scholarly journals The effects of sugar-beet fibre and wheat bran on iron and zinc absorption in rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
A. J. A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Synthetic Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Phytate Content

The addition of 1 g sugar-beet fibre (Beta Fibre) to 3 g semi-synthetic diet resulted in a 54% increase in iron and a 39% increase in zinc absorption in rats. The same amount of non-starch polysaccharides fed as wheat bran (1.9 g) had no effect on Fe absorption but reduced Zn absorption by 9%. The inhibitory effect of wheat bran is probably due to its high phytate content, but there is, as yet, no explanation for the enhancement of Fe and Zn absorption caused by Beta Fibre. If the effect also occurs in man, it will have important implications for high-fibre diets and mineral nutrition.

Iron and zinc absorption in human subjects from a mixed meal of extruded and nonextruded wheat bran and flour

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Fairweather-Tait ◽  
D E Portwood ◽  
L L Symss ◽  
J Eagles ◽  
M J Minski
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
Iron And Zinc

scholarly journals Reduction of the phytate content of bran by leavening in bread and its effect on zinc absorption in man

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nävert Barbro ◽  
Sandström Brittmarie ◽  
Cederblad ÅKE
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Phytic Acid Content ◽  
Phytate Content

1. The effect of leavening of bread containing bran on the phytic acid content and on zinc absorption in man was studied.2. Twenty breads with leavening times varying from 0 to 120 h were prepared. The breads contained 250 g wheat bran/kg flour. The phytic acid content was determined after baking.3. The phytic acid content of bread containing bran was reduced to about 40% after 2 h of leavening and to 15 % after 2 d. No further decrease was observed.4. Zn absorption from single meals was determined using a radioisotope technique. Forty-two students volunteered for these studies. They were served a breakfast of milk, butter, bread and 10, 16 or 30 g bran served either raw or baked into the bread with fermentation times of 15 min, 45 min, 3 h or 16 h. One meal contained no bran, but phytate and Zn were added in amounts equivalent to the content of 10 g bran.5. The amount and percentage of Zn absorbed increased at each bran level as fermentation was prolonged. The percentage of Zn absorbed was reduced by increased bran content in the meal.6. It is concluded that the fermentation of bread containing bran reduces the phytic acid content and increases Zn absorption from such bread. This may be of importance to people subjected to diets with a high cereal content, especially in combination with a low animal-protein intake.

The Effects of Increasing Intake of Intact Wheat Fibre or Wheat Bran on Gut Microbiota Diversity: a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie Jefferson ◽  
Katie Adolphus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Microbiota Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractThe influence on health of the human gut microbiota is increasingly recognised, however wheat fibre, consumed frequently in Western diets has traditionally been considered inert with regard to gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity. We undertook a systematic review (PRISMA methodology) of human intervention studies examining the effects of intact cereal fibres on gut microbiota composition among healthy adults.(1) Studies published in the past 20 years were identified on PubMed and Cochrane electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were: healthy adult participants, at least one intact cereal fibre (or its sub-fraction) and measurement of faecal microbiota related outcomes. Out of forty studies meeting inclusion criteria, seventeen manipulated wheat fibre/bran or its key constituent arabinoxylans (AXOS), and ten used a whole diet approach with predominantly wheat fibre. Results from these twenty seven wheat fibre papers are presented here. Eight studies provided wheat bran/fibre (ranging from 5.7g-21g/day wheat fibre or 13g-28g/day wheat bran). Three reported significant effects on gut microbiota abundance and/or diversity (both at phyla and species level) and one showed no effect. Six reported significant increases in fermentation metabolites and one reported no significant change. Ten studies manipulated whole day fibre intake (predominantly wheat but also permitting some oats, rye and rice). Wholegrain intake ranged from 80g-150 g per day and fibre from 13.7g–40 g per day. Six found significant increases in bacterial diversity and/or abundance and five showed significant increases in fermentation metabolites. Two identified that response to high fibre intervention is dependent on baseline gut microbiota richness - those with limited richness exhibiting greater microbiota change over time in response to fibre increase. Two reported no significant effects. Nine studies utilised manipulation of AXOS (2.2g–18.8 g per day) with five demonstrating significant increases in target bacterial species and six significant increases in fermentation metabolites. One reported no significant effect to faecal metabolites. This review supports a role for the wheat fibre found in everyday foods (such as bran breakfast cereal of high fibre breads) promoting both microbiota diversity and abundance. While the healthy microbiome is yet to be defined, consumption of a single daily serving of wheat bran fibre appears sufficient to effect gut microbiota fermentation (with demonstrable effects arising from as low as 6g/day), and promote species diversity, with potential benefit to health.However exploration of stability over longer time frames (> 12 weeks) is now required.

