scholarly journals Explorations into the social contexts of neologism use in early English correspondence

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Säily ◽  
Eetu Mäkelä ◽  
Mika Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Spelling Variation ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Early English ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract This paper describes ongoing work towards a rich analysis of the social contexts of neologism use in historical corpora, in particular the Corpora of Early English Correspondence, with research questions concerning the innovators, meanings and diffusion of neologisms. To enable this kind of study, we are developing new processes, tools and ways of combining data from different sources, including the Oxford English Dictionary, the Historical Thesaurus, and contemporary published texts. Comparing neologism candidates across these sources is complicated by the large amount of spelling variation. To make the issues tractable, we start from case studies of individual suffixes (-ity, -er) and people (Thomas Twining). By developing tools aiding these studies, we build toward more general analyses. Our aim is to develop an open-source environment where information on neologism candidates is gathered from a variety of algorithms and sources, pooled, and presented to a human evaluator for verification and exploration.

When ‘Speech Islands’ Aren’t Islands: Parallel independent development, drift, and minimal levels of contact for diffusion

Diachronica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hartman Keiser
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Sound Change ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Minimal Level ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Pennsylvania German ◽  
American Midwest ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Diffusion

This study explores the related concepts of parallel independent development and drift, highlighting in particular the challenge of quantifying isolation. I analyze the precisely synchronized spread of a sound change, the monophthongization of /aɪ/, across Pennsylvania German ‘speech islands’ in the American Midwest. A key finding is that the intensity and duration of interspeaker contact required to catalyze apparent parallel developments may have lower than expected thresholds. The significance of extensive yet low-intensity cross-migration patterns across these communities at particular points in their histories ultimately leads to an exploration of the minimal level of contact required for diffusion of a change and feeds into recent discussion on the social contexts for transmission and diffusion (e.g., Labov 2007).

Manuscript and Print, 1500–1700

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Burlinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Female Authors ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Books ◽  
Early English

This chapter discusses the uses to which manuscripts and printed books were put in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and the changing histories and critical traditions that have accounted for them, beginning with the place of Caxton, Pynson, and de Worde in the early English printing trade and the developing copyright law and discourse of authorship at the start of the eighteenth century. It then discusses the ways in which textual editors have accounted for the interaction between manuscript and print and the new authors and texts that have gained critical attention (with renewed scholarly attention to female authors and the social contexts of writing). It ends with a consideration of the ways in which print and manuscript coexisted and of the ways in which attention to annotations and the history of reading might be leading toward the history of books, rather than the history of the book.

scholarly journals Mapping of Academic Production on Social Enterprises: An international analysis for the growth of this field

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Romani-Dias ◽  
Edson Sadao Iizuka ◽  
Elisa Rodrigues Alves Larroudé ◽  
Aline Dos Santos Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Academic Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The purpose of this article is to identify, organize and analyze the international scientific production on social enterprises (SE). It presents the results of a bibliometric study combined with a systematic literature analysis. We analyzed 204 academic articles on the subject, from four different sources: (i) articles published in journals with high impact factors; (ii) most cited articles as per Google Scholar; (iii) articles addressing topics related to SE; and (iv) articles from the Social Enterprise Journal, specialized in the subject. Results point to remarkable recent growth in the field of SE, both theoretically and empirically. In addition, this study presents the main pieces of work, countries, institutions, research questions, methodology and results found in the SE literature. Studies have concentrated around six main categories: (1) understanding SE, through different approaches, concepts and models; (2) governance and relationships with stakeholders; (3) attempts to increase practical references and samples within the field; (4) organizational learning, structure and critical factors for success and failure of SE; (5) metrics, indicators and social impact generated by SE; and (6) legislation of different countries and how it relates to SE.

scholarly journals IMPLICATURE IN THE INTERNET MEMES: SEMIO-PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Nova Rina ◽  
Yusrita Yanti ◽  
Hayqal Idham
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Internet ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Implied Meaning ◽  
Dominant Influence

Internet memes refer to memes that are spread through the Internet, from person to person via social networks, blogs, direct email, or news sources. The main purpose of internet memes are for humorous or to entertain the readers. However, not all people can easily interpret a meme. This phenomenon appears to be the case because several internet memes contain implied meaning or implicature due to the limited caption available and the picture it brings which has its own character and representation. The purpose of this research is to describe the implicature in the internet memes by using Grice's theory in the perspective semiotics and pragmatics due to all of contexts, symbol, icon, and index in the memes influence the interpretation of the implied meaning and the intention. In this analysis, the writers uses qualitative method. The data were taken from the three meme websites: 9gag.com, knowyourmeme.com and memecenter.com. The data collected have been completely analyzed based on the research questions. The results show the most dominant memes spread of using conventional implicature. There are six categories found based on its idea and representation; they are (1) masculinity, (2) personal experience, (3) loneliness, (4) social events, (5) false analogy and (6) sarcasm. Then, there are at least two contexts that influence the implication of each meme, and the most dominant influence is the social contexts.

