scholarly journals Long-chain polyene status of preterm infants with regard to the fatty acid composition of their diet: Comparison between absolute and relative fatty acid levels in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magritha M. H. P. Foreman-Van Drongelen ◽  
Adriana C. V. Houwelingen ◽  
Arnold D. M. Kester ◽  
André E. P. De Jong ◽  
Carlos E. Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Lower Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Erythrocyte Phospholipids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The long-chain polyene (LCP) status of thirty-nine premature infants (birth weight < 1800 g) was evaluated. Twenty-seven infants were fed on an artificial formula, twelve received their own mother's breast milk. Fatty acid compositions of both plasma and erythrocyte (RBC) phospholipids (PL) were determined in umbilical venous blood and in weekly postnatal blood samples until the 28th day of life. Individual fatty acid levels were expressed as absolute quantities (mg fatty acid/I plasma or RBC suspension) and as relative (mg/100 mg total fatty acids) values. The changes with time in the absolute values for 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6 in plasma were strikingly different from those of the relative values for these fatty acids. In plasma PL the inter-group differences in the absolute postnatal values for 22:6n-3 (P < 0·0005) and 20:4n-6 (P < 0·05) and the relative values for 22:6n-3 (P < 0·02) were significant, with lower fatty acid values in the formula-fed infants. In RBC PL, no significant inter-group differences in the postnatal 22: 6n-3 and 20: 4n-6 values were found. Based on the assumption that it is desirable for formula-fed infants to achieve postnatal plasma LCP values at least comparable with those found in infants fed on human milk, the findings of the present study indicate that both n-3 and n-6 LCP should be added to preterm infant formulas. Moreover, the additional importance of absolute fatty acid levels was demonstrated, although analytical procedures need to be standardized to enable effective comparison of results from different research groups.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Variability of Cured Vanilla Beans (Vanilla tahitensis and Vanilla planifolia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Brunschwig ◽  
François Xavier Collard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bianchini ◽  
Phila Raharivelomanana
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vanilla Planifolia ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

In order to establish a chemical fingerprint of vanilla diversity, thirty samples of V. planifolia J. W. Moore and V. tahitensis G. Jackson cured beans from seven producing countries were examined for their aroma and fatty acid contents. Both fatty acid and aroma compositions were found to vary between vanilla species and origins. Vanillin was found in higher amounts in V. planifolia (1.7-3.6% of dry matter) than in V. tahitensis (1.0-2.0%), and anisyl compounds were found in lower amounts in V. planifolia (0.05%) than in V. tahitensis (1.4%-2.1%). Ten common and long chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCFA) were identified and were found to be characteristic of the vanilla origin. LCFA derived from secondary metabolites have discriminating compositions as they reach 5.9% and 15.8% of total fatty acids, respectively in V. tahitensis and V. planifolia. This study highlights the role of the curing method as vanilla cured beans of two different species cultivated in the same country were found to have quite similar fatty acid compositions.

Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in liver and muscle tissues of Okinawan long-spine porcupinefish (Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus 1758)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Tashiro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain

Purpose This study aimed to analyze the lipid content and fatty acid composition in the liver and muscle of a porcupinefish species inhabiting waters around the Ryukyu Islands to investigate their potential as a source of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Design/methodology/approach Porcupinefish were collected along the Okinawa Island coast. The composition of fatty acids and cholesterol in both liver and muscle were analyzed using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. Findings The liver of Okinawan long-spine porcupinefish was rich in lipids whose content correlated to the proportion of liver/body weight. Fatty acid compositions in their liver and muscles were similar to each other. LC-PUFAs occupied 44% of total fatty acids, with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) being the dominant (42%), whereas eicosapentaenoic acid occupied 2.4%. The liver contained 1,690 mg of cholesterol and 14.8 g of DHA per 100 g, whose proportion decreased in summer compared to other seasons (p = 0.036). Originality/value The liver of Okinawan long-spine porcupinefish, which has not yet been commercially used although its non-toxicity is claimed, can be an excellent source of LC-PUFAs, especially DHA, accentuating its potential in food supplements’ production.

