight: 0·69 (s.e.0·02) g) reared in a closed, recirculating system. Food efficiency and protein deposition were significantly (P < 0·05) higher in fish given 50 mg vitamin E per kg diet and 75 mg/kg diet in the 50 and 120 g lipid per kg groups respectively, compared with fish given the unsupplemented control diet. Mortality of fish was not affected by dietary treatment. Weight gain and liver microsomal ascorbic acid-stimulated lipid peroxidation data analysed by broken-line regression indicated that the optimum dietary vitamin E requirements in juvenile tilapia are 42 to 44 mg vitamin E per kg and 60 to 66 mg vitamin E per kg in 50 and 120 g lipid per kg diets, respectively.

Moderate-carbohydrate low-fat versus low-carbohydrate high-fat meal replacements for weight loss

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillon S. Vander Wal ◽  
Michael I. Mcburney ◽  
Nancy Moellering ◽  
Jorene Marth ◽  
Nikhil V. Dhurandhar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Meal Replacements

scholarly journals Novel Dosing Strategies Increase Exposures of the Potent Antituberculosis Drug Rifapentine but Are Poorly Tolerated in Healthy Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3399-3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Dooley ◽  
Radojka M. Savic ◽  
Jeong-Gun Park ◽  
Yoninah Cramer ◽  
Richard Hafner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Antituberculosis Drug ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Fat Meal

ABSTRACTRifapentine is a potent antituberculosis drug currently in phase III trials. Bioavailability decreases with increasing dose, yet high daily exposures are likely needed to improve efficacy and shorten the tuberculosis treatment duration. Further, the limits of tolerability are poorly defined. The phase I multicenter trial in healthy adults described here investigated two strategies to increase rifapentine exposures: dividing the dose or giving the drug with a high-fat meal. In arm 1, rifapentine was administered at 10 mg/kg of body weight twice daily and 20 mg/kg once daily, each for 14 days, separated by a 28-day washout; the dosing sequence was randomized. In arm 2, 15 mg/kg rifapentine once daily was given with a high-fat versus a low-fat breakfast. Sampling for pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on days 1 and 14. Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. This trial was stopped early for poor tolerability and because of safety concerns. Of 44 subjects, 20 discontinued prematurely; 11 of these discontinued for protocol-defined toxicity (a grade 3 or higher adverse event or grade 2 or higher rifamycin hypersensitivity). Taking rifapentine with a high-fat meal increased the median steady-state area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 h (AUC0–24ss) by 31% (relative standard error, 6%) compared to that obtained when the drug was taken with a low-fat breakfast. Dividing the dose increased exposures substantially (e.g., 38% with 1,500 mg/day). AUC0–24sswas uniformly higher in our study than in recent tuberculosis treatment trials, in which toxicity was rare. In conclusion, two strategies to increase rifapentine exposures, dividing the dose or giving it with a high-fat breakfast, successfully increased exposures, but toxicity was common in healthy adults. The limits of tolerability in patients with tuberculosis remain to be defined. (AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5311 has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01574638.)

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