scholarly journals Response of female Cydia molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to plant derived volatiles

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Natale ◽  
L. Mattiacci ◽  
A. Hern ◽  
E. Pasqualini ◽  
S. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Cydia Molesta ◽  
Bioactive Fraction ◽  
A Chain

AbstractPeach shoot volatiles were attractive to mated female oriental fruit moth, Cydia molesta (Busck), in a dual choice arena. No preference was observed between leaf odours from the principle host plant, peach, and the secondary host plant, apple. Twenty-two compounds were identified in headspace volatiles of peach shoots using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Green leaf volatiles accounted for more than 50% of the total emitted volatiles. A bioassay-assisted fractionation using different sorbent polymers indicated an attractant effect of compounds with a chain length of 6–8 carbon atoms. The major compounds of this fraction were tested either singly or in combinations for behavioural response of females. Significant bioactivity was found for a three-component mixture of (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and benzaldehyde in a 4:1:1 ratio. This synthetic mixture elicited a similar attractant effect as the full natural blend from peach shoots as well as the bioactive fraction.

Identifi cation of Volatile Compounds Emitted by Artemisia ordosica (Artemisia, Asteraceae) and Changes due to Mechanical Damage and Weevil Infestation

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Dayong Zhou ◽  
Youqing Luo ◽  
Jinlin Wang ◽  
Shixiang Zong
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dynamic Headspace ◽  
Artemisia Ordosica ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Weevil Infestation

Volatiles emitted by healthy, mechanically damaged, and weevil-infested Artemisia ordosica (Asteraceae) were obtained through a dynamic headspace method and analysed by automatic thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ATD/GC/MS). Twenty-eight compounds in all were identified, and the qualitative as well as quantitative differences were compared. The green leaf volatiles 2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, 2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol acetate were present in all of the damaged plants, but in relatively lower portions when plants were infested by the weevil Adosopius sp., while the terpenoids α-copaene, β-cedrene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene and the ester methyl salicylate were only present in weevildamaged plants. The volatiles from healthy and weevil-infested leaves were dominated by D-limonene, whereas mechanically damaged leaves emitted β-pinene as the dominant compound

scholarly journals Feeding-induced rearrangement of green leaf volatiles reduces moth oviposition

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Allmann ◽  
Anna Späthe ◽  
Sonja Bisch-Knaden ◽  
Mario Kallenbach ◽  
Andreas Reinecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Host Plant Selection ◽  
Structural Isomers ◽  
Datura Wrightii ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Plant Signals ◽  
Predatory Insects

The ability to decrypt volatile plant signals is essential if herbivorous insects are to optimize their choice of host plants for their offspring. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) constitute a widespread group of defensive plant volatiles that convey a herbivory-specific message via their isomeric composition: feeding of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta converts (Z)-3- to (E)-2-GLVs thereby attracting predatory insects. Here we show that this isomer-coded message is monitored by ovipositing M. sexta females. We detected the isomeric shift in the host plant Datura wrightii and performed functional imaging in the primary olfactory center of M. sexta females with GLV structural isomers. We identified two isomer-specific regions responding to either (Z)-3- or (E)-2-hexenyl acetate. Field experiments demonstrated that ovipositing Manduca moths preferred (Z)-3-perfumed D. wrightii over (E)-2-perfumed plants. These results show that (E)-2-GLVs and/or specific (Z)-3/(E)-2-ratios provide information regarding host plant attack by conspecifics that ovipositing hawkmoths use for host plant selection.

Host-plant green-leaf volatiles synergize the synthetic sex pheromones of the corn earworm and codling moth (Lepidoptera)

Chemoecology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Light ◽  
Robert A. Flath ◽  
Ronald G. Buttery ◽  
Frank G. Zalom ◽  
Richard E. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Leaf Volatiles

scholarly journals Establishing the contribution of lawn mowing to atmospheric aerosol levels in American suburbs

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 24435-24480
Author(s):  
R. M. Harvey ◽  
J. Zahardis ◽  
G. A. Petrucci
Keyword(s):  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Chamber ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Hexenyl Acetate

