scholarly journals Prediction equations for the estimation of body composition in the elderly using anthropometric data

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Ellen Van Den Heuvel ◽  
Paul Deurenberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
The Relationship

To study the relationship between health and nutritional status in elderly populations, information about body composition is essential. To collect this information in large epidemiological studies, practical methods based on anthropometric data must be available. In the present study the relationship between body composition, determined by densitometry, and anthropometric data in 204 elderly men and women, aged 60–87 years, was analysed. Existing prediction equations described in the literature, and mainly based on young and middle-aged subjects, generally underestimated percentage body fat in the elderly study population. Therefore, new prediction equations were developed, based on sex and the sum of two (biceps and triceps) or four (biceps, triceps, suprailiaca and subscapula) skinfolds or the body mass index (BMI). Addition of age or body circumferences to the models did not improve the prediction of body density. Internal cross validation and external validation revealed that the formulas are valid for the estimation of body density in elderly subjects. The standard errors of estimate of the three models, expressed as percentage body fat, were 5.6, 5.4 and 4.8% respectively.

scholarly journals Relationship between body composition and blood pressure in Bahraini adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneesa M. Al-Sendi ◽  
Prakash Shetty ◽  
Abdulrahman O. Musaiger ◽  
Mark Myatt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Childhood And Adolescent Obesity ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between body composition and blood pressure (BP) in Bahraini adolescents. A sample of 504 Bahraini schoolchildren aged 12–17 years (249 boys and 255 girls) was selected using a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure. BP measurements were performed on the students. Anthropometric data including weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and triceps, subscapular and medial calf skinfold thicknesses were also collected. BMI, percentage body fat, waist:hip (WHR), and subscapular:triceps skinfold ratio were calculated. Mean systolic BP and mean diastolic BP were higher in males than in females. Weight and height in boys and weight only in girls were significantly associated with systolic BP independent of age or percentage fat. Nearly 14% of the adolescents were classified as having high BP. BMI and percentage body fat were significantly and positively associated with the risk of having high BP in the boys and girls. Adolescents with high WHR or WC, as indicators for central obesity, tended to have higher BP values. The results from the present study indicate that obesity influences the BP of Bahraini adolescents and that simple anthropometric measurements such as WHR and WC are useful in identifying children at risk of developing high BP. These findings together with the known tracking of BP from adolescence into adulthood underline the importance of establishing intervention programmes in order to prevent the development of childhood and adolescent obesity.

Cross-Validation of Field-Based Assessments of Body Composition for Individuals with Down Syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip C. Usera ◽  
John T. Foley ◽  
Joonkoo Yun
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Root Mean Squared Error ◽  
Squared Error

The purpose of this study was to cross-validate skinfold and anthropometric measurements for individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Estimated body fat of 14 individuals with DS and 13 individuals without DS was compared between criterion measurement (BOP POD®) and three prediction equations. Correlations between criterion and field-based tests for non-DS group and DS groups ranged from .81 – .94 and .11 – .54, respectively. Root-Mean-Squared-Error was employed to examine the amount of error on the field-based measurements. A MANOVA indicated significant differences in accuracy between groups for Jackson’s equation and Lohman’s equation. Based on the results, efforts should now be directed toward developing new equations that can assess the body composition of individuals with DS in a clinically feasible way.

scholarly journals Ethnic differences in the relationship between body mass index and percentage body fat among Asian children from different backgrounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 1390-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailing Liu ◽  
Nuala M. Byrne ◽  
Masaharu Kagawa ◽  
Guansheng Ma ◽  
Bee Koon Poh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
The Relationship

Overweight and obesity in Asian children are increasing at an alarming rate; therefore a better understanding of the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat (%BF) in this population is important. A total of 1039 children aged 8–10 years, encompassing a wide BMI range, were recruited from China, Lebanon, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. Body composition was determined using the 2H dilution technique to quantify total body water and subsequently fat mass, fat-free mass and %BF. Ethnic differences in the BMI–%BF relationship were found; for example, %BF in Filipino boys was approximately 2 % lower than in their Thai and Malay counterparts. In contrast, Thai girls had approximately 2·0 % higher %BF values than in their Chinese, Lebanese, Filipino and Malay counterparts at a given BMI. However, the ethnic difference in the BMI–%BF relationship varied by BMI. Compared with Caucasian children of the same age, Asian children had 3–6 units lower BMI at a given %BF. Approximately one-third of the obese Asian children (%BF above 25 % for boys and above 30 % for girls) in the study were not identified using the WHO classification and more than half using the International Obesity Task Force classification. Use of the Chinese classification increased the sensitivity. Results confirmed the necessity to consider ethnic differences in body composition when developing BMI cut-points and other obesity criteria in Asian children.