Combining data from different sources in Medical Sociology: Chance, problems, and pitfalls

2010 ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Siegfried Geyer
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Different Sources

In this paper it is considered how data from different origins and of different qualities can be combined in order to arrive at a more complete picture of phenomena considered in empirical research. It is shown how qualitative and quantitative data can be compared in meaningful ways, and how they can be analyzed together in statistical analyses. In addition to respondent-based information registry data may be used. This makes it possible to add information that are unaffected from memory distortions, non-response problems and from social desirability bias, but registry information have their particular weaknesses that need to be taken into account. Finally aggregate-level data may be used. Although they are only second best if standing alone, aggregated data may act as contextual information that may be used for performing multi-level analyses. Finally a study on the role of social factors in the course of breast cancer as an example is described where data from different sources are combined in order to tackle complex health-related research questions.

scholarly journals Divided by the Rainbow: Culture War and Diffusion of Paleoconservative Values in Contemporary Poland

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ryszard Bobrowicz ◽  
Mattias Nowak
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Distinct Form ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Diffusion ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
And Diffusion

Over the last decade, representations of the rainbow were repeatedly disputed in Poland, revealing the country’s ongoing socio-political changes and its drift away from the generally liberal and secular values of the European mainstream. These cases show a political growth and an increasing social diffusion of Polish ‘national paleoconservatism.’ The aim of this article is to (1) discuss the intellectual roots of this distinct form of conservatism built upon the confrontational notions of national identity, patriotism, and Catholicism; (2) propose a novel concept in the studies of Polish politics (‘national paleoconservatism’); and (3) present the social diffusion of such conservatism based on conflicts over representations of the rainbow. By combining the historical and intellectual background with the contemporary case studies, the authors aim to facilitate a deeper understanding of the vitality of national conservative ideas among internationally unknown conservative intellectuals, who participate in a discursive ‘culture war’ against their liberal, progressive and secular opponents in present-day Poland. The ideological conflicts revolve around the meaning of Polish national identity, the essential character of the country’s culture, and the position of Poland within the framework of European integration.

Track 2.a Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucharita BENIWAL ◽  
Sahil MATHUR ◽  
Lesley-Ann NOEL ◽  
Cilla PEMBERTON ◽  
Suchitra BALASUBRAHMANYAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Local Practices

The aim of this track was to question the divide between the nature of knowledge understood as experiential in indigenous contexts and science as an objective transferable knowledge. However, these can co-exist and inform design practices within transforming social contexts. The track aimed to challenge the hegemony of dominant knowledge systems, and demonstrate co-existence. The track also hoped to make a case for other systems of knowledges and ways of knowing through examples from native communities. The track was particularly interested in, first, how innovators use indigenous and cultural systems and frameworks to manage or promote innovation and second, the role of local knowledge and culture in transforming innovation as well as the form of local practices inspired innovation. The contributions also aspired to challenge through examples, case studies, theoretical frameworks and methodologies the hegemony of dominant knowledge systems, the divides of ‘academic’ vs ‘non-academic’ and ‘traditional’ vs ‘non-traditional’.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McElvenny
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This chapter sets the scene for the case studies that follow in the rest of the book by characterising the ‘age of modernism’ and identifying problems relating to language and meaning that arose in this context. Emphasis is laid on the social and political issues that dominated the era, in particular the rapid developments in technology, which inspired both hope and fear, and the international political tensions that led to the two World Wars. The chapter also sketches the approach to historiography taken in the book, interdisciplinary history of ideas.

The Social Contexts of Racial Discrimination in Sentencing

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha A. Myers ◽  
Susette M. Talarico
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Social

Diffusion and Adoption of Corruption in Developing Economies: Evidence from Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Solomon A. Keelson ◽  
Thomas Cudjoe ◽  
Manteaw Joy Tenkoran
Keyword(s):  
Social Values ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Institutional Failure ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Diffusion

The present study investigates diffusion and adoption of corruption and factors that influence the rate of adoption of corruption in Ghana. In the current study, the diffusion and adoption of corruption and the factors that influence the speed with which corruption spreads in society is examined within Ghana as a developing economy. Data from public sector workers in Ghana are used to conduct the study. Our findings based on the results from One Sample T-Test suggest that corruption is perceived to be high in Ghana and diffusion and adoption of corruption has witnessed appreciative increases. Social and institutional factors seem to have a larger influence on the rate of corruption adoption than other factors. These findings indicate the need for theoretical underpinning in policy formulation to face corruption by incorporating the relationship between the social values and institutional failure, as represented by the rate of corruption adoption in developing economies.

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