scholarly journals The extent of release of encapsulated methionine in the intestine of cattle

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S Neudoerffer ◽  
D. B Duncan ◽  
F. D Horney
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Proximal Duodenum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Site Of Absorption

1. Factors affecting the release of methionine from kaolin-saturated-fat capsules in the intestine of cattle were investigated. Bile and pancreatin were shown to be necessary for appreciable solution of the capsule.2. The relationship between site of release and site of absorption was ascertained. One site was shown to be in the proximal duodenum the second longer site is in the distal duodenum and proximal jejunum. Encapsulated methionine was carried past the first absorption site.3. The results of in vitro incubations confirmed by those of in vivo studies show that 60–65% of the methionine becomes available for absorption in the intestine.

In vitro and in vivo studies of factors affecting digestion of feeds in synthetic fiber bags1

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trabalzs Marinucci ◽  
B. A. Dehority ◽  
S. C. Loerch
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Blueberry Supplementation in Neuronal Health and Protective Technologies for Efficient Delivery of Blueberry Anthocyanins

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Phuong H.L. Tran ◽  
Thao T.D. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Blueberry Supplementation ◽  
Decision Making Factors

Blueberries are consumed as healthy fruits that provide a variety of benefits to the nervous system. Scientists have found that blueberries can be used as a daily edible source for supplementation to prevent and minimize complexities of age-related diseases as well as to improve learning and memory in children. Anthocyanins are the most mentioned compounds among the components in blueberries, as they play a major role in providing the health benefits of this fruit. However, while they are highly active in impeding biological impairment in neuronal functions, they have poor bioavailability. This review focuses on neurological investigations of blueberries from in vitro cell studies to in vivo studies, including animal and human studies, with respect to their positive outcomes of neuroprotection and intervention in neurodegenerative conditions. Readers will also find information on the bioavailability of anthocyanins and the considerable factors affecting them so that they can make informed decisions regarding the daily consumption of blueberries. In this context, the ways in which blueberries or blueberry supplementation forms are consumed and which of these forms is best for maximizing the health benefits of blueberries should be considered important decision-making factors in the consumption of blueberries; all of these aspects are covered in this review. Finally, we discuss recent technologies that have been employed to improve the bioavailability of blueberry anthocyanins in the development of effective delivery vehicles supporting brain health.

Measurement of resistance to flow across antroduodenal area during fasting

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (6) ◽  
pp. G773-G780 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mearin ◽  
F. Azpiroz ◽  
J. R. Malagelada
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Activity Phase ◽  
The Relationship

Changes in antroduodenal resistance to flow may participate in the regulation of gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux. Little is known, however, about the relationship between antroduodenal resistance and the physiological patterns of contractile activity in this area. We have developed an instrument that maintains an electronically regulated constant-pressure gradient of 2 mmHg across both ends of a flaccid cylinder positioned fluoroscopically across the pylorus. Because resistance bears a constant inverse relationship to flow at a fixed pressure gradient, changes in the recorded rate of airflow through the cylinder are a measure of antroduodenal resistance. In vitro studies showed that, under these conditions, airflow was a function of the diameter and length of the air path and the frequency and duration of external pressure waves greater than 2 mmHg. In vivo studies in four dogs examined the relationship between interdigestive phases of motor activity and variations in resistance exerted by the antroduodenal area. We found that flow rates varied markedly with each phase. Antroduodenal resistance was lowest during motor quiescence (phase I), rose gradually during irregular activity (phase II), and reached its peak during maximal contractile activity (phase III) (P less than 0.05). Resistance was similar for antegrade and retrograde flow. Additional studies suggested that the pyloric area contributes mostly to resistance during phase I, whereas duodenal resistance at least matches that of the pylorus during phase III.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Thermodilution Cardiac Output Measurement Using the Swan-Ganz Catheter

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Runciman ◽  
A. H. Ilsley ◽  
J. G. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cardiac Output Measurement ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Output Measurement ◽  
Thermodilution Cardiac Output ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting

Errors in thermodilution cardiac output measurement were quantitated to determine the order of accuracy of routine measurements performed by unskilled personnel. In vitro and in vivo studies were undertaken to examine factors affecting the volume and temperature of the injectate, catheter thermistor and computer performance, effect of respiration, use of cold (0-4 °C) versus ambient temperature (20-25 °C) injectate, and the interpretation of measurements. Ambient temperature injectate incurred unacceptably large errors; cold injectate (injections were timed with respiration) produced variations in performance by equipment and personnel which accounted for only 2% of the variation between successive measurements. Real changes in cardiac output and inherent variability of the downslope of the thermal curve, necessitating an empirically based calculation, account for up to 10% variation between successive measurements. When cold injectate was used, and the average of three corrected measurements taken, thermodilution cardiac output measurements were within 10% of a simultaneous dye dilution measurement.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

In vitro and in vivo studies of new cationic Zn(II)‐benzonaphthoporphyrazines as photosensitizers for PDT

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
M. Peeva ◽  
M. Shopova ◽  
U. Michelsen ◽  
D. Wöhrle ◽  
G. Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies

Effect of caffeine on theophyliine on cerebral blood flow response to brain activation: In vitro and in vivo studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S198-S198
Author(s):  
Joseph R Meno ◽  
Thien-son K Nguyen ◽  
Elise M Jensen ◽  
G Alexander West ◽  
Leonid Groysman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Effects of Unfractionated and Low Molecular Weight Heparins on Platelet Thromboxane Biosynthesis “In Vivo”

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 942-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Landolfi ◽  
Erica De Candia ◽  
Bianca Rocca ◽  
Giovanni Ciabattoni ◽  
Armando Antinori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heparin Administration ◽  
To Receive

SummarySeveral “in vitro” and “in vivo” studies indicate that heparin administration may affect platelet function. In this study we investigated the effects of prophylactic heparin on thromboxane (Tx)A2 biosynthesis “in vivo”, as assessed by the urinary excretion of major enzymatic metabolites 11-dehydro-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-TxB2. Twenty-four patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy because of uncomplicated lithiasis were randomly assigned to receive placebo, unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin or unfractionaed heparin plus 100 mg aspirin. Measurements of daily excretion of Tx metabolites were performed before and during the treatment. In the groups assigned to placebo and to low molecular weight heparin there was no statistically significant modification of Tx metabolite excretion while patients receiving unfractionated heparin had a significant increase of both metabolites (11-dehydro-TxB2: 3844 ± 1388 vs 2092 ±777, p <0.05; 2,3-dinor-TxB2: 2737 ± 808 vs 1535 ± 771 pg/mg creatinine, p <0.05). In patients randomized to receive low-dose aspirin plus unfractionated heparin the excretion of the two metabolites was largely suppressed thus suggesting that platelets are the primary source of enhanced thromboxane biosynthesis associated with heparin administration. These data indicate that unfractionated heparin causes platelet activation “in vivo” and suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparin may avoid this complication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document