Effect of host quality of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on performance of the egg parasitoid Uscana lariophaga (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Spitzen ◽  
A. van Huis
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cowpea Seeds ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Storage Pest

AbstractDevelopment and reproductive success of the solitary egg parasitoid Uscana lariophaga Steffan were examined after development in eggs of the bruchid storage pest Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius reared at either low or high densities on cowpea seeds and laid at day 1 and 4 of maternal life. Both bruchid larval competition and maternal age negatively affected egg size, but the latter more than the former. Uscana lariophaga reared in small hosts developed slower, were smaller and produced fewer eggs compared to parasitoids reared in large hosts. Fecundity of the parasitoid was heavily influenced by host egg size. This was reflected in the values for the intrinsic rate of increase of U. lariophaga, which differed for wasps that developed in host eggs laid by bruchid females of different age. Wasps allocated marginally more female offspring to larger hosts.

scholarly journals KESESUAIAN TELUR KEPIK KEDELAI UNTUK PEMBIAKAN MASSAL Anastatus dasyni FERR. (HYMENOPTERA: EUPELMIDAE), PARASITOID TELUR KEPIK LADA

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
IWA .M. TRISAWA ◽  
A. RAUF ◽  
U. KARTOSUWONDO ◽  
N. MARYANA ◽  
A. NURMANSYAH
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Nezara Viridula ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Immature Development ◽  
Rate Of Increase

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Anastatus dasyni Ferr. adalah parasitoid telur kepik lada, Dasynuspiperis China. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji kesesuaian telur kepikkedelai Riptortus linearis dan Nezara viridula sebagai inang untukpembiakan massal parasitoid A. dasyni. Imago parasitoid A. dasyni yangberasal dari lapangan dipelihara secara terpisah pada telur dari kedua jeniskepik kedelai. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap biologi A. dasyni yangmeliputi masa perkembangan pradewasa dan berbagai parameter kehi-dupan imago betina. Selain itu, dilakukan analisis neraca hayati denganmenggabungkan data perkembangan dan sintasan pradewasa, masa hidupimago dan reproduksi, serta nisbah kelamin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa masa perkembangan larva dan pupa A dasyni pada telur N. viridulalebih singkat serta laju peneluran lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada telur R.linearis. Imago betina A. dasyni yang keluar dari telur N. viridula hanya1,81%, sedangkan dari telur R. linearis sebanyak 70,20%. Oleh karena itu,parameter neraca hayati hanya dapat dihitung dari parasitoid yangdipelihara pada telur R. linearis. Laju pertambahan intrinsik parasitoidadalah (r) 0,1870, masa generasi (T) 27,51 hari, reproduksi bersih (Ro)84,29, laju pertambahan terbatas (λ) 1,21, dan nilai reproduksi (RVx)402,51. Proporsi persebaran usia stabil (px) adalah 17,06% telur, 50,41%larva, 26,53% pupa, dan 6,02% imago. Telur kepik kedelai R. linearisdapat digunakan untuk pembiakan massal A. dasyni.</p><p>Kata kunci : Anastatus dasyni, Dasynus piperis, Riptortus linearis,Nezara viridula, parasitoid, pembiakan massal</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Suitability of soybean bug eggs for mass rearing ofAnastatus dasyni Ferr. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), anegg parasitoid of pepper bug</p><p>Anastatus dasyni Ferr. is an important egg parasitoid of pepper bug,Dasynus piperis China. Research was conducted with the objectives tostudy the suitability of eggs of soybean bugs Riptortus linearis and Nezaraviridula for mass rearing of A. dasyni. Adults of A. dasyni collected fromthe field were inoculated separately on eggs of two species of soybeanbugs. Biological parameters such as immature development and adultlongevity were observed daily. Lifetable parameters were calculated on thebasis of development and survival of immature, reproduction, and sexratio. Our studies revealed that parasitoid developing on Nezara viridulaeggs had shorter larval and pupal development and higher in ovipositionrate than those on Riptortus linearis eggs. However, parasitoids emergedfrom N. viridula eggs only 1.81% were females, while from R. lineariseggs were 70.20%. Therefore, lifetable parameters can only be generatedfrom parasitoid reared on R. linearis eggs. The intrinsic rate of increase (r)mean generation time (T) 0.1870, 27.51 days, 84.29, 1.21, and 402.51respectively net reproductive rate (Ro), finite rate of increase (λ), andreproductive value (RVx). The stable stage distribution (px) were 17,06%eggs, 50,41% larvae, 26,53% pupae, and 6,02% adults. Eggs of soybeanbug R. linearis can be used for mass rearing of parasitoid A. dasyni.</p><p>Key words : Anastatus dasyni, Dasynus piperis, Riptortus linearis,Nezara viridula, parasitoid, mass rearing</p>

Reproductive potential in the parasitoid Eupelmus orientalis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Doury ◽  
D. Rojas-Rousse
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Offspring Production ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Age Dependent

