scholarly journals The effect of cortisone acetate on the course of development of experimental protein-energy malnutrition in rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Lunn ◽  
R. G. Whitehead ◽  
B. A. Baker ◽  
S. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Cortisone Acetate ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Protein Energy

1. The role of corticosteroids in determining which clinical features of protein-energy malnutrition develop on a deficient diet has been studied by the administration of cortisone acetate to experimentally malnourished rats fed ad lib. on a mixture containing 31 g protein/kg.2. Daily administration of 1.25 mg cortisone acetate did not affect dietary intake, which remained the same as in saline (9 g sodium chloride/l)-injected controls. Plasma albumin concentrations, however, increased from a low value of 25.7 g/1 to 47.2 g/l and this was accompanied by an increase both in liver weight and protein content. On the other hand, the protein content of muscle decreased.3. These changes in the protein contents of liver and muscle were associated with alterations in the corresponding free amino acid pools. The free amino acid content of muscle generally decreased, but in liver many amino acids were increased.

LIPID AND PROTEIN IN GERMINATING AND DEVELOPING FLAXSEED LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Huber ◽  
Saul Zalik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L

The metabolism of lipid and protein fractions in developing and germinating flaxseed was investigated. Fatty acid concentrations in the early-development stages of field- and greenhouse-grown plants showed similar increases, but the fatty acid composition of the mature seed appeared to be influenced by environment. The pattern of fatty acid interconversions during lipid synthesis suggested that more-unsaturated acids were formed from less-unsaturated ones. Studies at later stages of seed development indicated that the lipid was in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The relative proportions of each fatty acid during germination remained constant, suggesting that fatty acids were being broken down at a rate proportional to the amount originally present. During flaxseed development protein content increased steadily. Until 4 weeks after the plants had bloomed, the total content of each amino acid increased, but the free amino acid portion and amide nitrogen decreased. Subsequently all remained at a constant level. During germination the protein content and the proportions of the various amino acids of flaxseed remained constant but the free amino acid content rose. The radioisotope studies gave no clear indication of amino acid interconversions.

LIPID AND PROTEIN IN GERMINATING AND DEVELOPING FLAXSEED LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Huber ◽  
Saul Zalik
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L

The metabolism of lipid and protein fractions in developing and germinating flaxseed was investigated. Fatty acid concentrations in the early-development stages of field- and greenhouse-grown plants showed similar increases, but the fatty acid composition of the mature seed appeared to be influenced by environment. The pattern of fatty acid interconversions during lipid synthesis suggested that more-unsaturated acids were formed from less-unsaturated ones. Studies at later stages of seed development indicated that the lipid was in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The relative proportions of each fatty acid during germination remained constant, suggesting that fatty acids were being broken down at a rate proportional to the amount originally present. During flaxseed development protein content increased steadily. Until 4 weeks after the plants had bloomed, the total content of each amino acid increased, but the free amino acid portion and amide nitrogen decreased. Subsequently all remained at a constant level. During germination the protein content and the proportions of the various amino acids of flaxseed remained constant but the free amino acid content rose. The radioisotope studies gave no clear indication of amino acid interconversions.

PLASMA FREE AMINO ACID LEVELS DURING THE INITIAL REHABILITATION OF PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION WITH PROTRACTED DIARRHOEA USING A FREE AMINO ACID-GLUCOSE DIET

1978 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. LINDBLAD ◽  
RAZIA J. RAHIMTOOLA ◽  
S. SHAMIM AHMAD ◽  
K.HURSHID FANCY ◽  
LILY SINGHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Amino Acid Levels

Amino acid and dipeptide absorption in rats fed chemically defined diets of differing fiber composition

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1097-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh James Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Peptide Transport ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Protein Energy

In rats chronically fed a fiber-free diet or one of the three nutritionally equivalent fiber-containing diets, in vivo jejunal absorption of L-leucine from a free amino acid mixture of L-leucine and glycine as well as equimolar solutions of the dipeptides, L-leucyl-glycine and glycyl-L-leucine, were compared. In addition, total and brush border amino peptidase activities for the two dipeptide substrates were examined in small bowel segments. With two of three fiber diet groups, absorption of L-leucine from the free amino acid solution was reduced without a detectable change in peptide transport or aminopeptidase activities. This investigation provides evidence that peptide transport mechanisms are relatively spared with long-term feeding of fiber-containing diets similar to observations recorded in disease states associated with protein-energy malnutrition.

Evaluation of seed amino acid content and its correlation network analysis in wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Awatsaya Chotekajorn ◽  
Takuyu Hashiguchi ◽  
Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽  
Hidenori Tanaka ◽  
Ryo Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content

AbstractWild soybean (Glycine soja) is a valuable genetic resource for soybean improvement. Seed composition profiles provide beneficial information for the effective conservation and utilization of wild soybeans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variation in free amino acid abundance in the seeds of wild soybean germplasm collected in Japan. The free amino acid content in the seeds from 316 accessions of wild soybean ranged from 0.965 to 5.987 mg/g seed dry weight (DW), representing a 6.2-fold difference. Three amino acids had the highest coefficient of variation (CV): asparagine (1.15), histidine (0.95) and glutamine (0.94). Arginine (0.775 mg/g DW) was the predominant amino acid in wild soybean seeds, whereas the least abundant seed amino acid was glutamine (0.008 mg/g DW). A correlation network revealed significant positive relationships among most amino acids. Wild soybean seeds from different regions of origin had significantly different levels of several amino acids. In addition, a significant correlation between latitude and longitude of the collection sites and the total free amino acid content of seeds was observed. Our study reports diverse phenotypic data on the free amino acid content in seeds of wild soybean resources collected from throughout Japan. This information will be useful in conservation programmes for Japanese wild soybean and for the selection of accessions with favourable characteristics in future legume crop improvement efforts.

scholarly journals Free amino acid content in muscle tissue of bighead carp and wels catfish

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pyz-Łukasik ◽  
Maria Szpetnar ◽  
Waldemar Paszkiewicz ◽  
Marcin R. Tatara ◽  
Adam Brodzki
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content ◽  
Natural Diet

The present research was aimed at a comparative analysis of free amino acid (FAA) levels in the muscle tissue of herbivorous and predatory fish. The FAA concentration in the muscle tissue samples from bighead carp and wels catfish was determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The bighead carp muscle tissue, as compared to that of wels catfish, showed significantly higher concentrations of arginine, histidine, methionine, phenyloalanine, alanine, asparagine, serine, glycine, and taurine, but significantly lower levels of isoleucine, leucine, threonine, valine, glutamine, cystationine, β-alanine, ethanoloamine, as well as aspartic, glutamic, cysteic, α- and γ-aminobutyric acids. The muscle tissues of bighead carp and wels catfish did not differ significantly in the levels of cystine, lysine, tryptophan, tyrosine, α-aminoadipic acid, cytrulline, ornithine and 1-methyl-histidine. Proline was detected only in the wels catfish muscle. The results obtained have shown differences in free amino acid concentration in muscle tissue of examined fish. A differentiated natural diet induces changes in free amino acid content in fish tissues. Knowledge of levels of free amino acids which are precursors for biogenic amines facilitates setting the safety criteria for fish and fishery products from species other than those mentioned in the Commission Regulation No 2073/2005

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