Fatty acid composition of tissue phospholipids of the foetal calf and neonatal lamb, deer calf and piglet as compared with the cow, sheep, deer and pig

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Brain Phospholipids ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Neonatal Lambs

1. The fatty acid compositions of muscle and brain phospholipids of foetal calves, neonatal lambs, deer calves and piglets, and mature cattle, sheep, deer and pigs were determined. The cattle, sheep and deer had previously grazed ryegrass–clover pastures, and the pigs had been given rations based on barley. Two steers and four sheep had been given protected polyunsaturated lipid-protein supplements.2. In muscle phospholipids the values for triene:tetraene were 1.5 for neonatal lambs and 0.3 for foetal calves. Levels of linoleic acid were low compared with those in older animals but levels of the fatty acids 22:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 were comparatively high. For arachidonic acid there was little difference between young and mature animals.3. In muscle phospholipids of neonatal piglets and deer calves values for triene:tetraene were low. The piglet also had a low value for 22:5ω3:22:6ω3 compared with those in deer, calves or lambs. This ratio showed a proportionately greater increase with maturity in the pig than in cattle and sheep. Whilst the neonatal deer had higher linoleic acid levels than the other young ruminants, the fatty acid composition of muscle phospholipids of mature deer was rather similar to that in other ruminants.4. Phospholipids of brain showed little difference in fatty acid composition between foetuses or neonates and the mature animals. There was higher 22:4ω6 content in the adult ruminant with even higher levels in sheep given protected polyunsaturated fat. Linoleic acid was barely evident in any animal. The 22:6ω3 content was as high in the foetal or neonatal ruminant brain as in the adult, and higher than in the piglet. The fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids of young deer was similar to that in other ruminants.5. In other tissue phospholipids in foetal or neonatal ruminants and piglets there were high levels of 22:6ω3 in liver and low levels in lung. The neonatal animals, in particular, had high palmitic acid levels in lung. Hearts of young ruminants contained high levels of 20:5ω3 and C16-aldehyde derived from plasmalogens. Piglet heart contained higher linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, possibly due to increased entry of linoleic acid across the placenta from the sow.

scholarly journals Evidence that adverse effects of zinc deficiency on essential fatty acid composition in rats are independent of food intake

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Cunnane
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Acid Ratio

1. Young male rats were fed on diets containing 3·4, 36 or 411 mg zinc/kg for 10 weeks in order to determine whether effects of Zn deficiency on plasma and liver essential fatty acid composition could be distinguished from those of reduced protein and energy intake.2. Fatty acid analysis revealed that a Zn intake of 3·4 mg/kg (plasma Zn 0·80 v. 1·97 mmol/l in controls fed on 36 mg Zn/kg) resulted in a significant increase in the linoleic acid: arachidonic acid ratio in both plasma and liver phospholipids in comparison with rats fed on 36 or 411 mg Zn/kg.3. Zn supplementation (411 mg/kg) decreased the linoleic acid: arachidonic acid ratio in plasma phosphatidylserine compared with that of the controls.4. The previously reported increase in arachidonic acid (mol %) in liver triacylglycerol of Zn-deficient rats was shown to be a function of a reduced liver triacylglycerol pool size; quantitatively, triacylglycerol content of arachidonic acid in the liver was not significantly affected by Zn intake.

scholarly journals Inflammatory response to dietary linoleic acid depends on FADS1 genotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A Lankinen ◽  
Alexander Fauland ◽  
Bun-ichi Shimizu ◽  
Jyrki Ågren ◽  
Craig E Wheelock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Limited Information

ABSTRACT Background The health benefits of substituting dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for saturated fatty acids are well known. However, limited information exists on how the response to dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n–6) is modified by polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster. Objectives The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the FADS1 rs174550 genotype modifies the effect of dietary LA intake on the fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, fasting glucose, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Methods Associations were investigated between genotype, plasma PUFAs, fasting glucose, and hsCRP concentrations in the cross-sectional, population-based Metabolic Syndrome in Men cohort (n = 1337). In addition, 62 healthy men from the cohort who were homozygotes for the TT or CC genotype of the FADS1 rs174550 were recruited to a 4-wk intervention (FADSDIET) with an LA-enriched diet. The fatty acid composition of plasma PUFAs and concentrations of plasma fasting glucose, serum hsCRP, and plasma lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related analogs) were measured at the beginning and end of the 4-wk intervention period. Results In the FADSDIET trial, the plasma LA proportion increased in both genotype groups in response to an LA-enriched diet. Responses in concentrations of serum hsCRP and plasma fasting glucose and the proportion of arachidonic acid (20:4n–6) in plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters differed between genotype groups (interaction of diet × genotype, P < 0.05). In TT homozygous subjects, plasma eicosanoid concentrations correlated with the arachidonic acid proportion in plasma and with hsCRP (r = 0.4–0.7, P < 0.05), whereas in the CC genotype there were no correlations. Conclusions Our findings show that the FADS1 genotype modifies metabolic responses to dietary LA. The emerging concept that personalized dietary counseling should be modified by the FADS1 genotype needs to be tested in larger randomized trials. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02543216.

