Formality strategies in Managua, Nicaragua

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Image Identification ◽  
International Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nicaraguan Spanish

Nicaraguan Spanish is characterized by the reduction of coda /s/ to glottal frication, elision, and glottal constriction, but the latter variant has never been explored in depth. The present study fills this void by analyzing the word-final, intervocalic /s/ environment in sociolinguistic interviews, reading tasks, and image identification tasks conducted with 36 Nicaraguans with the goal of detailing the social patterning of glottal constriction. I find that glottal constriction patterns like sibilance, a hyperarticulated variant, and a statistical analysis reveals two distinct hyperarticulation strategies in formal tasks based on age and education. Given their differing responses to formality, I propose that more educated and younger speakers with more exposure to prescriptive norms apply sibilance, a global hyperarticulation strategy, to signal their education and power on an international scale, while less educated and older speakers utilize glottal constriction to construct an identity associated with regional articulateness.

scholarly journals The Ecuadorian Amazon: A Data Analysis of Social and Educational Characteristics of the Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Valdivieso ◽  
Efstathios Stefos ◽  
Ruth Lalama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Level Of Instruction ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

The present study describes the social and educational characteristics of the Ecuadorian Amazon population. For this purpose, the data obtained from the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment of 2014 was used in this research. A descriptive statistical analysis presents the frequency, the percentages and the graphs of the variables related to the area in which people live, gender, age, ethnic self-identification, language spoken, marital status and level of instruction. Other variables are the use of computer and internet, place of birth, reason why they live in the Amazon region, type of activity or inactivity, how do they feel in their jobs, and groups of occupation. Also, a factorial analysis was used to show the main and most important criteria of differentiation and the the clusters of people with similar characteristics.

scholarly journals The Social Characteristics of Postgraduate Students in Ecuador: A Multidimensional Statistical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Andrés Bonilla Marchán ◽  
Ramiro Delgado ◽  
Efstathios Stefos
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
The Social

The purpose of this study is to investigate social characteristics of postgraduate students in Ecuador. The study was conducted with the use of a descriptive and multidimensional statistical analysis, and data from the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment corresponding to 2015. The descriptive analysis has shown the frequencies and percentages of the variables of the research. The multidimensional statistical analysis was used in order to show the main and most important criteria of differentiation and the classification in clusters of people being studied. The methods used are the factorial analysis of multiple correspondences that presents the criteria of differentiation and the hierarchical clustering that defines the groups of people due to their common characteristics.

scholarly journals Work Ethics and Social Responsibility: Actual and Aspiration

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Awad Alwagfi ◽  
Nader Mohammad Aljawarneh ◽  
Khaled Abdalqader Alomari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Work Ethics ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Descriptive Approach

This study aims at investigating the reality of social responsibility, and its ethical dimensions in educational business organizations in addition to knowing the prevailing advantages and disadvantages. The sample of the study consisted of northern Jordanian universities were 210 male and female as respondents to a questionnaire. 200 questionnaires were valid for statistical analysis in order to achieve the purposes of this study; the researcher adopted a descriptive approach. This study utilized a tool to measure the social responsibility, and its ethical dimensions in private northern Jordanian universities. The study concluded that the correlation between social responsibility and ethical dimensions were statistically significant. In light of the aforementioned findings, the study recommended the raising employees’ morals and motivating them in ethical ways, in addition to developing a clear plan applied by educational organizations to apply and practice social responsibility.

scholarly journals Nonadherence to Antiepileptic Medications: Still a Major Issue to be Addressed in the Management of Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Zafar ◽  
Rizwana Shahid ◽  
Saima Nazish ◽  
Danah Aljaafari ◽  
Fahd Ali Alkhamis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
The University ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT Context: Medication nonadherence is a significant barrier in achieving seizure freedom in patients with epilepsy. There is a deficiency of data about the reasons for nonadherence in Saudi population. Aims: The aim of this study is to prove the existence of nonadherence to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in patients with epilepsy and identify the responsible factors. Setting and Design: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study carried in the Department of Neurology at King Fahd Hospital of the University affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University. Subjects and Methods: Patients of all ages diagnosed to have epilepsy as mentioned in their medical record and taking antiepileptic medications were interviewed using a questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Statistical significance was defined as two-tailed with a P ≤ 0.05. Results: Among 152 participants, 52.6% were male and 47.4% were female. Mean age of the patients was 28 ± 14.3 (mean ± standard deviation) years. Of 152 patients, 48.7% were found to be nonadherent to their AED therapy. The most commonly identified factor was forgetfulness. Nonadherence was significantly associated with poor seizure control (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Nonadherence to the AED is common among patients with epilepsy and affects seizure control adversely.

Perceptions of blended destination image: the case of Rio de Janeiro and Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoela Carrillo Valduga ◽  
Zélia Breda ◽  
Carlos Martins Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the image of Brazil and Rio de Janeiro as a blended tourism destination (TD) image, by examining the categories of the image, and whether it is positive or negative and cognitive or affective. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach was employed to verify the relations between the image of Brazil and Rio de Janeiro by visit, location, categories and subcategories and dimensions. Data were collected online from a “snowball” sample and were analyzed applying non-parametric hypothesis testing. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 25.0 for Windows. Findings Results reveal that respondents share the same image of the city of Rio de Janeiro and Brazil, a conclusion that is partially confirmed by statistical findings. The quantitative results also showed that the image is positive and “natural attractions” and “unique city attractions” are, respectively, the most mentioned subcategory and category. Cognitive attributes of the image have been more mentioned than affective ones. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the image of Brazil and Rio de Janeiro as a blended TD image has never been explored before, however, it has been assumed as being the same.

