The carnival is not over

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-195
Author(s):  
Andrea Capstick ◽  
John Chatwin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

Within the still-dominant medical discourse on dementia, disorders of language feature prominently among diagnostic criteria. In this view, changes in ability to produce or understand coherent speech are considered to be an inevitable result of neuropathology. Alternative psychosocial accounts of communicative challenges in dementia exists, but to date, little emphasis has been placed on people with dementia as social actors who create meaning and context from their social interactions. In this article we draw on Bakhtin’s concepts of the carnivalesque, heteroglossia, polyphony and dialogism to analyse a series of interactions involving people with dementia in day and residential care environments. We argue that many of the communicative challenges faced by people with dementia arise from the social environments in which they find themselves, and that the utterances of people with dementia in the face of these social challenges show many of the hallmarks of cultural resistance identified by Bakhtin.

scholarly journals The carnival is not over: Cultural resistance in dementia care

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Capstick ◽  
John Chatwin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

Within the still-dominant medical discourse on dementia, disorders of language feature prominently among diagnostic criteria. In this view, changes in ability to produce or understand coherent speech are considered to be an inevitable result of neuropathology. Alternative psychosocial accounts of communicative challenges in dementia exists, but to date, little emphasis has been placed on people with dementia as social actors who create meaning and context from their social interactions. In this article we draw on Bakhtin’s concepts of the carnivalesque, heteroglossia, polyphony and dialogism to analyse a series of interactions involving people with dementia in day and residential care environments. We argue that many of the communicative challenges faced by people with dementia arise from the social environments in which they find themselves, and that the utterances of people with dementia in the face of these social challenges show many of the hallmarks of cultural resistance identified by Bakhtin.

scholarly journals C2C value co-creation through social interactions in tourism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Reichenberger
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Interviews

Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This paper examines the social practice of customer-to-customer value co-creation in tourism contexts by considering visitor–visitor interactions, their manifestations, influential factors, and types of resulting value using extended social situation analysis. On the basis of 76 qualitative in-depth interviews, results show that value co-creation is not necessarily dependent upon the underlying social interactions but predominantly influenced by personal factors and attitudes towards sociability. The stronger the focus on other social actors is and the longer and more personal the social interactions are, the more complex and multilayered is the co-created perceived value.

scholarly journals Avoiding interactional conflict in dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-34
Author(s):  
Jackie Guendouzi ◽  
Ashley Meaux ◽  
Nicole Müller
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
General Population ◽  
Small Talk ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tag Questions ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Social Use

Sociolinguistic research in the general population has established the existence of gender differences in the social use of language. In particular, it has been noted that women use more markers of politeness, small talk and structural devices (e.g. minimal responses, tag questions) to help maintain their conversations. Analysis of interactions involving people with dementia (PWD) suggests that these gender based differences were still present in the face of dementia. Furthermore, the use of these forms of language helped the women with dementia to avoid conflict and extend the length of their interactions. This study investigated whether the use of such language helped or hindered women with dementia in maintaining conversational satisfaction.

From neoliberal disembedding to authoritarian re-embedding: The making of illiberal hegemony in Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Scheiring ◽  
Kristóf Szombati
Keyword(s):  
Blue Collar ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Blue Collar Workers ◽  
Authoritarian Populism ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ruling Party

This article presents and empirically substantiates a theoretical account explaining the making and stabilisation of illiberal hegemony in Hungary. It combines a Polanyian institutionalist framework with a neo-Gramscian analysis of right-wing hegemonic strategy and a relational class analysis inspired by the political economy tradition in anthropology. The article identifies the social actors behind the illiberal transformation, showing how ‘neoliberal disembedding’ fuelled the rightward shift of constituencies who had erstwhile been brought into the fold of liberal hegemony: blue-collar workers, post-peasants and sections of domestic capital. Finally, the article describes the emergence of a new regime of accumulation and Fidesz’s strategy of ‘authoritarian re-embedding’, which relies on ‘institutional authoritarianism’ and ‘authoritarian populism’. This two-pronged approach has so far allowed the ruling party to stabilise illiberal hegemony, even in the face of reforms that have generated discontents and exacerbated social inequality.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1763) ◽  
pp. 20130803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rebar ◽  
Rafael L. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Full Sibling ◽  
The Social

