scholarly journals Using the other for oneself: Conversational practices of representing out-group members among adolescents

2007 ◽  
pp. 273-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnulf Deppermann
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Group Members

The Afterlives of Violent Images

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 327-354
Author(s):  
Nadia Yaqub
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Violent Images

This article examines the posting of photographs on two Facebook groups created by survivors of the 1976 fall of the Tal al-Zaʾtar refugee camp and their descendants. What happens to photographs as they circulate through these particular social media groups, and what relations do people (including photographed subjects who appear in images of atrocity and trauma) create with such images as they circulate in new ways? How are they mobilized through social media to create and sustain collective memory? I argue that by addressing the yearning to discover, document and sustain networks of affiliation and association on one hand and a shared geography, lost in 1976 and virtually reconstructed through members’ activities on the sites on the other, group members appeal in complex ways to both indexical and iconic qualities of photographs, thereby allowing for the creative engagement with a collective past for the needs of community members in the present.

Effect of Group Heterogeneity on Quality of Task Solutions

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Aamodt ◽  
Wilson W. Kimbrough
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Group Heterogeneity ◽  
Group Members

Subjects were placed into groups on the basis of either trait homogeneity or heterogeneity with the other group members and were given a group task to complete. The results indicated group answers of superior quality when the group was composed of heterogeneous individuals rather than homogeneous individuals.

Sex Differences in Conformity: Status and Gender Role Interpretations

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice H. Eagly ◽  
Carole Chrvala
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Pressure ◽  
Status Characteristics ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Older Males

The experiment examines status and gender role explanations of the tendency for women to conform more than men in group pressure settings. Subjects believed they were assigned to groups containing two males and two females in addition to themselves and received these other group members' opinions, which were represented as deviating from the opinions that subjects had given earlier. Subjects then gave their opinions with the other group members either having or not having surveillance over these opinions. In addition, subjects were required to form impressions of each other's likability or expertise. The findings indicate that subjects' sex and age affected the extent of their conformity. Among older (19 years and older) subjects, females conformed more with surveillance than without it, whereas surveillance did not affect males' conformity. Among younger (under 19 years) subjects, surveillance had no effects. Analysis of sex differences revealed that older females were significantly more conforming than older males when under surveillance as well as when subjects formed impressions of one another's likability. Among younger subjects, there were no sex differences. These findings are discussed in terms of the theories that (a) both sex and age function as status characteristics and (b) gender roles determine conformity.

Pengaruh Daya Tarik Interpersonal terhadap Kohesivitas Kelompok Tani Bawang Merah di Kecamatan Mijen, Kabupaten Demak

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Tri Maulana Sari ◽  
Joko Winarno ◽  
Suminah Suminah
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Cohesiveness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Saturated Sample ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Very High ◽  
Simple Regression

<div class="WordSection1"><p><em><span>Group cohesiveness as a dynamic process that is seen from the interest and attachment of relationships between members is an important thing that must be owned by farmer groups. The cohesiveness of shallot farmer groups in Mijen Sub-district, Demak Regency is influenced by several factors, one of which is interpersonal attractiveness. Cohesive groups make it easier to transfer information. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of interpersonal attractiveness of farmer group members, to examine the level of cohesiveness of farmer groups and to analyze the effect of interpersonal attractiveness on the cohesiveness of the shallot farmer group. The research method used was a saturated sample by taking all groups of shallot farmers in Mijen Sub-district, Demak Regency as samples in the study. Methods of data analysis using descriptive quantitative and simple regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that the level of interpersonal attractiveness of members of the shallot farmer group in Mijen Sub-district, Demak Regency is classified as very high or reaches 46.88%. The level of group cohesiveness is high, reaching 47.70%. Interpersonal attractiveness has a significant effect of 28% on the cohesiveness of farmer groups and the other 72% is influenced by other factors outside the study. Suggestions from the research that has been carried out are to maintain the social activities that have been carried out from the simplest things</span></em><span>.</span></p></div>

Studies in Speech Disorder in Schizophrenia

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (524) ◽  
pp. 833-841
Author(s):  
A. D. Forrest ◽  
A. J. Hay ◽  
A. W. Kushner
Keyword(s):  
Speech Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Private Language ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
New Words ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Group Members

Most clinical psychiatrists would agree that many but not all schizophrenic subjects show abnormalities in the field of language. Many use neologisms, i.e. new words for old referents, and some chronic patients talk in a more or less private language which at times degenerates into a word salad. The following features have been noted in the schizophrenic's verbal productions—alliteration, condensation, over-inclusiveness and the personal distortion of the symbol-referent tie. Stuart Chase said: “The point of every discussion is to find the referent. When it is found emotional factors dissolve in mutual understanding.” Psychiatrists often assume that they have identified the referent which ties in with the symbol the patient is using, but sometimes the patient uses new symbols, as “Bill” did the other week when he astonished the other group members by announcing that he was “troubled by warpations and distressed by ignorances”.

scholarly journals How do conflict narratives shape conflict- and peace-related outcomes among majority group members? The role of competitive victimhood in intractable conflicts