AbstractEupelmus orientalis (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) is a solitary ectoparasitoid of the larvae and pupae of West African bruchids. Since the biology of this species was unknown, studies were carried out on its reproductive biology. The age-dependent fecundity and offspring production of virgin and mated females of E. orientalis were determined under laboratory conditions at 33°C:23°C, 50%:80% r.h., L:D 12:12 on its host Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) during the first 15 days of the life cycle. No differences were found between virgin and mated females for any parameter. A study of the age-dependent fecundity and offspring production was also carried out under the same conditions over the entire life cycle of mated females. The resulting data were used to determine the longevity and reproductive potential of the species, particularly through the calculated life tables and estimation of the intrinsic rate of increase. With ten hosts per female per day, E. orientalis females had a mean longevity of 45.75±5.09 days. They laid an average of 219.91±39.08 eggs, parasitized 154.27±26.17 hosts, and produced 166.77±9.41 offspring, consisting of 80.46±14.10 males and 86.31±10.04 females. The total mean developmental time was 18.58±0.22 days for males and 20.03±0.21 days for females. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 62.33 female progeny per adult female, and the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) was 0.1389 per day. The generation time (G) was 29.76 days and the doubling time (DT) 4.99 days. These results constitute the first step to determine the potential of E. orientalis as an agent for the biological control of bruchidae, especially C. maculatus.

scholarly journals Biology and life table of Trichogramma chilotraeae, Egg parasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
L Sari ◽  
N Maryana ◽  
P Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproduction

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda is a species of armyworm that attacks maize crops globally and is a dangerous new invasive pest in Indonesia. Biological control, which employs natural enemies, is one method of controlling this pest. One of the natural enemies found in the field is the egg parasitoid of the Trichogrammatidae family. This study aimed to determine the reproductive capacity of the parasitoid on S. frugiperda eggs. The tested parasitoids were collected from S. frugiperda eggs on corn cultivations in Tenjolaya Village, Bogor Regency, West Java Province. The identification results showed that the parasitoid species used in this study was Trichogramma chilotraeae. The development periods of eggs, first instar larvae, second instar larvae, and pupae in the laboratory were 1.16 days, 1.18 days, 1.39 days, and 3.28 days, respectively. The reproductive capacity of T. chilotraeae on S. frugiperda eggs, referred to as the net reproduction rate (Ro), was 28.13, gross reproduction rate (GRR) was 30.43. the average time for one generation (T) was 9.07. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 5.54, and Doubling time (DT) was 1.88. Thus, the egg parasitoid of T. chilotraeae was not very effective as a potential biological agent for S. frugiperda.

scholarly journals Life History Evaluation of Ooencyrtus lucidus, a Newly Described Egg Parasitoid of Bagrada hilaris

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽  
Thomas M. Perring
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference

Ooencyrtus lucidus Triapitsyn & Ganjisaffar (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was recently recovered from fresh sentinel eggs of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in California. In the present study, life history traits of O. lucidus were studied at 26 ± 0 . 5 ∘ C, 40 ± 10 % RH, and a photoperiod of 14 L: 10 D hours. Results showed that 95.2% of the parasitized eggs yielded successful emergence of adults. The total immature developmental time was 14.27 and 13.95 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of O. lucidus was 0.5 (females/offspring). Mated females laid on average 6.0 eggs per day and 222.7 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 37.3 days. There was no significant difference in reproduction parameters between mated and non-mated females. The net reproductive rate ( R 0 ) was 103.8 females/female/generation, the intrinsic rate of increase ( r m ) was 0.171 females/female/day, the finite rate of increase ( λ ) was 1.187 population multiplication/day, the mean generation time (T) was 27.1 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 4.0 days. The highest longevity was observed in mated and non-mated females fed with honey, and they lived for 70.8 and 70.1 days, respectively. Providing females with host eggs in addition to honey, reduced their longevity by 24% in mated and 28% in non-mated individuals. Non-mated females and males deprived of honey only lived for 3.5 and 2.5 days after emergence, respectively. Our results indicate that O. lucidus has sufficient life history traits to make it a promising egg parasitoid for the biological control of B. hilaris.

SURVIVAL AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FECUNDITY AND LONGEVITY IN MYZUS PERSICAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-254
Author(s):  
R. K. Jansson ◽  
Z. Smilowitz
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Relationship

In a previous report (Jansson and Smilowitz 1985), several life statistics of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were compared on upper and lower leaves of three potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum tuberosum cvs. Katahdin, Norchip, and Superior). In general, life statistics were similar (p > 0.05) between cultivars. However, certain life statistics (fecundity and intrinsic rate of increase) consistently were greater (p < 0.05) on lower leaves than on upper leaves of each cultivar. In the previous study, we did not include data on age-specific survival or the relationship between fecundity and longevity to support the premise that the population dynamics of M. persicae on potato are related to the physiological age of leaves (i.e. nutritional quality of leaves) (see Jansson and Smilowitz 1985). This information would be useful for developing a model describing the population dynamics of M. persicae. For this reason, we present here data on age-specific survival and the relationship between fecundity and longevity of M. persicae on upper and lower leaves of three Dotato cultivars.