scholarly journals The effect of moderately increased intakes of complex carbohydrates (cereals, vegetables and fruit) for 12 weeks on iron and zinc metabolism

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela M. Manson ◽  
Patricia A. Judd ◽  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
John Eagles ◽  
Margret J. Minski
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Zn Nutrition ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Complex Carbohydrates ◽  
Zn Status

Fifteen adult women were given diets in which the intake of complex carbohydrates was increased from 20 to 30 g over a 12 week period. Metabolic balances were carried out, iron and zinc absorption tests performed using stable isotopes, and Fe and Zn status monitored. Although effects on bowel function were observed, the changed diet had no influence on any of the previously described variables. It was concluded that a moderate increase in cereals, fruit and vegetables did not have an adverse effect on Fe or Zn nutrition.

The utilization of plain sugar beet pulp and wheat straw by pregnant sows

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 29-29
Author(s):  
T. Yan ◽  
A. C. Longland ◽  
W. H. Close ◽  
C. E. Sharpe ◽  
H. D. Keal
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
High Level ◽  
Potential Use

There is a considerable current interest in the feeding of high fibre diets to pregnant sows, with a view to gaining both economic and welfare advantages. The potential use of these diets will depend on the extent to which the fibrous materials are fermened in the hindgut, and the subsequent capacity of the products of the fermentation, that is VFAs, to meet the energy needs of the animal. Sugar beet pulp and wheat straw are two ingredients that have considerable potential as feed ingredients for sows. The present experiment was designed to study the extent to which diets containing high level of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), largely from plain sugar beet pulp (SBP) or wheat straw (WS), influenced nutrient partition and the efficiency of ntrient utilisation in pregnant sows.

scholarly journals Calcium Application Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance in Sugar Beet and Promotes Plant Biomass and Beetroot Sucrose Concentration

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Abdollah Hosseini ◽  
Elise Réthoré ◽  
Sylvain Pluchon ◽  
Nusrat Ali ◽  
Bastien Billiot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Drought Stress Tolerance

Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of sugar beet to lose the final sugar yield under water limiting regime. Ample evidences have revealed the important role of mineral nutrition in increasing plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. Despite the vital role of calcium (Ca2+) in plant growth and development, as well as in stress responses as an intracellular messenger, its role in alleviating drought stress in sugar beet has been rarely addressed. Here, an attempt was undertaken to investigate whether, and to what extent, foliar application of Ca2+ confers drought stress tolerance in sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress. To achieve this goal, sugar beet plants, which were grown in a high throughput phenotyping platform, were sprayed with Ca2+ and submitted to drought stress. The results showed that foliar application of Ca2+ increased the level of magnesium and silicon in the leaves, promoted plant growth, height, and leaf coverage area as well as chlorophyll level. Ca2+, in turn, increased the carbohydrate levels in leaves under drought condition and regulated transcriptionally the genes involved in sucrose transport (BvSUC3 and BvTST3). Subsequently, Ca2+ enhanced the root biomass and simultaneously led to induction of root (BvSUC3 and BvTST1) sucrose transporters which eventually supported the loading of more sucrose into beetroot under drought stress. Metabolite analysis revealed that the beneficial effect of Ca2+ in tolerance to drought induced-oxidative stress is most likely mediated by higher glutathione pools, increased levels of free polyamine putrescine (Put), and lower levels of amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Taken together, this work demonstrates that foliar application of Ca2+ is a promising fertilization strategy to improve mineral nutrition efficiency, sugar metabolism, redox state, and thus, drought stress tolerance.

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