Alpha-Linolenic Acid Content of Commonly Available Nuts in Hangzhou

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Li ◽  
Ting Yao ◽  
Sirithon Siriamornpun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Pufa Intake ◽  
Pine Nut ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Pufa ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The total lipid content of eight species of nuts available in Hangzhou ranged from 49.5 g/100 g weight in Cannabis sativa to 75.4 g/100 g in walnut. The predominant content of lipid is triacylglycerol, ranging from 91.1% in Cannabis sativa to 98.4% in macadamia. There were two polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in all nuts analyzed; 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3. The content of 18:3n-3 ranging from 0.2% in almond to 15.2% in Cannabis sativa, 18:2n-6 ranged from 2.5% in macadamia to 61.6% in pine nut. The proportion of total PUFA in analyzed eight nut species ranging from 2.8% in macadamia to 71.7% in walnut (p < 0.001). Monounsaturated fatty acid composition ranged from 18.0% in Cannabis sativa to 82.6% in macadamia (p < 0.001). The proportion of saturated fatty acid ranged from 7.4% in filbert to 14.7% of total fatty acids in macadamia (p < 0.001). No C20 fatty acids were detected in any of the samples in the present study. The lipids content and fatty acid compositions in analyzed samples were varied between nut species. Cannabis sativa and walnut contained relatively high 18:3n-3, consumption of several these nuts each day can contribute to n-3 PUFA intake, especially for the vegetarian population.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding tuna oil or soyabean oil as supplements to sows in late pregnancy on piglet tissue composition and viability

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rooke ◽  
I. M. Bland ◽  
S. A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Tuna Oil ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Viability Score

To investigate whether long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could cross the porcine placenta in late pregnancy and alter neonatal piglet tissue composition, multiparous sows (seven per diet) were fed on diets containing a supplement (30 g/kg) of either soyabean oil or tuna oil for the last 21 d of pregnancy and the first 7 d of lactation. The proportions of all fatty acids, except 18:1n-7, differed between diets: in particular, the tuna-oil-containing diet supplied more 22:6n-3 and less 18:2n-6 fatty acids than the soyabean-oil-containing diet. The proportions of n-3 fatty acids, particularly 22:6n-3 (g/100 g total fatty acids) in sow plasma, colostrum and milk were increased and the proportion of 18:2n-6 was decreased by feeding tuna oil. Piglet tissue n-3 fatty acid proportions (particularly 22:6n-3), obtained shortly after birth, were increased in piglets born to tuna-oil-fed sows compared with progeny of soyabean-oil-fed sows. The increase in the proportion of n-3 fatty acids (g/100 g total fatty acids) in piglet tissues as a result of tuna-oil feeding, compared with soyabean-oil-feeding, was in the order plasma>liver>erythrocytes>spleen>brain>retina. Piglets born to tuna-oil-fed sows had a lower viability score at birth than the progeny of soyabean-oil-fed sows. The proportions of long-chain n-3 fatty acid in tissues of new-born piglets were increased by feeding tuna oil to the sow in late pregnancy; however no improvements in piglet viability were observed.

Long-Chain Monoethylenic and Other Fatty Acids in Heart, Liver, and Blubber Lipids of Two Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) and One Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus)

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
S. N. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acids of triglycerides in the hearts from two harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and one grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) differed quantitatively in some details from those in the blubber. The 22:1 found in the heart triglycerides was about half that in the blubber triglycerides. Isomer distributions differed within 20:1 acids in the two triglycerides for both species, the higher proportion of 20:1ω11 fatty acid deposited in the heart than in the blubber indicating more active chain shortening from 22:1. The fatty acids of phospholipids of all three hearts and livers also differed quantitatively in some fatty acid details indicating organ-specific compositions. These also differed from compositions of similar lipids in terrestrial animals in their generally marine fatty acid compositions which were established for the blubbers. The grey seal (age 3 mo) showed unusual percentages of linoleic types of acids in the organ lipids and also a curious enrichment in ω7 monoethylenic acids. Dietary factors are believed to be responsible for differences between this animal and the two harbor seals (ages 10 and 23 mo).