Abstract. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are a class of wound-induced volatile organic compounds emitted by several plant species. Turfgrasses emit a complex profile of GLVs upon mowing, as evidenced by the "freshly cut grass" smell, some of which are readily oxidized in the atmosphere to contribute to secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The contribution of lawn mowing-induced SOA production may be especially impactful at the urban/suburban interface, where urban hubs provide a source of anthropogenic oxidants and SOA while suburban neighborhoods have the potential to emit large quantities of reactive, mow-induced GLVs. This interface provides a unique opportunity to study aerosol formation in a multi-component system and at a regionally relevant scale. Freshly cut grass was collected from a study site in Essex Junction, Vermont and was placed inside a 775 L Teflon experimental chamber. Thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) was used to characterize the emitted GLV profile. Ozone was introduced to the experimental chamber and TD-GC/MS was used to monitor the consumption of these GLVs and the subsequent evolution of gas phase products while a scanning mobility particle sizer was used to continuously measure aerosol size distributions and mass loadings as a result of grass clipping ozonolysis. Freshly cut grass found to emit a complex mixture of GLVs, dominated by cis-3-hexenyl acetate and cis-3-hexenol, which were released at an initial rate of 1.8 (±0.5) μg and 0.07 (±0.03) μg per square meter of lawn mowed with each mowing. Chamber studies using pure standards of cis-3-hexenyl acetate (CHA) and cis-3-hexenol (HXL) were found to have aerosol yields of 1.2 (±1.1)% and 3.3 (±3.1)%, respectively. Using these aerosol yields and the emission rate of these CHA and HXL by grass, SOA evolution by ozonolysis of grass clippings was predicted. However, the measured SOA mass produced from the ozonolysis of grass clippings exceeded the predicted amount, by upwards of ~ 150%. The ozonolysis of a mixture of CHA and HXL representative of environmental mixing ratios also failed to accurately model the SOA mass produced by grass clippings. Aerial photographs and geospatial analysis were used to determine the turfgrass coverage in a suburban neighborhood, which was then used along with measured SOA production as a function of grass mowed to determine that lawn mowing has the potential to contribute 47 μg m−2 SOA to the atmosphere per mowing event by ozonolysis, which cannot be modeled solely by the ozonolysis of CHA, HXL or a representative mixture of the two.

Oviposition response of spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to host terpenes and green-leaf volatiles

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Grant ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Linda MacDonald ◽  
Melanie D. Coppens
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Volatiles

AbstractA dual-choice behavioral bioassay and gas chromatography – electroantennogram detection (GC–EAD) were used to determine the effect of host terpenes and nonhost green-leaf volatiles (GLVs) on the oviposition preference of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). Some emphasis was placed on assessing the ability of females to distinguish between enantiomers of chiral monoterpenes because (+)-α-pinene but not (–)-α-pinene or (±)-α-pinene had been shown previously to promote oviposition. Headspace volatiles from white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss (Pinaceae), and balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae), were sampled using solid-phase microextraction and identified by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry with the aid of a chiral column. Females deposited significantly more egg masses on filter paper substrate treated with host monoterpenes than on controls. Contrary to expectation, substrates treated with several GLVs were also preferred over the controls. None of the GLVs or terpenes was deterrent. Females showed no significant ability in either the behavioral or the GC–EAD bioassays to distinguish between enantiomers of selected chiral monoterpenes, including α-pinene, in contrast to earlier findings. We conclude that host terpenes serve as general rather than host-specific oviposition stimuli for spruce budworm.

scholarly journals Comparison of the volatiles composition between healthy and buprestid infected Juglans regia (Juglandaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. e8649
Author(s):  
Yaqin Cui ◽  
Shuqing Kong ◽  
Xinhai Liu ◽  
Suicun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Plant Herbivore Interaction ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Sustainable Pest Control

Meliboeus ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is an important pest of the walnut tree Juglans regia (Juglandaceae), but the volatiles mediating this plant–herbivore interaction are unknown. In this study, volatiles emitted by healthy J. regia and by plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) were obtained by a dynamic headspace method and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Shanxi, China). We identified 26 major compounds and compared the volatile composition of healthy and buprestid-infected J. regia. Green leaf volatiles were detected in all damaged plants, including the monoterpenoids β-phellandrene and (E)-β-ocimene, the sesquiterpenoids (-)-β-bourbonene, β-ylangene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, the alcohols linalool, myrtenol, and (E)-(-)-pinocarveol, the ketones (E)-pinocamphone and (Z)-pinocamphone, and the ester methyl salicylate. The major volatiles detected in healthy plants were β-pinene (36.26 %), α-pinene (23.81 %), D-limonene (12.03 %), sabinene (8.63 %), and β-myrcene (4.35 %). The main volatiles from M. ohbayashii primoriensis larva-infested plants were β-pinene (37.82 %), α-pinene (20.36 %), D-limonene (14.71 %), germacrene D (5.24 %), sabinene (4.52 %), and β-phellandrene (3.80 %). These results enrich our understanding of volatiles of healthy plants and plants infested with M. ohbayashii primoriensis. Furthermore, they provide a theoretical basis and scientific foundation for integrated pest management and for effective ecologically sustainable pest control strategies.