Patterns of phenotypic variation arise in part from plasticity owing to social interactions, and these patterns contribute, in turn, to the form of selection that shapes the variation we observe in natural populations. This proximate–ultimate dynamic brings genetic variation in social environments to the forefront of evolutionary theory. However, the extent of this variation remains largely unknown. Here, we use a member of the Enchenopa binotata species complex of treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) to assess how mate preferences are influenced by genetic variation in the social environment. We used full-sibling split-families as ‘treatment’ social environments, and reared focal females alongside each treatment family, describing the mate preferences of the focal females. With this method, we detected substantial genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences. The mate preferences of focal females varied according to the treatment families along with which they grew up. We discuss the evolutionary implications of the presence of such genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences, including potential contributions to the maintenance of genetic variation, the promotion of divergence, and the adaptive evolution of social effects on fitness-related traits.

scholarly journals Social interactions within the family enhance the capacity for evolutionary change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJM Jarrett ◽  
M Schrader ◽  
D Rebar ◽  
TM Houslay ◽  
RM Kilner
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Selection Experiments ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Provision Of Care

AbstractClassical models of evolution seldom predict evolution in the wild. One explanation is that the social environment has important, yet overlooked, effects on how traits change in response to natural selection. We tested this idea with selection experiments on burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides), sub-social insects that exhibit biparental care. Populations responded to selection for larger adults only when parents cared for their offspring, and responded to selection for smaller adults only when we prevented parents from providing care. Comparative analyses revealed a similar pattern: evolutionary increases in species size within the genus Nicrophorus are associated with the obligate provision of care. Synthesising our results with previous studies, we suggest that cooperative social environments enhance the response to selection whereas conflict can prevent further directional selection.

scholarly journals C2C value co-creation through social interactions in tourism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Reichenberger
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Interviews

Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This paper examines the social practice of customer-to-customer value co-creation in tourism contexts by considering visitor–visitor interactions, their manifestations, influential factors, and types of resulting value using extended social situation analysis. On the basis of 76 qualitative in-depth interviews, results show that value co-creation is not necessarily dependent upon the underlying social interactions but predominantly influenced by personal factors and attitudes towards sociability. The stronger the focus on other social actors is and the longer and more personal the social interactions are, the more complex and multilayered is the co-created perceived value.

scholarly journals Time to leave: Computations of when to end a social interaction depend on opportunity costs, depression, and loneliness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Gabay ◽  
M. Andrea Pisauro ◽  
Kathryn O'Nell ◽  
Rosie Lynch ◽  
Matthew A J Apps
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Dynamic Allocation ◽  
Evidence Accumulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decisions To Leave ◽  
High Opportunity Cost ◽  
Computational Processes

Positive social relationships are vital for mental health. There is an ever-increasing understanding of the cognitive and computational mechanisms that underlie how we process others’ behaviours during social interactions. Yet fundamentally many conversations, partnerships and relationships have to end. However, little is known about how people decide when to leave. Theories of decision-making posit that people stop a behaviour in favour of another based on evidence accumulation processes, shaped by the value of alternative behaviours (opportunity costs). Do people compute evidence to leave social interactions based on the opportunity costs of connecting to others? Here, in a novel economic game, participants made decisions of when to leave partners in social environments with different opportunity costs for moving on. Across four studies we find that people leave partners more quickly when the opportunity costs are high, both in terms of the average generosity in the environment and the effort required to connect to the next partner. People’s leaving times could be accounted for by a fairness-adapted evidence accumulation model, with a lower threshold for leaving in high opportunity cost social environments. Moreover, decisions to leave were modulated by depression and loneliness scores, which were linked to an interaction between the fairness of a partner and the opportunity cost of the social environment. These findings demonstrate the cognitive and computational processes underlying decisions to leave social interactions, and highlight that loneliness and depression may be linked to an atypical dynamic allocation of time to social interactions.