Fatty acids of Aceraceae seed oils

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Hopkins ◽  
A. W. Jevans ◽  
M. J. Chisholm
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
The Family ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Seed oils of 18 species of Aceraceae (maple family) were examined and their fatty acid compositions were determined. Those of all but one species had substantial amounts of C20, C22, and C24cis-monoenoic acids. Acer rubrum, typical of the group, had 7% eicosenoic, 13% docosenoic, and 4% tetracosenoic acid in the total fatty acids of its oil. The chief isomers, identified in the oil of A. saccharum, were cis-11-eicosenoic, cis-13-docosenoic, and cis-15-tetracosenoic acids. The oils of Dipteronia sinensis and Acer negundo were much like the other Acer oils in composition, but that of A. saccharinum was composed almost entirely of the ordinary C16 and C18 fatty acids. The results are discussed in relation to the taxonomy of the family.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Composition of Two Holothuroidea Species – Cucumaria japonica and C. okhotensis

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200
Author(s):  
Viatcheslav Rybin ◽  
Konstantin Pavel ◽  
Eugene Boltenkov ◽  
Anastasiya Karlina ◽  
Galina Timchishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Cucumaria Japonica ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acid compositions of the lipids of two holothurian species ( Cucumaria japonica and C. okhotensis) were investigated. High contents of 12-methyltetradecanoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (up to 17.7 % and 28.4% of total fatty acids, respectively) in the lipids of both species were revealed. Species specific differences in the content of 23:1 n-9 fatty acid in the lipids from viscera and body wall were found. In C. japonica, the viscera to body wall ratio was 0.07, while in C. okhotensis this ratio was 0.28. The fatty acid compositions of the lipids from both investigated holothurian species permit their use for the manufacturing of foodstuff, as well as for biologically active additives.

scholarly journals Comparison of lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of farmed and wild pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in Nha Trang, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-467
Author(s):  
Trinh Thi Thu Huong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Pacific Oysters ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of the farmed (F-C. gigas) and wild (W-C. gigas) pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, in Nha Trang, Vietnam were investigated for the first time. The results indicated that the lipid classes and fatty acid components of these oysters were insignificantly different. The total lipid of both studied oysters included six lipid classes, namely phospholipid (PL), sterol (ST), free fatty acid (FFA), triacylglycerol (TG), monoalkyldiacylglycerol (MADG), and hydrocarbon-wax (HW) in which TG and PL were dominated with the values of 48.4%, 41.8% for TG and 19.0%, 20.3% for PL in F-C. gigas and W-C. gigas, respectively. The fatty acids (FAs) content of F-C. gigas and W-C. gigas was similar. The saturated fatty acids (SFAs) content was 48.2% in total fatty acids (TFAs) of the F-C. gigas and 44.7% in TFAs of W-C. gigas, in which 16:0 was dominated in SFAs of both oysters with the value of 24.2% in F-C. gigas and 22.0% in W-C. gigas. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were 18.3%, 20.5% for MUFAs and 31.7%, 34.7% for PUFAs respectively in F-C. gigas and W-C. gigas. These MUFAs compositions contained 16:1n-7, 16:1n-5, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 20:1n-11, 20:1n-9 and 20:1n-7, among them fatty acids 16:1n-7 (7.2% in F-C. gigas, 6.3% in W-C. gigas) and 18:1n-7 (6.6% in F-C. gigas, 7.4% in W-C. gigas) were the main MUFAs. PUFAs in these two oysters consisted of long-chain n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, in which 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA) were dominated with the values of 12.7%, 13.9% for EPA in F-C. gigas and 6.5%, 6.0% for DHA in W-C. gigas.

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