Comparative Study of the Volatiles’ Composition of Healthy and Larvae-Infested Artemisia ordosica

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Shixiang Zong ◽  
Youqing Luo ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Jinlin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dynamic Headspace ◽  
Artemisia Ordosica ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Volatiles Composition

Volatiles emitted by healthy Artemisia ordosica (Asteraceae) and plants infested with larvae of Sphenoptera sp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) or Holcocerus artemisiae (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) were obtained using a dynamic headspace method and analysed by automatic thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ATD/GC/MS). Twenty-eight major compounds were identified, and qualitative and quantitative differences were compared. The novel green leaf volatiles 2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, 2-hexen- 1-ol 1-hexanol, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol acetate, the terpenoids α-copaene, β-cedrene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, and the ester methyl salicylate were present in all infested plants. Volatiles from healthy plants were dominated by D-limonene (32.14%), β-pinene (16.63%), β-phellandrene (16.06%), and sabinene (12.88%). Volatiles from Sphenoptera sp. larvaeinfested plants were dominated by D-limonene (24.74%), β-pinene (21.05%), α-pinene (19.39%), and sabinene (11.64%), whereas volatiles from H. artemisiae larvae-infested plants were dominated by D-limonene (31.76%), sabinene (18.49%), ocimene (15.93%), and β-phellandrene (10.59%). In addition to the qualitative variation, a larvae-induced quantitative change in the proportion of terpenoids in the blends was also a noticeable feature

scholarly journals Establishing the contribution of lawn mowing to atmospheric aerosol levels in American suburbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 797-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Harvey ◽  
J. Zahardis ◽  
G. A. Petrucci
Keyword(s):  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Chamber ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are a class of wound-induced volatile organic compounds emitted by several plant species. Turf grasses emit a complex profile of GLVs upon mowing, as evidenced by the "freshly cut grass" smell, some of which are readily oxidized in the atmosphere to contribute to secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The contribution of lawn-mowing-induced SOA production may be especially impactful at the urban–suburban interface, where urban hubs provide a source of anthropogenic oxidants and SOA while suburban neighborhoods have the potential to emit large quantities of reactive, mow-induced GLVs. This interface provides a unique opportunity to study aerosol formation in a multicomponent system and at a regionally relevant scale. Freshly cut grass was collected from a study site in Essex Junction, Vermont, and was placed inside a 775 L Teflon experimental chamber. Thermal desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) was used to characterize the emitted GLV profile. Ozone was introduced to the experimental chamber and TD-GC/MS was used to monitor the consumption of these GLVs and the subsequent evolution of gas-phase products, while a scanning mobility particle sizer was used to continuously measure aerosol size distributions and mass loadings as a result of grass clipping ozonolysis. Freshly cut grass was found to emit a complex mixture of GLVs, dominated by \\textit{cis}-3-hexenyl acetate (CHA) and \\textit{cis}-3-hexenol (HXL), which were released at an initial rate of 1.8 (± 0.5) μg and 0.07 (± 0.03) μg per square meter of lawn mowed with each mowing. Chamber studies using pure standards of CHA and HXL were found to have aerosol yields of 1.2 (± 1.1)% and 3.3 (± 3.1)%, respectively. Using these aerosol yields and the emission rate of CHA and HXL by grass, SOA evolution by ozonolysis of grass clippings was predicted. However, the measured SOA mass produced from the ozonolysis of grass clippings exceeded the predicted amount, by upwards of ~150%. The ozonolysis of a mixture of CHA and HXL representative of environmental mixing ratios also failed to accurately model the SOA mass produced by grass clippings. The disparity between measured SOA mass and the predicted SOA mass suggests that grass clippings contain other SOA precursors in addition to CHA and HXL. Aerial photographs and geospatial analysis were used to determine the area of turfgrass coverage in a suburban neighborhood, which was then used along with measured SOA production as a function of grass mowed to determine that lawn mowing has the potential to contribute 47 μg SOA per m−2 of lawn to the atmosphere per mowing event by ozonolysis, which cannot be modeled solely by the ozonolysis of CHA, HXL or a representative mixture of the two.

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