scholarly journals Design and Validation of the Equation for Correction of Body Mass Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-411
Author(s):  
Abbas Farjad Pezeshk ◽  
◽  
Nader Nokhodchi ◽  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Saeed Ilbeigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Aims: The Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered one of the most common indexes for examining the health. The purpose of this study was the design and validation of the equations for the accuracy of BMI. Methods: In the current 419 athletic and non-athletic subjects participated in this study. Anthropometrical measurement was performed using International Standard for Anthropometry and Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol, and mesomorphic and endomorphic calculated based on the Heath-Carter methods. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between BMI and body fat percent, mesomorphic and endomorphic values. Multiple regressions were used to predict BMI. Results: There is a high correlation between BMI with mesomorphic and endomorphic values (P<0.01), but the correlation of BMI with mesomorphic in athletic men was higher than endomorphic (0.77 vs. 0.63). Multiple regression produces some equations for predicting mesomorphic and endomorphic, and bland Altman believes that all equations predict fatness. Conclusion: According to the results, the Equations proposed in this study could appropriately turn BMI to predict body composition so that this equation could determine higher BMI because of the higher muscular mass.

scholarly journals Differences in the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat between Japanese and Australian-Caucasian young men

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Kagawa ◽  
Deborah Kerr ◽  
Hayato Uchida ◽  
Colin W Binns
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
The Relationship

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine ethnic and environmental influences on the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat, using a sample of 144 Japanese and 140 Australian-Caucasian men living in Australia, and eighty-eight Japanese men living in Japan. Body composition was assessed by anthropometry using standard international methods (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol). Body density was predicted using Durnin and Womersley's (1974) equation, and percentage body fat was calculated from Siri's (1961) equation.Significant (P<0·05) ethnic differences in stature, body mass and BMI were observed between Japanese and Australian men, but no ethnic differences were observed in their percentage body fat and height-corrected sum of skinfold thicknesses. No differences were found in the BMI–percentage body fat relationship between the Japanese subjects living in Australia and in Japan. Significant (P<0·05) ethnic differences in the BMI–percentage body fat relationship observed from a comparison between pooled Japanese men(aged 18–40 years, BMI range 16·6–32·8kg/m2) andAustralians (aged 18–39 years, BMI range 16·1–31·4kg/m2) suggest that Japanese men are likely to havea greater percentage body fat than Australian men at any given BMI value.From the analyses, the Japanese men were estimated to have an equivalent amount of body fat to the Australian men at BMI values that were about 1·5 units lower than those of the Australians (23·5kg/m2 and 28·2kg/m2, respectively).It was concluded that Japanese men have greater body fat deposition than Australian-Caucasians at the same BMI value. Japanese men may therefore require lower BMI cut-off points to identify obese individuals compared with Australian-Caucasian men.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the relationship between body composition and weight-height index – BMI

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 572-580
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Banach ◽  
Paweł Glibowski ◽  
Paulina Skorek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: Body composition, especially the mass of adipose tissue, affects the risk of developing the metabolic and cardiovascular diseases as well as some cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the body composition of adults and their Body Mass Index. Material/Methods: The study involved 120 subjects (69 women and 51 men) aged 19 – 66 (30.55 ± 10.41). The recruited subjects were assigned to three subgroups: with normal body weight, overweight and obesity, depending on the BMI value. There were 40 subjects in each subgroup, including 23 women and 17 men. Besides the measurements of height and body mass, the SECA mBCA515 analyser was applied for the body composition analysis using the bioelectric impedance method. Results: A significant association was found between the BMI index and fat mass, lean mass and muscle mass, both in the whole group and after taking into account the sex. The correlation coefficient R range was from –0.88 to 0.97. The incidence of obesity in the studied group according to body fat content criteria (>25% for men and >30% for women) was 57%, while according to BMI criteria –33%. BMI cut-off points for obesity were 27.8, 26.4 and 26.4 kg/m2 for men, women and for all, respectively. Conclusions: In epidemiological studies, to identify obese people, body fat should also be taken into account in addition to BMI. If obesity is understood as excess fat, and not excess weight, the cut-off points for BMI-based obesity should be lowered.

scholarly journals The assessment of the body fat percentage by skinfold thickness measurements in childhood and young adolescence

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Deurenberg ◽  
John J. L. Pieters ◽  
Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Pubertal Boys