FEATURES OF THE OIL-BEARING-CROP (CHARTHAMUS) CULTIVATION UNDER THE CONTRASTIVE EDAPHIC-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
S. К. Temirbekova ◽  
Yu. V. Afanaseva ◽  
I. M. Kulikov ◽  
G. V. Metlina ◽  
S. A. Vasilchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Rostov Region

The results of long-term studies of the biological, morphological and phenological features of the introduced new culture of safflower in the Central, Volga and North Caucasus regions are presented. Optimum parameters of depth of seeding (5-6 cm), seeding rates (300-350 thousand pieces/hectare or 12-14 kg), ensuring high productivity, oil content and quality of seeds are established. For the first time, the relationship between moisture availability of vegetation periods with accumulation of oil content and a change in the fatty acid composition was established. Oilseed (in untreated seeds) in the regions was from 14,5 to 31,2%, in excessively wet 2013 – 6,4% in the Moscow region and 8,6% in the Saratov region. Fatty acid composition revealed a high content of oleic acid in Krasa Stupinskaya variety – 13,6-16,8%, linoleic acid – 68,5-75,7%. The yield of oil in the Moscow region was 240 kg/ha. The yield of Krasa Stupinskaya in the Moscow Region was 0,6 t/ha, the Rostov Region 0,8 t/ha and Saratov Region 1,2 t/ha, with an average weight of 1000 seeds, respectively, by regions: 40,0 g, 47,3 g and 40,9 g. The growing season for growing seeds was 105 days in the Moscow Region, 94 days in the Rostov Region and 95 days in the Saratov Region. It has been established that excessive moistening during the flowering and seed filling period increases the harmfulness of enzyme-mycosis seed depletion (EMIS) – biological injury during maturation (enzymatic stage), followed by the seeding of the seeds with the phytopathogen Alternaria carthami Chowdhury. In the breeding programs for productivity and oil content, it is recommended to use the varieties Moldir (Kazakhstan) and Krasa Stupinskaya (FGBNU VSTISP), the fatty acid composition of which is characterized by an increased content of oleic and linoleic acid, which is of particular value for storage and use for food purposes.

Effect of slaughter season on fatty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid isomers and nutritional value of intramuscular fat in Barrosã-PDO veal

Meat Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M.M. Alfaia ◽  
Matilde L.F. Castro ◽  
Susana I.V. Martins ◽  
Ana P.V. Portugal ◽  
Susana P.A. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Intramuscular Fat

Effect of linseed feeding at similar linoleic acid levels on the fatty acid composition of double-muscled Belgian Blue young bulls

Meat Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Raes ◽  
L. Haak ◽  
A. Balcaen ◽  
E. Claeys ◽  
D. Demeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SERUM LIPIDS IN HYPER- AND HYPOTHYROIDISM

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Kirkeby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
High Linoleic Acid ◽  
Absolute Concentrations

ABSTRACT The fatty acid composition of cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides of the serum has been studied in groups of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid women and also in control material matched for age. In hyperthyroidism, a decrease in the proportions of linoleic acid and an increase in the proportions of some saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were observed. When absolute concentrations were considered, it appeared that the decrease in linoleic acid was almost equivalent to the entire decrease in total fatty acids in the serum of the hyperthyroid patients. In hypothyroidism no changes were noted in the proportions of linoleic, saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and the absolute concentrations reflected the general increase in serum lipids. It is believed that these findings may be explained by the changes in lipid turnover which are known to occur in disturbances of thyroid function. In hyperthyroidism, they lead to a linoleic acid deficiency, while a sparing effect must be operating in hypothyroidism. The finding of relatively high linoleic acid values combined with hyperlipaemia in hypothyroidism seems to be characteristic of the condition, since other types of hyperlipaemia are almost invariably combined with low percentages of linoleic acid. Results regarding arachidonic and eicosatrienoic acid are consistent with increased synthesis in hyperthyroidism, and decreased synthesis in hypothyroidism.

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