Influence of temperature on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachninae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yingchao Ji ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Chenggang Zhou ◽  
Shuyan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Development Duration

Abstract Temperature is one of the main factors affecting insect growth, development and reproduction. The effects of temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C) on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri Mimeur (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachnidae) fed on Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don were evaluated in this study. With the increase of temperature from 10 to 30°C, the development duration at different development stages gradually shortened. There was a significant positive correlation between the developmental rates and temperature, following a quadratic regression model. The lower developmental threshold temperature (C) and effective accumulated temperatures (K) for completing a generation were 4.13°C and 263.4 degree-days, respectively. The highest fecundity was observed at 20°C with 25.74 first-instar nymphs/female. Both the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r, 0.11 ± 0.03) and net reproduction rate (R0, 19.06 ± 2.05) were observed at 20°C, whereas the lowest values of r (0.05 ± 0.01) at 10°C and R0 (5.78 ± 0.88) at 30°C were observed. The results suggest that temperature significantly affects the biology of C. cedri and the optimal temperature for its development is 20°C.

Ambient Humidity Affects Development, Survival, and Reproduction of the Invasive Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limei He ◽  
Shengyuan Zhao ◽  
Abid Ali ◽  
Shishuai Ge ◽  
Kongming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Ambient Humidity ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Forecasting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Net Reproduction

Abstract Ambient humidity can directly affect the water balance in insects. The migratory fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, has spread to more than 60 countries and regions in Africa, Asia, and Oceania that have a great difference in average ambient humidity. Understanding the effects of ambient humidity changes on its development, survival, and reproduction can help to predict its population dynamics in different habitats. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of atmospheric relative humidity (RH) on the development, survival, and reproduction and soil moisture on the pupation and emergence of fall armyworm. As a result, survival and pupal mass increased significantly with increasing RH. Among the five RHs tested, 80% RH was the most suitable for fall armyworm with the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R0). The population growth at the different RHs in decreasing order was 80 &gt; 100 &gt; 60 &gt; 40 &gt; 20%. A relative moisture (RM) of soil from 6.80 to 47.59% was suitable for fall armyworm pupation, survival, and eclosion, but fall armyworm could not pupate normally in soil with 88.39 and 95.19% RM. The survival and emergence rate of fall armyworm pupae were reduced by irrigation that increased the RM after the mature larvae entered the soil. These findings may be helpful for refining laboratory rearing protocols, population forecasting, and management of fall armyworm.

scholarly journals Repeated stress exposure results in a survival–reproduction trade-off in Drosophila melanogaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 277 (1683) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie E. Marshall ◽  
Brent J. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Repeated Stress ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Future Reproduction

While insect cold tolerance has been well studied, the vast majority of work has focused on the effects of a single cold exposure. However, many abiotic environmental stresses, including temperature, fluctuate within an organism's lifespan. Given that organisms may trade-off survival at the cost of future reproduction, we investigated the effects of multiple cold exposures on survival and fertility in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster . We found that multiple cold exposures significantly decreased mortality compared with the same length of exposure in a single sustained bout, but significantly decreased fecundity (as measured by r , the intrinsic rate of increase) as well, owing to a shift in sex ratio. This change was reflected in a long-term decrease in glycogen stores in multiply exposed flies, while a brief effect on triglyceride stores was observed, suggesting flies are reallocating energy stores. Given that many environments are not static, this trade-off indicates that investigating the effects of repeated stress exposure is important for understanding and predicting physiological responses in the wild.

scholarly journals Life history of Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with castor bean (Ricinus communisL.) pollen in laboratory conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
PP Marafeli ◽  
PR Reis ◽  
EC. da Silveira ◽  
GC Souza-Pimentel ◽  
MA. de Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
History Of

The predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the principal natural enemies of tetranychid mites in several countries, promoting efficient control of those mites in several food and ornamental crops. Pest attacks such as that of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticaeKoch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the problems faced by farmers, especially in the greenhouse, due to the difficulty of its control with the use of chemicals because of the development of fast resistance making it hard to control it. The objective of this work was to study the life history of the predatory mite N. californicus as a contribution to its mass laboratory rearing, having castor bean plant [Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae)] pollen as food, for its subsequent use as a natural enemy of T. urticae on a cultivation of greenhouse rosebushes. The studies were carried out in the laboratory, at 25 ± 2°C of temperature, 70 ± 10% RH and a 14 hour photophase. The biological aspects and the fertility life table were appraised. Longevity of 32.9 days was verified for adult females and 40.4 days for males. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.2 and the mean generation time (T) was 17.2 days. The population doubled every 4.1 days. The results obtained were similar to those in which the predatory mite N. californicus fed on T. urticae.

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