scholarly journals Metáfora "árvore do conhecimento" na pesquisa saúde infantil/ambiente na Amazônia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (34) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Marcela Milrea Araújo Barros ◽  
Ivone Evangelista Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Social Actors ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
De Se ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Paradigmatic Change ◽  
Material Space

Descrever a aplicabilidade da dinâmica de criatividade e sensibilidade ‘árvore do conhecimento’ do método criativo sensível com enfermeiros que atendem crianças na atenção primária em região da Amazônia durante as queimadas. A metáfora da árvore materializada na produção artística com as questões geradoras de debate, possibilitou um ambiente acolhedor, descontraído, com coletivização das experiências, determinando material empírico vertical, profundo e coerente. O espaço foi catalizador de reflexões críticas sobre o papel social e profissional do enfermeiro, preocupado com a sustentabilidade frente às particularidades ambientais, o grupo infantil e sua família. A dinâmica se manifesta como estratégia alternativa de se construir uma epistemologia na enfermagem com olhar sensível para a interface saúde e ambiente. Trata-se de uma mudança paradigmática desafiadora para a ciência, ao respeitar o sujeito na sua singularidade e repensar um novo lugar para os atores sociais, não mais passivo, mas ativo e interativo na produção do conhecimento.Descritores: Criatividade, Conhecimento, Enfermeiros, Ambiente. Metaphor “tree of knowledge” in child health/environment research in the AmazonAbstract: Describe the applicability of the creativity and sensitivity dynamics tree of knowledge of the sensitive creative method with nurses who care for children in primary care in the Amazon region during fires. The metaphor of the tree materialized in artistic production with the questions that generate debate, enabled a welcoming, relaxed environment, with collectivization of experiences, determining empirical vertical, deep and coherent material. Space was a catalyst for critical reflections on the social and professional role of nurses, concerned with sustainability in the face of environmental particularities, the child group, and their family. The dynamics manifest themselves as an alternative strategy to build an epistemology in nursing with a sensitive look at the interface between health and the environment. It is a challenging paradigmatic change for science, by respecting the subject in its uniqueness and rethinking a new place for social actors, no longer passive, but active and interactive in the production of knowledge.Descriptors: Creativity, Knowledge, Nurses, Environment. Metáfora “árbol del conocimiento” en la investigación de salud infantil/medio ambiente en la AmazoníaResumen: Describa la aplicabilidad de la dinámica de la creatividad y la sensibilidad del “árbol del conocimiento" del método creativo sensible con enfermeras que asisten a niños en atención primaria en la región amazónica durante los incendios. La metáfora del árbol materializada en la producción artística con las preguntas que generan debate, permitió un ambiente acogedor, relajado, con colectivización de experiencias, determinando material empírico vertical, profundo y coherente. El espacio fue un catalizador para reflexiones críticas sobre el papel social y profesional del enfermero, preocupado por la sostenibilidad frente a las particularidades ambientales, el grupo infantil y su familia. La dinámica se manifiesta como una estrategia alternativa para construir una epistemología en enfermería con una mirada sensible a la interfaz entre la salud y el medio ambiente. Es un cambio paradigmático desafiante para la ciencia, al respetar el tema en su singularidad y repensar un nuevo lugar para los actores sociales, ya no pasivos, sino activos e interactivos en la producción de conocimiento.Descriptores: Creatividad, Conocimiento, Enfermeros, Ambiente.

Friendships and the social environments of people with dementia: Introduction to the Special Issue

Dementia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate de Medeiros ◽  
Pamela A. Saunders ◽  
Steven R. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Social Environments ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Social
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