Estimation of Adult Human Height from the Bigonial Width and Mandibular Arch

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
José Aderval Aragão ◽  
Guilherme Machado de Santana ◽  
Erick Mendonça do Sacramento ◽  
Israel Santos Marcelo ◽  
Iapunira Catarina Sant'Anna Aragão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Legal Medicine ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Proportionality Relationship

Introduction An individual's sex, age and height are of great importance in legal medicine, especially with regard to identifying corpses. Height estimates are based on the proportionality relationship that exists between an individual's height and his various body parts. Objective To analyze the relationship between mandible measurements (length of the mandibular arch and bigonial width) and height. Materials and methods This study was conducted on the population of the Mussuca quilombo settlement, which is in the municipality of Laranjeiras, state of Sergipe, Brazil. The sample was composed of 300 individuals: 150 women and 150 men aged between 18 and 85 years old. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Scienes SPSS®, version 19.0, for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, EUA) and Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). Results The correlation coefficients were found to be low, with weak correlations between the measurements of the mandibula and height. Analysis on these values shows a very small positive correlation between height and the length of the mandibular arch among males (r = 0.177; p < 0.05) and among females (r = 0.271; p = 0.001); and between height and bigonial width among females (r = 0.169; p < 0,05). Conclusion Height may be estimated less exactly in cases in which only cephalofacial dimensions are available for legal medical examination.

O CONTADOR E OS LIVROS: o catálogo dos livros apreendidos ao conde da Ega em 1813

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
CLáUDIO DENIPOTI
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
Printed Word

Em 1813, a redação manuscrita do ”Catalogo dos livros que foram do Ex Conde da Ega, os quaes por ordem do Illmo e Exmo Snr, Marquez de Borba, etc...”, feito no á¢mbito da Intendência de Obras Públicas de Lisboa, pelo escrivão Thomaz de Aquino Leal, oferece-nos personagens que podem permitir uma análise sobre o universo dos livros em Portugal entre os séculos XVIII e XIX. Uma análise estatá­stica permite ver uma biblioteca composta fundamentalmente por obras filosófico-religiosas, impressas em Latim, Espanhol e Português, publicadas majoritariamente no século XVI e XVIII. Uma análise discursiva permitirá uma percepção das clivagens sócio-polá­ticas em cena no contexto das guerras napoleônicas em Portugal. Uma comparação com outros catálogos manuscritos permitirá explorar os limites desse documento para os historiadores modernos. Palavras -chave: História da palavra impressa. Bibliotecas. Guerra Peninsular. Catálogos.  THE ACCOUNTANT AND THE BOOKS: the catalogue of apprehended books belonging to the count of Ega in 1813Abstract: In 1813, the manuscript of the ”Catalog of books belonging to the Count of Ega, apprehended by order of the Marquis of Borba...”, written within the office of Public Works in Lisbon, by notary Thomaz de Aquino Leal presents us with characters which may allow us to analyze the book universe in Portugal at the turn of the 18th to the 19th Centuries. A statistical analysis allows us to view a library made up fundamentally of books published during the 16th to 18th Century period, mostly in Latin, Spanish and Portuguese, on philosophy and religion themes. A discourse analysis will allow an understanding of the social and political divides in play during the Napoleonic wars in Portugal. A comparison with other manuscript catalogs will let us explore the limits of such documents for the modern historians. Keywords: Printed word history. Libraries. Peninsular wars. Catalogues.  EL CONTADOR Y LOS LIBROS: el catálogo de los libros aprehendidos al conde de la Ega, en 1813 Resumen: En 1813, la redacción manuscrita del "Catálogo dos livros que foram do Ex Conde da Ega, os quais, por ordem do Ilmo e Exmo Sr. Marquez de Borba, etc...  " hecho en el ámbito de la Administración de Obras Publicas de Lisboa, por el notario Thomaz de Aquino Leal, nos ofrece personajes que pueden permitir un análisis sobre el universo de los libros en Portugal, entre los siglos de XVIII y XIX. Un análisis  permite ver una biblioteca compuesta fundamentalmente por obras filosófico religiosas, impresas en Latá­n , Español y Portugués, publicadas mayoritariamente en el siglo XVI y XVIII. Un análisis discursivo permitirá una percepción de las fragmentaciones socio polá­ticos en el escenario del contexto de las guerras napoleónicas en Portugal. Una comparación con otros catálogos manuscritos podrá permitir la explotación de los lá­mites de ese documento para los historiadores modernos. Palabras clave: Historia de la palabra impresa. Bibliotecas. Guerras Peninsular. Catálogos.

scholarly journals Employee Motivation: A Leadership Imperative

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Social And Behavioral Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
International Scale ◽  
The Social

Employee motivation is a topic that has been studied for nearly a century. Beginning with the Hawthorne Studies in the 1920s and continuing to the current day, researchers have explored the elusive phenomenon of employee motivation. Furthermore, researchers have attempted to understand how leaders can effectively lead their employees in a way that motivates them to reach their full potential. While employee motivation has been, and continues to be, the focus of much research among the social and behavioral sciences on an international scale, leaders today are in need of practical tools that can help them motivate employees more effectively. This paper provides a survey of some of the key research on employee motivation and highlights the important role that leaders play in motivating their employees to achieve high performance. Also included are some practical tools that leaders can implement to increase employee motivation.

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