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843022091577
Author(s):  
Özden Melis Uluğ ◽  
Brian Lickel ◽  
Bernhard Leidner ◽  
Gilad Hirschberger
Keyword(s):  
Violent Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The One ◽  
Kurdish Conflict ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conflict Narratives

Previous research in the Turkish–Kurdish conflict context highlighted two opposing conflict narratives: (a) a terrorism narrative and (b) an independence narrative. In this article, we argue that these narratives are relevant to protracted and asymmetrical intergroup conflict (e.g., independence struggles), and therefore have consequences for conflict- and peace-related outcomes regardless of conflict contexts. We tested this generalizability hypothesis in parallel studies in the context of Turkish–Kurdish (Study 1) and Israeli–Palestinian relations (Study 2) among majority group members (Turks and Jewish Israelis, respectively). We also investigated competitive victimhood as a potential mediating variable in the relationship between conflict narratives on the one side and support for non-violent conflict resolution, forgiveness, and support for aggressive policies on the other, in parallel studies with the two aforementioned contexts. We argue that the terrorism narrative is essentially a negation of the narrative of the other group, and the independence narrative is a consideration of that narrative; therefore, competitive victimhood would be lower/higher when the narrative of the other is acknowledged/denied. Results point to the crucial relationship between endorsing conflict narratives and conflict- and peace-related outcomes through competitive victimhood, and to the possibility that these conflict narratives may show some similarities across different conflict contexts.

scholarly journals Giving to versus Taking from In- and Out-Group Members

Games ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Alt ◽  
Carlo Gallier ◽  
Achim Schlüter ◽  
Katherine Nelson ◽  
Eva Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Minimal Group Paradigm ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Full Factorial

In this experiment, we test whether subjects’ responses to variations in the action set in a dictator game depends on induced group identities. The action set includes choices in which the dictator can either give money to or take money from the other player. As an extension to the anonymous setting, we introduce induced group identities using the minimal group paradigm. Based on a dictator game conducted with more than 300 students in Indonesia, we implement a full factorial design in order to analyze the framing of the action set in a varied cultural context and to examine varied prevalence of social norms given a group identity context. If group identity is not salient, we find that participants are slightly more generous when they have an opportunity to give to rather than to take from the recipient. However, when participants are matched with in-group members, this result is reversed and highly significant. The result of differing responses to framing effects in within-group interactions compared to a neutral setting are largely ascribed to the varied compliance with existing social norms.

scholarly journals Stories of Change: Comparative Time-Framed Experience Telling in Health Promotion Group Discussions

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-292
Author(s):  
Aija Logren ◽  
Johanna Ruusuvuori ◽  
Jaana Laitinen
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Epistemic Independence

In this article, we examine comparative time-framed experience telling: episodes of interaction in health promotion group discussions in which one of the participants tells their experience and, in response, another participant tells their own experiences from separate moments or periods of their life and compares them. In so doing, group members reinforce and encourage the previous speaker’s positive stance or challenge the negative stance toward contextually relevant objects: behavior change and suggested solutions. This practice allows group members to demonstrate their independent access to experiences that are similar to those of the other, present evidence of similarities and differences between the experiences, and show their epistemic independence regarding their claims. By recontextualizing the experience of the other in this way, it becomes possible for the group members to interpret and even oppose it while maintaining a level of understanding of the differences between the experiences in question and respecting them.

The Role of Narcissism in Group Psychotherapy

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Battegay
Keyword(s):  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Group Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Five Phases

This article analyzes five phases in the group process in which narcissism may, also on an archaic basis, be seen to be present, and its effect both on the individuals and the group process, as well as towards the conductor. The author also refers to the tasks of the therapist in respect of this narcissism, as it affects the individual, the other group members, and the group-as-a-whole.

SOCIAL STATUS AND INVESTIGATORY BEHAVIOUR IN THE ANGELFISH (PTEROPHYLLUM SCALARE)

Behaviour ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1469-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gómez-Laplaza
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Predator ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dominant Fish ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Investigatory Behaviour ◽  
Predator Model ◽  
Pterophyllum Scalare

AbstractThe response of juvenile angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) with different dominance ranks towards a potential predator and a nonthreatening novel stimulus was studied when in a group, to assess the influence of the social status on investigatory behaviour. Dominant fish showed a cautious predator inspection behaviour, often approaching the predator model from a relatively safe distance. In contrast, middle ranking fish inspected the predator model closely and the number and duration of the inspection visits to the area closest to the predator were greater than those of the other group members. Subordinate fish tended to avoid the potential predator, but showed the greatest interest in the novel harmless stimulus, investigating it more readily and for more time from the shortest distance than their companions. Dominant fish displayed a rather weak response towards the nonthreatening stimulus, exhibiting the shortest duration of investigation and the longest latency of approach. The response of intermediate ranking fish was more variable, existing little differences with that showed by any of the other fish categories in the parameters considered. The results indicate that dominance relationships within a group may affect behavioural decisions during investigatory behaviour, and suggest that individuals with different social status use different behavioural strategies dependent on the focal stimulus, possibly reflecting adaptive changes and physiological condition.

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