The relationship of skinfold thicknesses to body density and of skinfold thicknesses to densitometrically determined body fat was evaluated in a group of 378 boys and girls, aged 7–20 years. According to their maturation level, they were divided into a prepubertal, a pubertal and a post-pubertal group. In each maturation group boys were older, had higher body-weights and body heights, higher body densities, lower percentage body fat, higher waist:hips ratios and higher trunk:total skinfolds ratios than girls. Body density in each maturation level could be quite precisely predicted by skinfold thicknesses. In prepubertal and pubertal boys and girls but not in post-pubertal boys and girls, age was also an important predicting variable for body density. The assessment of percentage body fat from skinfold thicknesses had a prediction error of 3–5 %, which was highest in the prepubertal children. The prediction error is comparable to the prediction error of percentage body fat from skinfold thicknesses in adults, as reported in the literature. Only in post-pubertal boys and girls was the waist:hip ratio correlated with measures of body fatness. Moreover, only in the post-pubertal boys and in the pubertal and post-pubertal girls was the waist:hips ratio correlated with another measure of body fat distribution, the trunk:total skinfold ratio. The relative amount of internal body fat was found to be higher in the younger maturation groups. It is concluded that at younger ages the waist:hips ratio is a poor indicator of body fat distribution.

Body Composition by Three-Compartment Model and Relative Validity of Some Methods to Assess Percentage Body Fat in Mexican Healthy Elderly Subjects

Gerontology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo ◽  
Julián Esparza Romero ◽  
Nayeli Macías Morales ◽  
Gabriela Salazar ◽  
Manuel Hernández Triana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Three Compartment Model ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

scholarly journals The Body Composition of Women Undergoing ART, and Its Relationship with Sex Hormones and Biochemical Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Z ◽  
◽  
Jia X ◽  
Chen L ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Overweight Group ◽  
The Relationship

This study displays a retrospective cohort analysis in the Reproductive and Genetic Health Center of Peking University First Hospital. Data were collected from 411 women receiving ART. The body composition, sex hormones and biochemical indicators were assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Subjects were grouped by Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat Percentage (BFP), and differences of body composition among groups were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between sex hormones, biochemical indicators and body composition. Compared with the non-overweight group (BMI <24kg/m²), the lean body mass and fat mass of the overweight group (BMI ≥24kg/m²) increased significantly (P <0.001). Notably, 43.7% of non-overweight subjects have increased body fat as distinguished by PBF. The visceral adipose tissue increased by 50.9% in subjects with more fat. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), triglyceride, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and testosterone were positively correlated with trunk fat, while High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and estradiol were negatively correlated with trunk fat. Moreover, total cholesterol was positively correlated with Bone Mineral Content (BMC). Therefore, this research demonstrated significant differences in body composition between overweight and non-overweight women receiving ART. Combining PBF with BMI, obesity can be identified more accurately. Biochemical metabolism and sex hormones were related to body composition. Therefore, women receiving ART require detailed measurements of body composition, not BMI. Further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and body composition in women receiving ART treatment.

scholarly journals Validation of bioelectrical impedance for the prediction of fat-free mass in brazilian elderly subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1163-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano Ricardo Rech ◽  
Braian Alves Cordeiro ◽  
Edio Luiz Petroski ◽  
Francisco A. G. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validation Criteria ◽  
The Cross

Aging involves both nutritional and physiological changes, reducing fat-free mass (FFM) and increasing body fat, both of which are associated with physical weakness, unfitness and morbidity among the elderly. This study was undertaken to analyze the cross-validity of bioelectrical impedance equations for the prediction of fat-free mass (FFM) in elderly Brazilians. A cross-sectional population-based study, was performed in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2006. The study sample comprised 60 men and 120 women, aged 60 to 81. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) served as gold standard. Predicted %BF and FFM were obtained from various anthropometric equations and bioelectric impedance. The cross-validation criteria suggested by Lohman and Bland-Altman plots of differences against the mean were used. The body mass index of the sample ranged from 18.4 to 39.3 kg/m². Mean percent body fat was 23.1 ± 5.8% in men and 37.3 ± 6.9% in women (range: 6 to 51.4%). In men, the equations of Kyle et al. (2001), Dey et al. (2003) and Sun et al. (2003) did not differ significantly from the DEXA measurement, with a constant error (CE) of 0.7 to 2.5 kg. In contrast, among women only the equations of Kyle et al. (2001) and Dey et al. (2003) were found to be valid (CE: 0.3 to 2.7 kg). The bioelectrical impedance equations validated in this study can be used in the Brazilian elderly population.

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